|
MADI
Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI) standardized Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organiza ... as AES10 by the Audio Engineering Society (AES) defines the data format and electrical characteristics of an interface that carries multiple channels of digital audio. The AES first documented the MADI standard in AES10-1991 and updated it in AES10-2003 and AES10-2008. The MADI standard includes a bit-level description and has features in common with the two-channel AES3 interface. MADI supports Serial transmission, serial digital transmission over coaxial cable or fibre-optic lines of 28, 56, 32, or 64 channels; and sampling rates to 96 kHz and beyond with an audio bit depth of up to 24 bits per channel. Like AES3 and ADAT Lightpipe, it is a unidirectional interface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4B5B
In telecommunications, 4B5B is a form of data communications line code. 4B5B maps groups of 4 bits of data onto groups of 5 bits for transmission. These 5-bit words are predetermined in a dictionary and they are chosen to ensure that there will be sufficient transitions in the line state to produce a self-clocking signal. A collateral effect of the code is that 25% more bits are needed to send the same information. An alternative to using 4B5B coding is to use a scrambler. Some systems use scramblers in conjunction with 4B5B coding to assure DC balance and improve electromagnetic compatibility. Depending on the standard or specification of interest, there may be several 5-bit output codes left unused. The presence of any of the unused codes in the data stream can be used as an indication that there is a fault somewhere in the link. Therefore, the unused codes can be used to detect errors in the data stream. Applications 4B5B was popularized by Fiber Distributed Data Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SC Connector
An optical fiber connector is a device used to link optical fibers, facilitating the efficient transmission of light signals. An optical fiber connector enables quicker connection and disconnection than mechanical splice, splicing. They come in various types like SC, LC, ST, and MTP, each designed for specific applications. In all, about 100 different types of fiber optic connectors have been introduced to the market. These connectors include components such as ferrules and alignment sleeves for precise fiber alignment. Quality connectors lose very little light due to reflection or misalignment of the fibers. Optical fiber connectors are categorized into single-mode and multimode types based on their distinct characteristics. Industry standards ensure compatibility among different connector types and manufacturers. These connectors find applications in telecommunications, data centers, and industrial settings. Application Optical fiber connectors are used to join optical fib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audio Engineering Society
The Audio Engineering Society (AES) is a professional body for engineers, scientists, other individuals with an interest or involvement in the professional audio industry. The membership largely comprises engineers developing devices or products for audio, and persons working in audio content production. It also includes acousticians, audiologists, academics, and those in other disciplines related to audio. The AES is the only worldwide professional society devoted exclusively to audio technology. Established in 1948, the Society develops, reviews and publishes engineering standards for the audio and related media industries, and produces the AES Conventions, which are held twice a year alternating between Europe and the US. The AES and individual regional or national ''sections'' also hold ''AES Conferences'' on different topics during the year. History The idea of a society dedicated solely to audio engineering had been discussed for some time before the first meeting, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Audio
Digital audio is a representation of sound recorded in, or converted into, digital signal (signal processing), digital form. In digital audio, the sound wave of the audio signal is typically encoded as numerical sampling (signal processing), samples in a continuous sequence. For example, in CD audio, samples are taken 44,100 Hertz, times per second, each with 16-bit audio bit depth, resolution. Digital audio is also the name for the entire technology of sound recording and reproduction using audio signals that have been encoded in digital form. Following significant advances in digital audio technology during the 1970s and 1980s, it gradually replaced comparison of analog and digital recording, analog audio technology in many areas of audio engineering, record production and telecommunications in the 1990s and 2000s. In a digital audio system, an analog signal, analog electrical signal representing the sound is converted with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) into a digital ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AES3
AES3 is a technical standard, standard for the exchange of digital audio signals between professional audio devices. An AES3 signal can carry two channels of pulse-code modulation, pulse-code-modulated digital audio over several transmission media including balanced lines, unbalanced lines, and optical fiber. AES3 was jointly developed by the Audio Engineering Society (AES) and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and so is also known as AES/EBU. The standard was first published in 1985 and was revised in 1992 and 2003. AES3 has been incorporated into the International Electrotechnical Commission's standard IEC 60958, and is available in a consumer-grade variant known as S/PDIF. History and development The development of standards for digital audio interconnect for both professional and domestic audio equipment, began in the late 1970s in a joint effort between the Audio Engineering Society and the European Broadcasting Union, and culminated in the publishing of AES3 in 1985. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Word Clock
In digital audio electronics, a word clock or wordclock (sometimes sample clock, which can have a broader meaning) is a clock signal used to synchronise other devices, such as digital audio tape machines and compact disc players, which interconnect via digital audio signals. Word clock is so named because it clocks each audio sample. Samples are represented in data words. S/PDIF, AES/EBU, MADI, ADAT, and TDIF are some of the formats that use a word clock. Various audio over Ethernet systems use communication protocol A communication protocol is a system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any variation of a physical quantity. The protocol defines the rules, syntax, semantics (computer science), sem ...s to distribute word clock. The device which generates the word clock is the clock source for all the other audio devices. The signal is used for synchronizing digital audio signals between devices, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audio Over Ethernet
In audio engineering, audio and broadcast engineering, broadcast engineering, Audio networking is the use of a Computer networking, network to distribute real-time digital audio. Audio Networking replaces bulky snake cables or audio-specific installed low-voltage wiring with standard network structured cabling in a facility. Audio Networking provides a reliable Backbone network, backbone for any audio application, such as for large-scale sound reinforcement in stadiums, airports and convention centers, multiple studios or stage (theatre), stages. While Audio Networking bears a resemblance to voice over IP (VoIP) and audio over IP, audio contribution over IP (ACIP), Audio Networking is intended for high-fidelity, low-latency professional audio. Because of the fidelity and Latency (audio), latency constraints, Audio Networking systems generally do not utilize audio data compression. Audio Networking systems use a much higher bit rate (typically 1 Mbit/s per channel) and much low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ADAT Lightpipe
The ADAT Lightpipe, officially the ADAT Optical Interface, is a standard for the transfer of digital audio between equipment. It was originally developed by Alesis but has since become widely accepted, with many Third-party developer, third party hardware manufacturers including Lightpipe interfaces on their equipment. The protocol has become so popular that the term ''ADAT'' is now often used to refer to the transfer standard rather than to the Alesis Digital Audio Tape itself. Cables and interface Lightpipe uses the same connection hardware as S/PDIF: fiber optic cables (hence its name) to carry data, with Toslink connectors and optical transceivers at either end. However, the data streams of the two protocols are incompatible. S/PDIF is mostly used for transferring stereo or multi-channel surround sound audio, whereas the ADAT optical interface supports up to 8 audio channels at 48 kHz, 24 bit. Lightpipe devices have been successfully interfaced via FireWire. Data transfe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RME MADIface
RME may refer to: Science and technology * Rapeseed Methyl Ester, a form of biodiesel * Receptor-mediated endocytosis Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, proteins – and in some cases viruses – by the inward budding of the plasma membrane (invagination). This ..., a biological process * Rich Media Environment, an Open Mobile Alliance standard for broadcasting multimedia content * Reaction mass efficiency, a metric to rate chemical reactions * RME-6 or GAPVD1, a protein encoded by the ''GAPVD1'' gene Transport * ''Ronsdorf-Müngstener Eisenbahn'' or Ronsdorf-Müngsten Railway, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; see Wuppertal-Ronsdorf station * IATA Airport Code for Griffiss International Airport in Rome, New York Other uses * River Music Experience, in Davenport, Iowa * ISO 639:rme, Angloromani language, spoken by the Romani people * Rme, known as Qiang language, a Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varispeed
A variable speed pitch control (or vari-speed) is a control on an audio device such as a turntable, tape recorder, or CD player that allows the operator to deviate from a standard speed (such as 33, 45 or even 78 rpm on a turntable), resulting in adjustments in pitch. The latter term "vari-speed" is more commonly used for tape decks, particularly in the UK. Analog pitch controls vary the voltage being used by the playback device; digital controls use digital signal processing to change the playback speed or pitch. A typical DJ deck allows the pitch to be increased or reduced by up to 8%, which is achieved by increasing or reducing the speed at which the platter rotates. Turntable or CD playing speed may be changed for beatmatching and other DJ techniques, while pitch shift using a pitch control has myriad uses in sound recording. Vari-speed in consumer cassette decks Superscope, Inc. of Sun Valley added vari-speed as a feature of portable cassette decks in 1975. The C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiber Distributed Data Interface
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a standard for data transmission in a local area network. It uses optical fiber as its standard underlying physical medium. It was also later specified to use copper cable, in which case it may be called CDDI (Copper Distributed Data Interface), standardized as TP-PMD (Twisted-Pair Physical Medium-Dependent), also referred to as TP-DDI (Twisted-Pair Distributed Data Interface). FDDI was effectively made obsolete in local networks by Fast Ethernet which offered the same 100 Mbit/s speeds, but at a much lower cost and, from 1998 on, by Gigabit Ethernet due to its speed, even lower cost, and ubiquity. Description FDDI provides a 100 Mbit/s optical standard for data transmission in local area network that can extend in length up to . Although FDDI logical topology is a ring-based token network, it did not use the IEEE 802.5 Token Ring protocol as its basis; instead, its protocol was derived from the IEEE 802.4 token bus ''ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baud Rate
In a digitally modulated signal or a line code, symbol rate, modulation rate or baud is the number of symbol changes, waveform changes, or signaling events across the transmission medium per unit of time. The symbol rate is measured in ''baud'' (Bd) or ''symbols per second''. In the case of a line code, the symbol rate is the pulse rate in pulses per second. Each symbol can represent or convey one or several bits of data. The symbol rate is related to the ''gross bit rate'', expressed in ''bits per second''. Symbols A symbol may be described as either a pulse in digital baseband transmission or a tone in passband transmission using modems. A symbol is a waveform, a state or a significant condition of the communication channel that ''persists'', for a fixed period of time. A sending device places symbols on the channel at a fixed and known symbol rate, and the receiving device has the job of detecting the sequence of symbols in order to reconstruct the transmitted data. There ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
