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List Of International Organization For Standardization Standards, 28000-29999
This is a list of publishedThis list generally excludes draft versions. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards and other deliverables.ISO deliverables include "specifications" (ISO/PAS, ISO/TS), "reports" (ISO/TR), etc, which are not referred to by ISO as "standards". For a complete and up-to-date list of all the ISO standards, see the ISO catalogue. The standards are protected by and most of them must be purchased. However, about 300 of the standards produced by ISO and 's Joint Technical Committee 1 ( |
International Organization For Standardization
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in Article 3 of the ISO Statutes. ISO was founded on 23 February 1947, and (as of November 2022) it has published over 24,500 international standards covering almost all aspects of technology and manufacturing. It has 809 Technical committees and sub committees to take care of standards development. The organization develops and publishes standardization in all technical and nontechnical fields other than Electrical engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, which is handled by the International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC.Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. 3 June 2021.International Organization for Standardization" ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 2022-04-26. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and works in 167 coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharable Content Object Reference Model
Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) is a collection of standards and specifications for web-based electronic educational technology (also called e-learning). It defines communications between client side content and a host system (called "the run-time environment"), which is commonly supported by a learning management system. SCORM also defines how content may be packaged into a transferable ZIP file called "Package Interchange Format." SCORM is a specification of the Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) Initiative from the Office of the United States Secretary of Defense. SCORM 2004 introduced a complex idea called sequencing, which is a set of rules that specifies the order in which a learner may experience content objects. In simple terms, they constrain a learner to a fixed set of paths through the training material, permit the learner to "bookmark" their progress when taking breaks, and assure the acceptability of test scores achieved by the learner. The standar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO/IEC 29199-2
ISO/IEC JTC 1, entitled "Information technology", is a joint technical committee (JTC) of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its purpose is to develop, maintain and promote standards in the fields of information and communications technology (ICT). JTC 1 has been responsible for many critical IT standards, ranging from the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image formats and Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) audio and video formats to the C and C++ programming languages. History ISO/IEC JTC 1 was formed in 1987 as a merger between ISO/TC 97 (Information Technology) and IEC/TC 83, with IEC/SC 47B joining later. The intent was to bring together, in a single committee, the IT standardization activities of the two parent organizations in order to avoid duplicative or possibly incompatible standards. At the time of its formation, the mandate of JTC 1 was to develop base standards in information t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JPEG XR
JPEG XR (JPEG extended range) is an image compression standard for continuous tone photographic images, based on the HD Photo (formerly Windows Media Photo) specifications that Microsoft originally developed and patented. It supports both lossy and lossless compression, and is the preferred image format for Ecma-388 Open XML Paper Specification documents. Support for the format was made available in Adobe Flash Player 11.0, Adobe AIR 3.0, Sumatra PDF 2.1, Windows Imaging Component, .NET Framework 3.0, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Internet Explorer 9, Internet Explorer 10, Internet Explorer 11, Pale Moon 27.2. As of January 2021, there were still no cameras that shoot photos in the JPEG XR (.JXR) format. History Microsoft first announced Windows Media Photo at WinHEC 2006, and then renamed it to HD Photo in November of that year. In July 2007, the Joint Photographic Experts Group and Microsoft announced HD Photo to be under consideration to become a JPEG standard known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IVDR
iVDR, or Information Versatile Disk for Removable usage, is a portable HDD cartridge standard. The standard is managed by the iVDR Hard Disk Drive Consortium, which consists largely of Japanese corporations. It provides the benefits of HDD technology, while going against the trend of smaller storage formats. Transfer speeds are up to 1.5 Gbit/s over SATA. Size ranges from the larger iVDR (80 mm x 110 mm) to the smaller iVDR micro (50mm x 50mm). It was born of the increasing need for large-capacity media that can store increasing amounts of high-quality video and image data, high-quality audio data, and so on. References Sources C, Net articleRetrieved from the Internet Archive The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ... on March 18, 2016. External links Offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Information Versatile Disk For Removable
iVDR, or Information Versatile Disk for Removable usage, is a portable HDD cartridge standard. The standard is managed by the iVDR Hard Disk Drive Consortium, which consists largely of Japanese corporations. It provides the benefits of HDD technology, while going against the trend of smaller storage formats. Transfer speeds are up to 1.5 Gbit/s over SATA. Size ranges from the larger iVDR (80 mm x 110 mm) to the smaller iVDR micro (50mm x 50mm). It was born of the increasing need for large-capacity media that can store increasing amounts of high-quality video and image data, high-quality audio data, and so on. References Sources C, Net articleRetrieved from the Internet Archive The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ... on March 18, 2016. External links Offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speck (cipher)
Speck is a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013. Speck has been optimized for performance in software implementations, while its sister algorithm, Simon, has been optimized for hardware implementations. Speck is an add–rotate–xor (ARX) cipher. The NSA began working on the Simon and Speck ciphers in 2011. The agency anticipated some agencies in the US federal government would need a cipher that would operate well on a diverse collection of Internet of Things devices while maintaining an acceptable level of security. Cipher description Speck supports a variety of block and key sizes. A block is always two words, but the words may be 16, 24, 32, 48 or 64 bits in size. The corresponding key is 2, 3 or 4 words. The round function consists of two rotations, adding the right word to the left word, xoring the key into the left word, then xoring the left word into the right word. The number of rounds depends ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon (cipher)
Simon is a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013. Simon has been optimized for performance in hardware implementations, while its sister algorithm, Speck, has been optimized for software implementations. The NSA began working on the Simon and Speck ciphers in 2011. The agency anticipated some agencies in the US federal government would need a cipher that would operate well on a diverse collection of Internet of Things devices while maintaining an acceptable level of security. Description of the cipher The Simon block cipher is a balanced Feistel cipher with an ''n''-bit word, and therefore the block length is 2''n''. The key length is a multiple of ''n'' by 2, 3, or 4, which is the value ''m''. Therefore, a Simon cipher implementation is denoted as Simon2''n''/''nm''. For example, Simon64/128 refers to the cipher operating on a 64-bit plaintext block (''n'' = 32) that uses a 128-bit key. The bl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabin Cryptosystem
The Rabin cryptosystem is a family of public-key encryption schemes based on a trapdoor function whose security, like that of RSA, is related to the difficulty of integer factorization. The Rabin trapdoor function has the advantage that inverting it has been mathematically proven to be as hard as factoring integers, while there is no such proof known for the RSA trapdoor function. It has the disadvantage that each output of the Rabin function can be generated by any of four possible inputs; if each output is a ciphertext, extra complexity is required on decryption to identify which of the four possible inputs was the true plaintext. Naive attempts to work around this often either enable a chosen-ciphertext attack to recover the secret key or, by encoding redundancy in the plaintext space, invalidate the proof of security relative to factoring. Public-key encryption schemes based on the Rabin trapdoor function are used mainly for examples in textbooks. In contrast, RSA is the ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ECDSA
In cryptography, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) offers a variant of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) which uses elliptic-curve cryptography. Key and signature-size As with elliptic-curve cryptography in general, the bit size of the private key believed to be needed for ECDSA is about twice the size of the security level, in bits. For example, at a security level of 80 bits—meaning an attacker requires a maximum of about 2^ operations to find the private key—the size of an ECDSA private key would be 160 bits. On the other hand, the signature size is the same for both DSA and ECDSA: approximately 4 t bits, where t is the security level measured in bits, that is, about 320 bits for a security level of 80 bits. Signature generation algorithm Suppose Alice wants to send a signed message to Bob. Initially, they must agree on the curve parameters (\textrm, G, n). In addition to the field and equation of the curve, we need G, a base point of pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OFB Mode
In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or authenticity. A block cipher by itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length group of bits called a block. A mode of operation describes how to repeatedly apply a cipher's single-block operation to securely transform amounts of data larger than a block. Most modes require a unique binary sequence, often called an initialization vector (IV), for each encryption operation. The IV has to be non-repeating and, for some modes, random as well. The initialization vector is used to ensure distinct ciphertexts are produced even when the same plaintext is encrypted multiple times independently with the same key. Block ciphers may be capable of operating on more than one block size, but during transformation the block size is always fixed. Block cipher modes operate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grain 128a
The Grain 128a stream cipher was first purposed at Symmetric Key Encryption Workshop (SKEW) in 2011 as an improvement of the predecessor Grain 128, which added security enhancements and optional message authentication using the Encrypt & MAC approach. One of the important features of the Grain (cipher), Grain family is that the throughput can be increased at the expense of additional hardware. Grain 128a is designed by Martin Ågren, Martin Hell, Thomas Johansson and Willi Meier. Description of the cipher Grain 128a consists of two large parts: Pre-output function and MAC. The pre-output function has an internal state size of 256 bits, consisting of two registers of size 128 bit: NLFSR and LFSR. The MAC supports variable tag lengths w such that 0 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
