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Lindsaeaceae
Lindsaeaceae is a pantropical family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It contains six or seven genera with about 220 known species, some of which also extend into the more temperate regions of eastern Asia, New Zealand, and South America.Lehtonen ''et al.'': Phylogenetics and classification of the pantropical fern family Lindsaeaceae in the ''Botanical Journal of the Linnaen Society'' 2010 Description Characteristics include: Rhizomes short to long creeping; rhizomes with nonclathrate scales or uniseriate hairs; blades 1-3 pinnate or more divided; veins usually free; sori marginal or submarginal; |
Lindsaeaceae
Lindsaeaceae is a pantropical family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It contains six or seven genera with about 220 known species, some of which also extend into the more temperate regions of eastern Asia, New Zealand, and South America.Lehtonen ''et al.'': Phylogenetics and classification of the pantropical fern family Lindsaeaceae in the ''Botanical Journal of the Linnaen Society'' 2010 Description Characteristics include: Rhizomes short to long creeping; rhizomes with nonclathrate scales or uniseriate hairs; blades 1-3 pinnate or more divided; veins usually free; sori marginal or submarginal; |
Polypodiales
The order Polypodiales encompasses the major lineages of polypod ferns, which comprise more than 80% of today's fern species. They are found in many parts of the world including tropical, semitropical and temperate areas. Description Polypodiales are unique in bearing sporangia with a vertical annulus interrupted by the stalk and stomium. These sporangial characters were used by Johann Jakob Bernhardi to define a group of ferns he called the "Cathetogyratae"; the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group has suggested reviving this name as the informal term cathetogyrates, to replace the ambiguously circumscribed term "polypods" when referring to the Polypodiales. The sporangia are born on stalks 1–3 cells thick and are often long-stalked. (In contrast, the Hymenophyllales have a stalk composed of four rows of cells.) The sporangia do not reach maturity simultaneously. Many groups in the order lack indusia, but when present, they are attached either along the edge of the indusium or in its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lindsaeineae
Lindsaeineae is a suborder of ferns (Polypodiopsida), order (biology), order Polypodiales, created by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (2016). It consists of two monogeneric family (biology), families plus the larger Lindsaeaceae with seven genera, and the suborder contains about 237 species overall. It corresponds to Lindsaeaceae ''sensu'' Smith 2016. Description The rhizomes are short to long, creeping but rarely ascending, covered with non-clathrate scales (rarely hairs). The petiole (botany), petioles are single, rarely double (sometimes several fusing into two in the upper part of the stipe (botany), stipe). They contain vascular bundles and the sorus, sori are marginal to sub-marginal, generally protected by laminar true indusia (rarely marginal pseudo-indusia or both). Taxonomy Lindsaeineae are placed within the Polypodiales and are phylogenetically related to the other five suborders as shown in this cladogram: Subdivision Lindsaeineae contains three families: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cystodium Sorbifolium
''Cystodium'' is a fern in its own family, Cystodiaceae. It contains a single species: ''Cystodium sorbifolium'' . Because it looks like a small tree fern, it had previously been placed in the tree fern family Dicksoniaceae. Subsequent analysis had moved it to the Lindsaeaceae, but the most recent phylogenetic studies have placed it in its own separate family, Cystodiaceae, with a sister relationship to the current Lindsaeaceae. A fossil species of the genus ''Cystodium sorbifolioides'' is known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber in Myanmar. Distribution ''Cystodium'' is distributed through lowland rainforests from Borneo to New Guinea and nearby islands, as well as the Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its capita .... References Polypodiales {{Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lonchitis , before being placed in its own family.Lehtonen ''et al.'': Phylogenetics and classification of the pantropical fern family Lindsaeaceae''Lonchitis'' is a neotropical genus of ferns. It is the sole genus in the family Lonchitidaceae. At one time ''Lonchitis'' was placed in the Dennstaedtiaceae, and then transferred to the Lindsaeaceae Lindsaeaceae is a pantropical family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It contains six or seven genera with about 220 known species, some of which also extend into the more temperate regions of eastern Asia, New Zealand, and South America. in the ''Botanical Journal of the Linnaen Society'' 2010 Species * * ═ * ═ * ═ * ═ * ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cystodiaceae
''Cystodium'' is a fern in its own family, Cystodiaceae. It contains a single species: ''Cystodium sorbifolium'' . Because it looks like a small tree fern, it had previously been placed in the tree fern family Dicksoniaceae. Subsequent analysis had moved it to the Lindsaeaceae, but the most recent phylogenetic studies have placed it in its own separate family, Cystodiaceae, with a sister relationship to the current Lindsaeaceae. A fossil species of the genus ''Cystodium sorbifolioides'' is known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber in Myanmar. Distribution ''Cystodium'' is distributed through lowland rainforests from Borneo to New Guinea and nearby islands, as well as the Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its capita .... References Polypodiales {{Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lonchitidaceae , before being placed in its own family.Lehtonen ''et al.'': Phylogenetics and classification of the pantropical fern family Lindsaeaceae''Lonchitis'' is a neotropical genus of ferns. It is the sole genus in the family Lonchitidaceae. At one time ''Lonchitis'' was placed in the Dennstaedtiaceae, and then transferred to the Lindsaeaceae Lindsaeaceae is a pantropical family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It contains six or seven genera with about 220 known species, some of which also extend into the more temperate regions of eastern Asia, New Zealand, and South America. in the ''Botanical Journal of the Linnaen Society'' 2010 Species * * ═ * ═ * ═ * ═ * ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odontosoria
''Odontosoria'' is a genus of ferns in the family Lindsaeaceae. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *'' Odontosoria aculeata'' (L.) J.Sm. *'' Odontosoria afra'' (K.U.Kramer) J.P.Roux *'' Odontosoria africana'' Ballard *'' Odontosoria alutacea'' (Mett.) Perrie & L.D.Sheph. *'' Odontosoria angustifolia'' (Bernh.) C.Chr. *'' Odontosoria biflora'' (Kaulf.) C.Chr. *'' Odontosoria celebesiana'' (Barcelona & Hickey) comb. ined. *'' Odontosoria chinensis'' (L.) J.Sm. *'' Odontosoria colombiana'' Maxon *'' Odontosoria decomposita'' (Baker) C.Chr. *'' Odontosoria deltoidea'' (C.Chr.) Lehtonen & Tuomisto *'' Odontosoria flabellifolia'' (Baker) C.Chr. *'' Odontosoria flexuosa'' (Spreng.) Maxon *'' Odontosoria fumarioides'' (Sw.) J.Sm. *'' Odontosoria goudotiana'' (Kunze) Christenh. *'' Odontosoria gracilis'' (Tagawa) Ralf Knapp (treated as a synonym of ''O. chinensis'' subsp. ''chinensis'' in other sources) *'' Odontosoria gua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional). PPG I A first classification, PPG I, was produced in 2016, covering only extant (living) pteridophytes. The classification was rank-based, using the ranks of class, subclass, order, suborder, family, subfamily and genus. Phylogeny The classification was based on a consensus phylogeny, shown below to the level of order. The very large order Polypodiales was divided into two suborders, as well as families not placed in a suborder: Classification to subfamily level To the level of subfamily, the PPG I classification is as follows. *Class Lycopodi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtiaceae is one of fifteen families in the order Polypodiales, the most derived families within monilophytes (ferns). It comprises 10 genera with ca 240 known species, including one of the world's most abundant ferns, ''Pteridium aquilinum'' (bracken). Members of the order generally have large, highly divided leaves and have either small, round intramarginal sori with cup-shaped indusia (e.g. ''Dennstaedtia'') or linear marginal sori with a false indusium formed from the reflexed leaf margin (e.g. ''Pteridium''). The morphological diversity among members of the order has confused past taxonomy, but recent molecular studies have supported the monophyly of the order and the family.Smith, A. R., K. M. Pryer, et al. (2006). "A classification for extant ferns." Taxon 55(3): 705-731 The reclassification of Dennstaedtiaceae and the rest of the monilophytes was published in 2006, so most of the available literature is not updated. Characteristics * Terrestrial or scrambling (sca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xyropteris
''Xyropteris'' is a genus of ferns in the family Lindsaeaceae. It has a single described species, ''Xyropteris stortii'', native to Sumatra and Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas .... Some sources do not recognize the genus ''Xyropteris'', placing the species in '' Lindsaea'' as ''Lindsaea stortii''. References Lindsaeaceae Monotypic fern genera {{Polypodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphenomeris
''Sphenomeris'' is a genus of ferns in the family Lindsaeaceae. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *'' Sphenomeris clavata'' (L.) Maxon *'' Sphenomeris killipii'' (Maxon) Kramer *'' Sphenomeris spathulata'' (Maxon) Kramer Other sources place these species in the genus ''Odontosoria ''Odontosoria'' is a genus of ferns in the family Lindsaeaceae. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *'' Odontosoria aculeata'' (L.) J.Sm. *'' Odontosoria afra'' (K.U.Kramer) J.P. ...''. References Lindsaeaceae Fern genera {{Polypodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |