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Largest Remainders System
The largest remainder methods or Quota rule, quota methods are methods of Apportionment (politics), allocating seats proportionally that are based on calculating a ''quota'', i.e. a certain number of votes needed to be guaranteed a seat in parliament. Then, any leftover seats are handed over to "plurality" winners (the parties with the largest Remainder, remainders, i.e. the most "leftover" votes). They are typically contrasted with the more popular highest averages methods (also called divisor methods). Divisor methods are generally preferred by Social choice theory, social choice theorists to the Largest remainder method, largest remainder methods because they are less susceptible to Apportionment paradox, apportionment paradoxes. In particular, divisor methods satisfy population monotonicity, i.e. voting ''for'' a party can never cause it to ''lose'' seats. Such Population paradox, population paradoxes occur by increasing the electoral quota, which can cause different states' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quota Rule
In mathematics and political science, the quota rule describes a desired property of a proportional apportionment or election method. It states that the number of seats that should be allocated to a given party should be between the upper or lower roundings (called upper and lower quotas) of its fractional proportional share (called natural quota).Michael J. Caulfield"Apportioning Representatives in the United States Congress - The Quota Rule" MAA Publications. Retrieved October 22, 2018 As an example, if a party deserves 10.56 seats out of 15, the quota rule states that when the seats are allotted, the party may get 10 or 11 seats, but not lower or higher. Many common election methods, such as all highest averages methods, violate the quota rule. Mathematics If P is the population of the party, T is the total population, and S is the number of available seats, then the natural quota for that party (the number of seats the party would ideally get) is : \frac P T \cdot S The lower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |