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Lăutărească Music
Lăutărească music (, ) is a musical tradition widespread in the historical regions of Romania (Wallachia, Moldova, and Transylvania. Its performers, known as lăutari, are professional musicians, typically of Romani origin, who play at weddings, christenings, funerals, and other social events. Lăutărească music encompasses a wide repertoire, combining traditional folk melodies with elements from urban, Turkish, and Western European musical traditions. Musicians play by ear, often using intricate ornamentation and improvisation. The primary instruments in traditional lăutărească music are the violin, nai, and cobza. Lăutărească and Traditional Pastoral Music Romanian traditional music consists of two major branches: professional lăutărească music and traditional pastoral music. Traditional pastoral music is characterized by instrumental pieces in a ''tempo rubato'', primarily performed on wind instruments such as the '' tilincă'', ''fluier'', ''caval'', '' bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carol Szathmari
Carol Szathmari (Romanian: Carol Popp de Szathmari, Hungarian: Szathmáry Pap Károly; 11 January 1812, Kolozsvár – 3 July 1887, Bucharest) was a Romania, Romanian painter, lithographer, and photographer of Hungarians, Transylvanian Hungarian origin, who was based in Bucharest from the age of 18 until his death. He is seen as the founder of the Romanian photography. He is also considered the world's first combat photographer for his pictures of the battlefield taken during the first year of the History of the Russo-Turkish wars, Russo-Turkish war, later known as the Crimean War. Life Szathmari was born in the city of Kolozsvár, Transylvania (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), in 1812. Initially, he studied law at the Reformed College in Cluj. By the age of eighteen he had moved to Bucharest. He studied painting from 1832 to 1834 in Rome, and on returning to Bucharest he was frequently commissioned to create paintings for the Wallachian boyars. He would later go on to achieve notor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Music Of Romania
Romania has a multicultural music environment which includes active ethnic music scenes. Traditional Romanian folk music remains popular, and some folk musicians have come to national (and even international) fame. History Folk music is the oldest form of Romanian musical creation, characterised by great vitality; it is the defining source of the cultured musical creation, both religious and lay. Conservation of Romanian folk music has been aided by a large and enduring audience, also by numerous performers who helped propagate and further develop the folk sound. One of them, Gheorghe Zamfir, is famous throughout the world today and helped popularize a traditional Romanian folk instrument, the panpipes. The religious musical creation, born under the influence of Byzantine music adjusted to the intonations of the local folk music, saw a period of glory between the 15th and 17th centuries, when reputed schools of liturgical music developed within Romanian monasteries. Wester ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colindă
A colindă (pl. colinde; also colind, pl. colinduri) is a traditional Christmas carol in Romania and the Republic of Moldova. Origins Although the text of all ''colinde'' is concerned with the events of the Nativity, certain elements of the folk rituals performed around Christmas are probably pre-Christian in origin, having their roots in the Roman Saturnalia and pagan rituals related to the winter solstice and soil fertility. ''Colinde'' are performed in all parts of Romania (including Moldova), with regional variations in terms of number of participants, exact timing of different melodies and lyrics. In terms of artistic mastery of verse and melody, ''colinde'' occupy an important place in the creation of the Romanian people. They form a unity with '' doine'', popular ballads and songs of bravery, with tales, riddles, proverbs and sayings. Coming from the world of village communities, ''colinde'' preserve some of the oldest Romanian poetic achievements. They are inspired by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bocet
Bocet is a form of Romanian folk music Folk music is a music genre that includes #Traditional folk music, traditional folk music and the Contemporary folk music, contemporary genre that evolved from the former during the 20th-century folk revival. Some types of folk music may be ca .... Bocetul is Romanian for "lament", and indeed, a Bocet is a lament in free rhythm. They are usually sung by "lamenting women", with their eyes in tears or just expressing a deep grief. Encountered throughout Romania, bocet is a part of the traditional mourning observances. References Music of Romania {{Music-genre-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doina
The doina () is a Romanians, Romanian musical tune style, possibly with Middle Eastern roots, customary in Romanian peasant music, as well as in lăutărească music. It was also adopted into klezmer music. Similar tunes are found throughout Eastern Europe and the Balkans. In some parts of the Balkans this kind of music is referred to as or . Origins and characteristics Béla Bartók discovered the ''doina'' in Northern Transylvania in 1912 and he believed it to be uniquely Romanians, Romanian. After he found similar genres in Ukraine, Albania, Algeria, Middle East and Northern India, he came to the belief that these are part of a family of related genres of Arabo-Persian origin. He particularly linked the Romanian doina to the Turkish/Arabic ''Turkish makam, Makam'' system. Bartók's conclusions were rejected by some Romanian ethnomusicologists, who accused Bartók of anti-Romanian bias. Nevertheless, the similarities between the Romanian ''doina'' and various musical forms fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bucium
The ''bucium'' (, also called ''trâmbiţă'' or ''tulnic'') is a type of alphorn from Romania and Moldova. The word is derived from Latin '' bucinum'', originally meaning "curved horn", an instrument used by the Romans. The word is a cognate with English "bugle". A bucium may have either a straight or curved tube, and may be conical throughout its entire length or only in the bell. Its tube, which measures 1.5 to over 3 meters in length, may be made from fir, ash, limetree, or hazel wood and bound with birch, cherry, or lime bark. Northern Romanian versions of the bucium may incorporate metal as well. Most versions of the bucium are played by blowing into a trumpet-shaped wooden mouthpiece. References to the bucium have appeared in Romanian literature since at least the 16th century. The bucium was traditionally used by mountain dwellers, by the military for signals, and by shepherds for communication in the forested mountains and guiding sheep and dogs. It has also been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caval
The kaval is a chromatic end-blown oblique flute traditionally played throughout the Balkans (in Albania, Romania, Bulgaria, Southern Serbia, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Northern Greece, and elsewhere) and Anatolia (including Turkey and Armenia). The kaval is primarily associated with mountain shepherds. Unlike the transverse flute, the kaval is fully open at both ends, and is played by blowing on the sharpened edge of one end. The kaval has eight playing holes (seven in front and one in the back for the thumb) and usually four more unfingered intonation holes near the bottom of the kaval. As a wooden rim-blown flute, kaval is similar to the ''kawala'' of the Arab world and '' ney'' of the Middle East. Construction While typically made of wood ( cornel cherry, apricot, plum, boxwood, mountain ash, etc.), kavals are also made from water buffalo horn, ''Arundo donax'' 1753 (Persian reed), metal and plastic. A kaval made without joints is usually mounted on a wooden holder, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilinca
The telenka () (telynka, tylynka) is an overtone flute, a primitive form of dentsivka without fingerholes. The pitch produced from the instrument is changed by placing a finger into the open end of the pipe, and covering this opening by a half or third etc. and also by the strength of the player's breath. It is made from linden, elder, sycamore or willow. Its length is approximately 35 to 40 cm (14 to 16 in), although instruments can range up to 60 cm (24 in) in length. This instrument is very common in Romania especially in the areas bordering with the Ukrainian Bukovina area where it is known as the tilinca. A Romanian tilinca without top is often confused with the Hungarian tilinko with top, which is easier to play for beginners (in a way, a Romanian kaval without fingerholes). The telenka, along with the sopilka, is a prominent instrument in Kalush Orchestra's 2022 song "Stefania", which won the Eurovision Song Contest for Ukraine. See also * Kalyuka *Koncovka *Uk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tempo Rubato
; , , ;) is a musical term referring to expressive and rhythmic freedom by a slight speeding up and then slowing down of the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist or the conductor. Rubato is an expressive shaping of music that is a part of phrasing. While rubato is often loosely taken to mean playing with expressive and rhythmic freedom, it was traditionally used specifically in the context of expression as speeding up and then slowing down the tempo. In the past, expressive and free playing (beyond only rubato) was often associated with the terms "ad libitum". Rubato, even when not notated, is often used liberally by musicians, e.g. singers frequently use it intuitively to let the tempo of the melody expressively shift slightly and freely above that of the accompaniment. This intuitive shifting leads to rubato's main effect: making music sound expressive and natural. Nineteenth century composer-pianist Frédéric Chopin is often mentioned in the context of rubato ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romani People
{{Infobox ethnic group , group = Romani people , image = , image_caption = , flag = Roma flag.svg , flag_caption = Romani flag created in 1933 and accepted at the 1971 World Romani Congress , pop = 2–12 million , region2 = United States , pop2 = 1 million estimated with Romani ancestry{{efn, 5,400 per 2000 United States census, 2000 census. , ref2 = {{cite news , first=Kayla , last=Webley , url=http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2025316,00.html , title=Hounded in Europe, Roma in the U.S. Keep a Low Profile , agency=Time , date=13 October 2010 , access-date=3 October 2015 , quote=Today, estimates put the number of Roma in the U.S. at about one million. , region3 = Brazil , pop3 = 800,000 (0.4%) , ref3 = , region4 = Spain , pop4 = 750,000–1.5 million (1.5–3.7%) , ref4 = {{cite web , url ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lăutari
The Romanian language, Romanian word lăutar (; plural: ''lăutari'') denotes a class of musicians. The term was adopted by members of a professional clan of Romani musicians in the late 18th century. The term is derived from ''lăută'', the Romanian language, Romanian word for lute. ''Lăutari'' usually perform in bands, called taraf (musical band), taraf. Terminology ''Lăutar'', according to the DEX ("Dicționarul Explicativ al Limbii Române" — "The Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian Language"), is formed from ''lăută'' (meaning "lute") and the agent suffix ''-ar'', common for occupational names. Originally, the word was used only for the peasant Romanian musicians who played the ''lăută''. A distinction should be made between the generic Romanian-language word ''lăutar'' and the Romani clan. The others were named after their instruments, too, e.g.: ''scripcar'' (fiddle, scripcă player), ''cobzar'' (cobza player), and ''naingiu'' (Nai (pan flute), nai/panflu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( or ; ; or ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjen'') is a List of historical regions of Central Europe, historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border are the Carpathian Mountains and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Historical Transylvania also includes small parts of neighbouring Western Moldavia and even a small part of south-western neighbouring Bukovina to its north east (represented by Suceava County). Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history, coupled with its multi-cultural character. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other very well preserved medieval iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Bistrița, Alba Iuli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
