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Löffler Palace
The Löffler Palace () is a historic building in Timișoara, Romania, on the ''Surogat'' side of the Victory Square. It was built between 1912 and 1913 by the family and company of the entrepreneur Jacob Löffler, as a company headquarters and home for him and his three sons. History The Löffler Palace is the first building on ''Surogat'', between the Opera House and Huniade Castle. It belongs to the '' szecesszió'' current, and the architect of the building was Leopold Löffler, one of the three sons of the family of grain merchants once living in the palace. Together with father Jacob, they decided to buy a plot of land cleared after the demolition of Timișoara Fortress and parceled for sale. When purchasing the building plot, Löffler was subject to conditions from the city administration, so the construction time had to be less than a year, and the architectural design, especially the facades, had to be approved by the chief architect of the city, . In addition, the rear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Revolution
The Romanian revolution () was a period of violent Civil disorder, civil unrest in Socialist Republic of Romania, Romania during December 1989 as a part of the revolutions of 1989 that occurred in several countries around the world, primarily within the Eastern Bloc. The Romanian revolution started in the city of Timișoara and soon spread throughout the country, ultimately culminating in the Trial and execution of Nicolae and Elena Ceaușescu, drumhead trial and execution of longtime Romanian Communist Party (PCR) General Secretary Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena Ceaușescu, Elena, and the end of 42 years of Communist state, Communist rule in Romania. It was also the last removal of a Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist government in a Warsaw Pact country during the events of 1989, and the only one that violently overthrew a country's leadership and executed its leader; according to estimates, over one thousand people died and thousands more were injured. Following W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian National Opera, Timișoara
The Romanian National Opera () is a public opera and ballet institution in Timișoara, Romania. Subordinated to the Ministry of Culture, it is one of the four national opera companies of Romania. The Romanian National Opera was established by royal decree no. 254 of 30 March 1946, issued by King Michael I. The first director of the opera was Aca de Barbu. The Opera shares the same building with the Mihai Eminescu National Theatre, the Csiky Gergely Hungarian State Theatre and the German State Theatre. History The Romanian Opera in Timișoara was established by royal decree no. 254 of 30 March 1946, issued by King Michael I. The management of the newly established institution was entrusted to the famous soprano Aca de Barbu, who managed to form a valuable team of musicians. The inaugural performance of the Romanian Opera in Timișoara took place on 27 April 1947 with the opera ''Aida'' by Giuseppe Verdi. The first opera performance was transmitted through megaphones in the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vienna Secession
The Vienna Secession (; also known as the Union of Austrian Artists or ) is an art movement, closely related to Art Nouveau, that was formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian painters, graphic artists, sculptors and architects, including Josef Hoffman, Koloman Moser, Otto Wagner and Gustav Klimt. They resigned from the Association of Austrian Artists ( Vienna Künstlerhaus) in protest against its support for more traditional artistic styles. Their most influential architectural work was the Secession exhibitions hall designed by Joseph Maria Olbrich as a venue for expositions of the group. Their official magazine was called '' Ver Sacrum'' (''Sacred Spring'', in Latin), which published highly stylised and influential works of graphic art. In 1905 the group itself split, when some of the most prominent members, including Klimt, Wagner, and Hoffmann, resigned in a dispute over priorities, but it continued to function, and still functions today, from its headquarters in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victory Square, Timișoara
The Victory Square (), known until 1990 as the Opera Square (), is the central square of Timișoara. It is the place where Timișoara was proclaimed on 20 December 1989 the first city free of communism in Romania. It was a main boulevard, transformed into a square after the closure of the southern side by the construction of the Metropolitan Cathedral. The opposite poles of the square consist of the Opera to the north and the Metropolitan Cathedral to the south. From the Opera to the Cathedral the promenade on the right is called ''Corso'', and the one on the left is called ''Surogat''. Both have protected architectural ensembles of local historical importance. The square hosts the buildings of some important institutions such as the National Theater and Opera, the Orthodox Cathedral, Timiș, Capitol and Studio cinemas, the Museum of Banat, several art galleries as well as many shops and sidewalk cafés. Some of the most important cultural events take place in Victory Square: Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timișoara
Timișoara (, , ; , also or ; ; ; see #Etymology, other names) is the capital city of Timiș County, Banat, and the main economic, social and cultural center in Western Romania. Located on the Bega (Tisza), Bega River, Timișoara is considered the informal capital city of the historical Banat region. From 1848 to 1860 it was the capital of the Serbian Vojvodina and the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. With 250,849 inhabitants at the 2021 Romanian census, 2021 census, Timișoara is the country's List of cities and towns in Romania, fifth most populous city. It is home to around 400,000 inhabitants in its Timișoara metropolitan area, metropolitan area, while the Timișoara–Arad metropolis concentrates more than 70% of the population of Timiș and Arad County, Arad counties. Timișoara is a multicultural city, home to 21 ethnic groups and 18 religious denominations. Historically, the most numerous were the Banat Swabians, Swabian Germans, Jews and Hungarians, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a mainly continental climate, and an area of with a population of 19 million people. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Europe's second-longest river, the Danube, empties into the Danube Delta in the southeast of the country. The Carpathian Mountains cross Romania from the north to the southwest and include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of . Bucharest is the country's Bucharest metropolitan area, largest urban area and Economy of Romania, financial centre. Other major urban centers, urban areas include Cluj-Napoca, Timiș ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huniade Castle
The Huniade Castle (; ; ) is the oldest monument in Timișoara, Romania, built between 1443 and 1447 by John Hunyadi and Paolo Santini de Duccio over the old royal castle dating from the 14th century (built during the reign of Charles I of Hungary, Charles I Robert). The castle was rebuilt by the Turkish pashas in the 17th century and by Prince Eugene of Savoy in the 18th century. The structure owes its present appearance to the 1850s reconstruction campaign. It houses the History, Archeology and Natural Sciences sections of the National Museum of Banat. History Old castle The construction of the current Huniade Castle began in the 14th century, after a visit by King Charles I of Hungary, Charles I Robert to Timișoara in 1307. He decided to establish his residence here and considered it necessary to build a castle to his liking. The construction was probably carried out by Italian builders and most likely finished in 1315, because in 1316 the king was already settled in his n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timișoara Fortress
Timișoara Fortress (, , , , ) is a historical fortress in western Romania around which the town of Timișoara was built. It is presumed that there was an earlier Fortification, earthworks fortification built by the Pannonian Avars, Avars, but the first written record is from the 13th century. At the beginning of the 14th century Charles I of Hungary built the first stone fortification, the Angevin fortress. In 1443 John Hunyadi restored Huniade Castle, the castle and the surrounding walls, which had been destroyed by an earthquake. The fortress was captured in 1552 by the Ottoman Turks, who held it till 1716 when it was taken by the House of Habsburg, Habsburgs. The Habsburgs reconstructed it, making it much bigger in the style of Blaise Francois Pagan, a precursor of the Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, Vauban system. The Habsburg fortress was besieged only once, during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Hungarian Revolution in 1849. The increased effectiveness of artillery wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bay Window
A bay window is a window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room. A bow window is a form of bay with a curve rather than angular facets; an oriel window is a bay window that does not touch the ground. A window may be all three: projecting outward from the main fascia of a wall, curved in shape, and not reaching the ground. A bay window may be supported from the ground by a foundation, or in space by corbels, brackets, or cantilever. A typical bay window consists of a central windowpane, called a fixed sash, flanked by two or more smaller windows, known as casement or double-hung windows. The arrangement creates a panoramic view of the outside, allows more natural light to enter the room, and provides additional space within the room. Bay windows are often designed to extend beyond the exterior wall, either adding to floor space, often filled with a table, desk, or seating area, or turned into a window seat (often with storage o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loggia
In architecture, a loggia ( , usually , ) is a covered exterior Long gallery, gallery or corridor, often on an upper level, sometimes on the ground level of a building. The corridor is open to the elements because its outer wall is only partial, with the upper part usually supported by a series of columns or arches.John Fleming (art historian), John Fleming, Hugh Honour and Nikolaus Pevsner, ''The Penguin Dictionary of Architecture'', p. 200, 3rd edn, 1980, Penguin, ISBN 0140510133 An overhanging loggia may be supported by a baldresca. From the early Middle Ages, nearly every Italian comune had an open arched loggia in its main square, which served as a "symbol of communal justice and government and as a stage for civic ceremony". In Italian architecture, a loggia is also a small garden structure or house built on the roof of a residence, open on one or more sides, to enjoy cooling winds and the view. They were especially popular in the 17th century and are prominent in Rome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mascaron (architecture)
A mascaron is an ornament in the form of a face used in architecture and the decorative arts. Originally intended to frighten evil spirits from entering a building, the compositional element became purely decorative, usually human in appearance, sometimes Chimera (architecture), chimeric. The most recent architectural styles to extensively employ it were Beaux Arts and Art Nouveau. In addition to architecture, mascarons are used in the other applied arts. Types Green Man In the 11th century, European stonemasons decorating churches began carving a stylized foliate mascaron in the form of a man's face, reminiscent of a style that had appeared in green ceramic tile as early as the Byzantine era. Known today for convenience as the "Green Man", it was believed by early 20th-century scholars the image secretly represented a surviving pre-Christian god. Today, few scholars hold this, and instead interpret the Green Man as a symbol of rebirth, representing the cycle of new growth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pilaster
In architecture, a pilaster is both a load-bearing section of thickened wall or column integrated into a wall, and a purely decorative element in classical architecture which gives the appearance of a supporting column and articulates an extent of wall. As an ornament it consists of a flat surface raised from the main wall surface, usually treated as though it were a column, with a capital at the top, plinth (base) at the bottom, and the various other column elements. In contrast to a Classical pilaster, an engaged column or buttress can support the structure of a wall and roof above. In human anatomy, a pilaster is a ridge that extends vertically across the femur, which is unique to modern humans. Its structural function is unclear. Definition A pilaster is foremost a load-bearing architectural element used widely throughout the world and its history where a structural load is carried by a thickened section of wall or column integrated into a wall. It is also a purel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
