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Léon Bouveret
Léon Bouveret (27 September 1850 – 1929) was a French internist born in Saint-Julien-sur-Reyssouze, a community in the department of Ain. After receiving his doctorate in Paris in 1878, he became director of a clinic in Lyon that was run by professor Raphaël Lépine (1840–1919). Soon afterwards, he became associated with the , and in 1880 was appointed '. He resigned from the in 1900, although, he resumed his work there on a few occasions during World War I. As a young physician, Bouveret played an important role in the fight against cholera in Ardèche. In 1889, he provided an early description of paroxysmal tachycardia (Bouveret's disease). The term "" is also named after him, being defined as a gastric outlet obstruction caused by a large gallstone migrating into the duodenal bulb through a biliogastric or bilioduodenal fistula. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallstone
A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder from precipitated bile components. The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to any disease caused by gallstones, and choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of migrated gallstones within bile ducts. Most people with gallstones (about 80%) are asymptomatic. However, when a gallstone obstructs the bile duct and causes acute cholestasis, a reflexive smooth muscle spasm often occurs, resulting in an intense cramp-like visceral pain in the right upper part of the abdomen known as a biliary colic (or "gallbladder attack"). This happens in 1–4% of those with gallstones each year. Complications from gallstones may include inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), obstructive jaundice, and infection in bile ducts ( cholangitis). Symptoms of these complications may include pain that lasts longer than five hours, fever, yellowish skin, vomiting, da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Ain
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1929 Deaths
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic Counter-revolutionary, counter-revolution in Mexico. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, a British high court, ruled that Canadian women are persons in the ''Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General)'' case. The 1st Academy Awards for film were held in Los Angeles, while the Museum of Modern Art opened in New York City. The Peruvian Air Force was created. In Asia, the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the Soviet Union engaged in a Sino-Soviet conflict (1929), minor conflict after the Chinese seized full control of the Manchurian Chinese Eastern Railway, which ended with a resumption of joint administration. In the Soviet Union, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary Joseph S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1850 Births
Events January–March * January 29 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the United States Congress. * January 31 – The University of Rochester is founded in Rochester, New York. * January – Sacramento floods. * February 28 – The University of Utah opens in Salt Lake City. * March 5 – The Britannia Bridge opens over the Menai Strait in Wales. * March 7 – United States Senator Daniel Webster gives his "Seventh of March" speech, in which he endorses the Compromise of 1850, in order to prevent a possible civil war. * March 16 – Nathaniel Hawthorne's historical novel '' The Scarlet Letter'' is published in Boston, Massachusetts. * March 19 – American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo. * March 31 – The paddle steamer , bound from Cork to London, is wrecked in the English Channel with the loss of all 250 on board. April–June * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhoid Fever
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by '' Salmonella enterica'' serotype Typhi bacteria, also called ''Salmonella'' Typhi. Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. This is commonly accompanied by weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, and mild vomiting. Some people develop a skin rash with rose colored spots. In severe cases, people may experience confusion. Without treatment, symptoms may last weeks or months. Diarrhea may be severe, but is uncommon. Other people may carry it without being affected, but are still contagious. Typhoid fever is a type of enteric fever, along with paratyphoid fever. ''Salmonella enterica'' Typhi is believed to infect and replicate only within humans. Typhoid is caused by the bacterium ''Salmonella enterica'' subsp. ''enterica'' serovar Typhi growing in the intestines, Peyer's patches, mesen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Tripier
Raymond Tripier (1838–1916) was a French physician and pathologist. From 1858 to 1862, he worked as in Lyon, afterwards supporting his doctorate in Paris (1863) with a dissertation on spontaneous arterio-venous aneurysms of the aorta and superior vena cava, . In 1866, he became in Lyon, and from 1884 to 1908, was chair of pathological anatomy to the . He was a patron of the arts, after retiring from teaching he devoted his time to museum work in Lyon. Written works He is remembered for his studies of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, (Anatomo-clinical studies of the heart, vessels and lungs, 1909). Another principal work of his was a treatise on pathological anatomy titled (1904). Other noted writings by Tripier include: * , with Léon Bouveret, 1886 (Typhoid fever: treatment by cold baths). * , with Léon Bouveret, 1889 * , with Jean Paviot, 1909 (Role of subhepatic peritonitis in the pathogenesis of abdominal hernias A hernia (: hernias or herniae, from Latin, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neurasthenia
Neurasthenia ( and () 'weak') is a term that was first used as early as 1829 for a mechanical weakness of the nerves. It became a major diagnosis in North America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries after neurologist George Miller Beard reintroduced the concept in 1869. As a psychopathological term, the first to publish on neurasthenia was Michigan alienist E. H. Van Deusen of the Kalamazoo asylum in 1869. Also in 1868, New York neurologist George Beard used the term in an article published in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal to denote a condition with symptoms of fatigue, anxiety, headache, heart palpitations, high blood pressure, neuralgia, and depressed mood. Van Deusen associated the condition with farm wives made sick by isolation and a lack of engaging activity; Beard connected the condition to busy society women and overworked businessmen. Neurasthenia was a diagnosis in the World Health Organization's ICD-10, but deprecated, and thu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fistula
In anatomy, a fistula (: fistulas or fistulae ; from Latin ''fistula'', "tube, pipe") is an abnormal connection (i.e. tube) joining two hollow spaces (technically, two epithelialized surfaces), such as blood vessels, intestines, or other hollow organs to each other, often resulting in an abnormal flow of fluid from one space to the other. An anal fistula connects the anal canal to the perianal skin. An anovaginal or rectovaginal fistula is a hole joining the anus or rectum to the vagina. A colovaginal fistula joins the space in the colon to that in the vagina. A urinary tract fistula is an abnormal opening in the urinary tract or an abnormal connection between the urinary tract and another organ. An abnormal communication (i.e. hole or tube) between the bladder and the uterus is called a vesicouterine fistula, while if it is between the bladder and the vagina it is known as a vesicovaginal fistula, and if between the urethra and the vagina: a urethrovaginal fistu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duodenal Bulb
The duodenal bulb (also ampulla of duodenum, duodenal ampulla, or duodenal cap) is the initial, dilated portion of (the superior part of) the duodenum just distal to the stomach; it begins at the pylorus and ends at the neck of the gallbladder. It is normally about 5 centimeters long. Structure Relations It is located posterior to the liver and the gallbladder and superior to the pancreatic head. The gastroduodenal artery, portal vein, and common bile duct are situated posterior to the duodenal bulb. The distal part of the bulb is located retroperitoneally. It is located immediately distal to the pyloric sphincter The pylorus ( or ) connects the stomach to the duodenum. The pylorus is considered as having two parts, the ''pyloric antrum'' (opening to the body of the stomach) and the ''pyloric canal'' (opening to the duodenum). The ''pyloric canal'' ends a .... Clinical significance The duodenal bulb is the site of duodenal ulcer occurrence. Duodenal ulcers are more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a medical condition where there is an obstruction at the level of the pylorus, which is the outlet of the stomach. Individuals with gastric outlet obstruction will often have recurrent vomiting of food that has accumulated in the stomach, but which cannot pass into the small intestine due to the obstruction. The stomach often dilates to accommodate food intake and secretions. Causes of gastric outlet obstruction include both benign causes, such as peptic ulcer disease affecting the area around the pylorus, and malignant causes, such as gastric cancer. Causation related to ulcers may involve severe pain which the patient may interpret as a heart condition or attack. Treatment of the condition depends upon the underlying cause; it can involve antibiotic treatment when ''Helicobacter pylori'' is related to an ulcer, endoscopic therapies (such as dilation of the obstruction with balloons or the placement of self-expandable metallic stents), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internist
Internal medicine, also known as general medicine in Commonwealth nations, is a medical specialty for medical doctors focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in adults. Its namesake stems from "treatment of diseases of the internal organs". Medical practitioners of internal medicine are referred to as internists, or physicians in Commonwealth nations. Internists possess specialized skills in managing patients with undifferentiated or multi-system disease processes. They provide care to both hospitalized (inpatient) and ambulatory (outpatient) patients and often contribute significantly to teaching and research. Internists are qualified physicians who have undergone postgraduate training in internal medicine, and should not be confused with " interns", a term commonly used for a medical doctor who has obtained a medical degree but does not yet have a license to practice medicine unsupervised. In the United States and Commonwealth nations, there is often co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
