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László Kövér
László Kövér (; born 29 December 1959) is a Hungarian politician who is the current List of speakers of the National Assembly (Hungary), speaker of the National Assembly of Hungary. Under his capacity as speaker, he was also twice acting president of Hungary in 2012 after the Pál Schmitt academic misconduct controversy, resignation of Pál Schmitt, and again in 2024 after the Katalin Novák presidential pardon scandal, resignation of Katalin Novák. A founding member of Fidesz since 1988, he served as Minister of Civilian Intelligence Services (Hungary), Minister without portfolio for Civilian Intelligence Services during the first Viktor Orbán administration. He was appointed leader of the party in 2000, but resigned from his position the following year. Career László Kövér was born in the town of Pápa and is a founding member of the Fidesz party. it is reported that even as late as the 1990s, he declared that he was a socialist and argued for the adjective “soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Members Of The National Assembly Of Hungary (2018–2022)
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of '' The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katalin Novák Presidential Pardon Scandal
The Katalin Novák presidential pardon scandal erupted on 2 February 2024, when it was revealed that in 2023, President of Hungary Katalin Novák pardoned Endre Kónya, the former deputy director of the Kossuth Zsuzsa Children's Home in Bicske, who was convicted of helping to cover up the pedophile crimes of his superior by forcing one of the victims to withdraw their confession. The case caused a major public outcry, and led to Novák's resignation as President of Hungary on 10 February 2024. Shortly afterwards, former Minister of Justice (Hungary), Minister of Justice Judit Varga (politician), Judit Varga also resigned, both from her parliamentary seat and from her role as leader of the Fidesz list for the 2024 European Parliament election in Hungary, European Parliament election. It was she who, as Justice Minister, countersigned Katalin Novák's pardon decision. Following Novák's resignation, Tamás Sulyok took an oath to become her successor on 26 February. Bicske childre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Class
The middle class refers to a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy, often defined by occupation, income, education, or social status. The term has historically been associated with modernity, capitalism and political debate. Common definitions for the middle class range from the middle fifth of individuals on a nation's income ladder, to everyone but the poorest and wealthiest 20%. Theories like "Paradox of Interest" use decile groups and wealth distribution data to determine the size and wealth share of the middle class. Terminology differs in the United States, where the term ''middle class'' describes people who in other countries would be described as working class. There has been significant global middle-class growth over time. In February 2009, ''The Economist'' asserted that over half of the world's population belonged to the middle class, as a result of rapid growth in emerging countries. It characterized the middle class as having a reasonable amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Soviet Republic
The Hungarian Soviet Republic, also known as the Socialist Federative Soviet Republic of Hungary was a short-lived communist state that existed from 21 March 1919 to 1 August 1919 (133 days), succeeding the First Hungarian Republic. The Hungarian Soviet Republic was a small communist rump state which, at its time of establishment, controlled approximately only 23% of Hungary's historic territory. The head of government was Sándor Garbai, but the influence of the foreign minister Béla Kun of the Party of Communists in Hungary was much stronger. Unable to reach an agreement with the Triple Entente, which maintained an economic blockade of Hungary, in dispute with neighboring countries over territorial disputes, and beset by profound internal social changes, the Hungarian Soviet Republic failed in its objectives and was abolished a few months after its existence. Its main figure was the Communist Béla Kun, despite the fact that in the first days the majority of the new govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
The Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (, , MSZMP) was the ruling Marxist–Leninist party of the Hungarian People's Republic between 1956 and 1989. It was organised from elements of the Hungarian Working People's Party during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, with János Kádár as general secretary. The party also controlled its armed forces, the Hungarian People's Army. Like all other Eastern Bloc parties, the MSZMP was organized on the basis of democratic centralism, a principle conceived by Vladimir Lenin that entails democratic and open discussion of issues within the party followed by the requirement of total unity in upholding the agreed policies. The highest body within the MSZMP was the party Congress, which convened every five years. When the Congress was not in session, the Central Committee of the MSZMP was the highest body. Because the Central Committee met twice a year, most day-to-day duties and responsibilities were vested in the Politburo. The party lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Working People's Party
The Hungarian Working People's Party (, , abbr. MDP) was the ruling communist party of Hungary from 1948 to 1956. It was formed by a merger of the Hungarian Communist Party (MKP) and the Social Democratic Party of Hungary (MSZDP).Neubauer, John, and Borbála Zsuzsanna Török. The Exile and Return of Writers from East-Central Europe: A Compendium'. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2009. p. 140 Ostensibly a union of equals, the merger had actually occurred as a result of massive pressure brought to bear on the Social Democrats by both the Hungarian Communists, as well as the Soviet Union. The few independent-minded Social Democrats who had not been sidelined by Communist salami tactics were pushed out in short order after the merger, leaving the party as essentially the MKP under a new name. Other minor legal Hungarian political parties were allowed to continue as independent coalition parties until late 1949 but were completely subservient to the MDP. Its leader was Mátyás Rá ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Social Democratic Party
The Social Democratic Party of Hungary (, , MSZDP) is a social democratic political party in Hungary. Historically, the party was dissolved during the occupation of Hungary by Nazi Germany (1944–1945) and the communist period of Hungary from 1948 to 1989, after being forced into a merger with the Communist Party. It worked legally for a short time during the Revolution of 1956. It was a government party as a part of the Károlyi Government (1918–1919), Berinkey Government, Peidl Government (1919), Interim National Assembly (1944–1945) and Dinnyés Government (1947–1948). It was reorganized after Hungary's transition from communism in 1989. MSZDP used to be a member of the Socialist International and the Party of European Socialists until 2020, when it was delisted from both due to inactivity. Overview Hungary as part of Austria-Hungary: *1868–1890 The ''General Workers Association'' (''Általános Munkásegylet'') *1890–1918 The ''Social Democratic Party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sándor Lezsák
Sándor Lezsák (born 30 October 1949) is a Hungarian poet, teacher and politician. Between 2 April 2012 and 10 May 2012, Lezsák was temporarily the Speaker of the National Assembly of Hungary, as the resignation of Pál Schmitt led to Speaker László Kövér becoming acting President of Hungary. Once again Lezsák 26 February 2024 to 5 March 2024 temporarily became the speaker of the National Assembly, as the resignation of Katalin Novák led Speaker László Kövér becoming acting President of Hungary. Teaching and literary career He was born in Kispest on 30 October 1949. He graduated Madách Imre Secondary School, Budapest in 1968. Between 1969 and 1974 he worked as a support teacher in the school for children living in farmsteads in the Lakitelek area. He graduated in Hungarian literature and language and history from the Szeged Teacher Training College in 1975. He was a primary school teacher from 1974. He worked as a desk officer for, and led the drama group of, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Népszava
''Népszava'' (, meaning "People's Voice" in English) is a social-democratic Hungarian language newspaper published in Hungary. History and profile ''Népszava'' is Hungary's eldest continuous print publication and as of October 2019 the last and only remaining liberal, social democratic political daily in the country. ''Népszava'' was established in 1873 in Budapest by Viktor Külföldi. It was the official newspaper of the Hungarian Social Democratic Party until 1948 when Hungary became a communist state. During this period two of ''Népszava'''s editors in chief were murdered: :hu:Somogyi Béla, Béla Somogyi (along with reporter Béla Bacsó) in 1920 by right wing officers and :hu:Mónus Illés, Illés Mónus in 1944 by members of the Hungarian Nazi Arrow Cross Party militia. During the period of the Hungarian People's Republic between 1948 and 1989, it was the official newspaper of Hungarian trade unions. In 1990 it was privatized. Its publisher, the entrepreneur :hu:Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heti Világgazdaság
HVG (formerly called ''Heti Világgazdaság''; , ) has been Hungary’s leading economic and political weekly both in terms of circulation and readership since it was founded in 1979. It is closely modeled on ''The Economist'' in style and content. As a regular source of news and information, ''HVG'' has a significant influence on business decision makers and other stakeholder groups. Its editorial office is in Budapest Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul .... ''HVG'' provides information about domestic and international politics, economy and society. ''HVG'' has an online news portal, which is available on all platforms: mobile, tablet, android and iOS applications. With its news and analyses, HVG reaches more than 1.5 million people every week on its various print an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Hungary
The Fundamental Law of Hungary (), the country's constitution, was adopted by parliament on 18 April 2011, promulgated by the president a week later and entered into force on 1 January 2012. It is Hungary's first constitution adopted within a democratic framework and following free elections. The document succeeded the 1949 Constitution, originally adopted at the creation of the Hungarian People's Republic on 20 August 1949 and heavily amended on 23 October 1989. The 1949 Constitution was Hungary's first permanent written constitution and, until it was replaced, Hungary was the only former Eastern Bloc nation without an entirely new constitution after the end of communism. Both domestically and abroad, the 2011 constitution has been the subject of controversy. Among the claims critics make are that it was adopted without sufficient input from the opposition and society at large, that it reflects the ideology of the ruling Fidesz party, and enshrines it in office, that it is r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
László Sólyom
László Sólyom (, ; 3 January 1942 – 8 October 2023) was a Hungarian politician, lawyer, and librarian who was President of Hungary from 2005 until 2010. Previously he was the first president of the Constitutional Court of Hungary from 1990 to 1998. A prominent jurist and pro-democracy activist, Sólyom became the first president of the Constitutional Court at a time when the country was in the final years of its democratic transition after Hungarian People's Republic, decades of communist rule. During his mandate, the Court declared the Capital punishment in Hungary, death penalty unconstitutional, strengthened the protection of freedom of expression and conscience, and legitimated the domestic partnerships of homosexuals. Later, 2005 Hungarian presidential election, in 2005, he was elected president of Hungary, a largely ceremonial position, as an independent candidate. He held this office until 2010. Early life László Sólyom was born on 3 January 1942 in Pécs, Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
