|
LuxCSD
Clearstream or the Clearstream Group is the central securities depository arm of the Deutsche Börse Group. It provides settlement (finance), settlement and custody as well as other related services for securities across all asset classes. Its subsidiary in Luxembourg, Clearstream Banking SA, is one of two world-leading International central securities depositories (ICSDs), the other one being Euroclear Bank. Both the main German national CSD, Clearstream Banking AG, and the national CSD of Luxembourg, LuxCSD, are also part of Clearstream. Clearstream Banking AG and Clearstream Banking SA are held via intermediate holding company Clearstream Holding AG. As of 2017, Clearstream had around 2,500 customers in 110 countries. The name "Clearstream" is often misinterpreted as indicating a Clearing (finance), clearing activity of the Clearstream Group, which is not the case as the clearing arm of Deutsche Börse is a separate entity, Eurex Clearing. This confusion comes from the name ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Securities Depository
A central securities depository (CSD) is a specialized financial market infrastructure organization holding securities such as shares or bonds, either in certificated or uncertificated ( dematerialized) form, allowing ownership to be easily transferred through a book entry rather than by a transfer of physical certificates. This allows brokers and financial companies to hold their securities at one location where they can be available for clearing and settlement. In recent decades this has usually been done electronically, making it much faster and easier than was traditionally the case where physical certificates had to be exchanged after a trade had been completed. In some cases these organizations also carry out centralized comparison and transaction processing such as clearing and settlement of securities transfers, securities pledges, and securities freezes. In modern corporate debt markets, investors achieve collateralization through CSDs. The CSDs operate as trustee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurex Clearing
Eurex Exchange is a German derivatives exchange which primarily offers trading in European based derivatives. The products traded on this exchange vary from German and Swiss debt instruments to European stocks and various stock indexes. All transactions executed on Eurex Exchange are cleared through Eurex Clearing, which functions as a central counterparty (CCP) for multi-asset class clearing of the above-mentioned exchange-traded product range as well as over-the-counter traded products. , in the Futures Industry Association’s annual survey, Eurex Exchange was ranked as the world's third-largest derivatives exchange by contract volume. The Exchange is headquartered in Eschborn, Germany, near Frankfurt am Main, and it is operated by Eurex Frankfurt AG and Eurex Zürich AG, which are public companies wholly owned by the German stock exchange operator Deutsche Börse AG. History In the 1990s, Europe went through a power shift in its financial sector. London (LIFFE, London Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Bundesbank
The Deutsche Bundesbank (, , colloquially Buba, sometimes alternatively abbreviated as BBk or DBB) is the National central bank (Eurosystem), national central bank for Germany within the Eurosystem. It was the German central bank from 1957 to 1998, issuing the Deutsche Mark (DM). It succeeded the Bank deutscher Länder, which had introduced the DM on 20 June 1948. The Bundesbank was the first central bank to be given full independence, leading this form of central bank to be referred to as the "Bundesbank model", as opposed, for instance, to the "New Zealand model", which has a goal (i.e. inflation target) set by the government. The Bundesbank was greatly respected for its control of inflation through the second half of the 20th century. This made the German Mark one of the most respected currencies, and the Bundesbank gained substantial indirect influence in many European countries. As of 2023, its balance sheet total was €2.516 trillion, making it the 4th largest central bank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monetary Authority Of Singapore
The Monetary Authority of Singapore or (MAS), is the central bank and financial regulatory authority of Singapore. It administers the various statutes pertaining to money, banking, insurance, securities and the financial sector in general, as well as currency issuance and manages the foreign-exchange reserves. It was established in 1971 to act as the banker to and as a financial agent of the Government of Singapore. The body is duly accountable to the Parliament of Singapore through the Minister-in-charge, who is also the Incumbent Chairman of the central bank. In May 2025 the fund had US$629 billion in assets under management. History The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) was founded in on with authority to regulate and supervise banking and finance in Singapore. It coexisted with the Board of Commissioners of Currency, Singapore established in 1967 to issue the city-state's currency, with which it eventually merged in 2002. Prior its establishment, its roles were p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Financial Supervisory Authority
The Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (), better known by its abbreviation BaFin, is Germany's integrated financial regulatory authority. Since 2014, it has been Germany's national competent authority within European Banking Supervision. It is an independent federal institution with headquarters in Bonn and Frankfurt and falls under the supervision of the Federal Ministry of Finance. BaFin supervises about 2,700 banks, 800 financial services institutions, and over 700 insurance undertakings. History 1930s beginnings Prudential banking supervision in Germany essentially started as a consequence of the banking crisis of 1931, prior to which the only supervised credit institutions were the public savings banks. On , a decree established the office of (), for which Chancellor Heinrich Brüning appointed . In 1934, this was transformed into the , by new comprehensive banking legislation ( of ). Initially the Reichsbank was associated with the supervisory process throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission De Surveillance Du Secteur Financier
The (CSSF) is the main financial regulatory authority in Luxembourg. Since 2014, it has been the country's national competent authority within European Banking Supervision. The CSSF is also responsible for the supervision of experts in the financial sector, investment companies, pension funds, regulated securities markets and their operators, multilateral trading facilities and payment institutions, and is the competent authority for the public auditor oversight. History The CSSF took over the duties of the former Commissariat aux Bourses and of the Institut Monétaire Luxembourgeois (IML), which on 1 June 1998, became the Banque centrale du Luxembourg (BCL). Structure General organisation Beside the Executive board, the CSSF consists of: * Executive Board secretariat * General secretariat * PFS application guidance and regulation * Legal department * On-site inspection * Public oversight of the audit profession * Accounting, auditing and transparency * UCI depart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Market Infrastructure Regulation
The European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR) is an EU regulation aimed at reducing systemic counterparty and operational risk and thereby preventing future financial system collapses. Its focus is regulation of over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories. It provides steer on reporting of derivative contracts, implementation of risk management standards and common rules for central counterparties and trade repositories. The regulation was initially adopted in 2012 and an amended version, the EMIR Refit regulation, was later on adopted in 2019. Overview The European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR) is EU regulation for over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories. EMIR was introduced by the European Union (EU) as implementation of the G20 commitment to reduce systemic, counterparty and operational risk, and increase transparency in the OTC derivatives market. It was also designed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Derivative (finance)
In finance, a derivative is a contract between a buyer and a seller. The derivative can take various forms, depending on the transaction, but every derivative has the following four elements: # an item (the "underlier") that can or must be bought or sold, # a future act which must occur (such as a sale or purchase of the underlier), # a price at which the future transaction must take place, and # a future date by which the act (such as a purchase or sale) must take place. A derivative's value depends on the performance of the underlier, which can be a commodity (for example, corn or oil), a financial instrument (e.g. a stock or a bond), price index, a price index, a currency, or an interest rate. Derivatives can be used to insure against price movements (Hedge (finance)#Etymology, hedging), increase exposure to price movements for speculation, or get access to otherwise hard-to-trade assets or markets. Most derivatives are price guarantees. But some are based on an event or p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Bank Of Luxembourg
The Central Bank of Luxembourg ( , BCL; ; ) is the national central bank for Luxembourg within the Eurosystem. It was founded for that purpose in 1998, and also succeeded the Institut Monétaire Luxembourgeois in some of the latter's mandates. Former IML Management * Pierre Jaans (Director General of IML 1983–1998) * Raymond Kirsch (President of IML 1985–1998) Governors BCL * Yves Mersch (1998–2013) * Gaston Reinesch (since 2013) See also * List of banks in Luxembourg *Economy of Luxembourg *Luxembourgish franc * List of central banks References * Ernest Mühlen, ''Monnaie et circuits financiers au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg'', Université Internationale de Sciences Comparées, Luxembourg, 1968. * Roger Croisé, René Link, ''La législation monétaire au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg de 1815 à nos jours'', Edition Lux-Numis, Luxembourg,1988, 639 p. External links Official site of Banque centrale du Luxembourg [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
