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Ludwik Maria Łubieński
Ludwik Maria Łubieński, comte de Pomian (6 May 1912, Kazimierza Wielka - 22 January 1996, London) was a Polish lawyer, diplomat and military officer. He was Head of the Polish Maritime Mission in Gibraltar during World War II and an eyewitness of the air disaster whose victim was the Polish wartime Premier and military leader, Władysław Sikorski. After the war, he became an expatriate official in Munich and London. Background From an old Polish noble and accomplished family, Łubieński's parents were , landowner and diplomat member of the Polish delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), and his second wife, Leopoldyna Hutten-Czapska, sister of the military officer and artist, Józef Czapski. He was the youngest son of four children born on the family estate in Kazimierza Wielka. He married Elżbieta Tyszkiewicz, with whom he had three children after the war in England. They were: Róża, whose stage name is Rula Lenska, Gabriela and Anna. The family settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazimierza Wielka
Kazimierza Wielka () is a town in southern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, about northeast of Kraków. It is the administrative seat of Kazimierza County. With a population of 5,848 (2005), it is the smallest county seat in Poland. Kazimierza Wielka is located in Lesser Poland Upland and historically belongs to the province of Lesser Poland. For most of its history, it was a village, and did not receive its town charter until 1959. History The first mention of the village dates from 1320 during the reign of Władysław I Łokietek. At that time, its name was spelled Cazimiria and it belonged to the Kazimierski family. In the Kingdom of Poland, Kazimierza Wielka was located in the Proszowice County in the Krakow Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province, while neighboring Kazimierza Mała belonged to Wiślica County of Sandomierz Voivodeship. In the 1560s, Kazimierza Wielka was one of centers of the Polish Brethren. At the end of the 18th century, the estate was the pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
The Paris Peace Conference was a set of formal and informal diplomatic meetings in 1919 and 1920 after the end of World War I, in which the victorious Allies set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers. Dominated by the leaders of Britain, France, the United States and Italy, the conference resulted in five treaties that rearranged the maps of Europe and parts of Asia, Africa and the Pacific Islands, and also imposed financial penalties. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and the other losing nations were not given a voice in the deliberations; this later gave rise to political resentments that lasted decades. The arrangements made by this conference are considered one of the greatest watersheds of 20th century geopolitical history which would lead to World War II. The conference involved diplomats from 32 countries and nationalities. Its major decisions were the creation of the League of Nations and the five peace treaties with the defeated states. Main arrangements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Government-in-exile
The Polish government-in-exile, officially known as the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile (), was the government in exile of Poland formed in the aftermath of the Invasion of Poland of September 1939, and the subsequent Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany, Germany, the Soviet Union, and the Slovak Republic (1939-1945), Slovak Republic, which brought to an end the Second Polish Republic. Despite the occupation of Poland by hostile powers, the government-in-exile exerted considerable influence in Poland during World War II through the structures of the Polish Underground State and its military arm, the Armia Krajowa (Home Army) resistance. Abroad, under the authority of the government-in-exile, Polish military units that had escaped the occupation fought under their own commanders as part of Allies of World War II, Allied forces in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. After the war, as the Polish territory came under the control o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Sikorski's Death Controversy
Władysław Sikorski's death controversy revolves around the death of the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and Prime Minister of the Polish government in exile, General Władysław Sikorski, in the 1943 B-24 crash in Gibraltar. Sikorski's B-24 Liberator, Liberator II crashed off Gibraltar almost immediately after takeoff, with the plane's pilot being the only survivor. The catastrophe, while officially classified as an accident, has led to several conspiracy theory, conspiracy theories that persist to this day, and often propose that the crash was an assassination, which has variously been blamed as a German, Soviet, British and even Polish conspiracy. The incident is still described by some historians as mysterious and was investigated by the Polish Institute of National Remembrance. They concluded that the injuries sustained were consistent with a plane crash and that there was not enough evidence to support or reject the theory that the plane was deliberately sabotaged. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerizay Officer Center
The Cerizay Officer Center (Polish: Ośrodek Oficerski w Cerizay) was a detention center for officers of the Polish Army, who managed to reach France after the September 1939 Invasion of Poland. It was formed by Polish Minister of Military Affairs, on November 22, 1939. Located in the commune of Cerizay, western France, the office housed the surplus of Polish Army officers, who had not been attached to any units during the period of reorganization of the Polish Armed Forces. Furthermore, it served as a detention center for those officers, who were blamed for the September 1939 disaster (most of them were political opponents of General Władysław Sikorski). Commonly known as ''Wisniowiec'' (this name referred to the infamous prison at Nowy Wiśnicz), the center existed until the German invasion of France. First transport of 50 Polish generals and officers was sent to Cerizay on November 24, 1939. The maximum number of people kept at the center was app. 100. All of them had to repor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
