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Lowline Cattle
The Australian Lowline is a modern Australian breed of small, polled beef cattle. It was the result of a selective breeding experiment using black Aberdeen Angus cattle at the Agricultural Research Centre of the Department of Agriculture of New South Wales at Trangie. It is among the smallest breeds of cattle, but is not a dwarf breed. History In 1929 the Department of Agriculture of New South Wales started an Aberdeen Angus herd at the Agricultural Research Centre at Trangie with stock imported from Canada. Various additions to the herd were made, from Canada, from the United States, from the United Kingdom and from other herds in Australia, until the herd-book was closed in 1964. From about this time, various research projects were conducted at Trangie. In 1974 an investigation of the correlation between growth rate and profitability, and of whether feed conversion efficiency was higher in large or in small animals fed on grass, was begun. In the study, three separate he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beef
Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle (''Bos taurus''). Beef can be prepared in various ways; Cut of beef, cuts are often used for steak, which can be cooked to varying degrees of doneness, while trimmings are often Ground beef, ground or minced, as found in most hamburgers. Beef contains protein, iron, and vitamin B12. Along with other kinds of red meat, high consumption is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and coronary heart disease, especially when processed meat, processed. Beef has a high Environmental impact of meat production, environmental impact, being a primary driver of deforestation with the highest greenhouse gas emissions of any agricultural product. In prehistoric times, humans hunted aurochs and later domesticated them. Since that time, numerous beef cattle, breeds of cattle have been Selective breeding, bred specifically for the quality or quantity of their meat. Today, beef is the third most widely consumed meat in the world, aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feed Conversion Efficiency
In animal husbandry, feed conversion ratio (FCR) or feed conversion rate is a ratio or rate measuring of the efficiency with which the bodies of livestock convert animal feed into the desired output. For dairy cows, for example, the output is milk, whereas in animals raised for meat (such as beef cows,Dan Shike, University of IllinoiBeef Cattle Feed Efficiency/ref> pigs, chickens, and fish) the output is the flesh, that is, the body mass gained by the animal, represented either in the final mass of the animal or the mass of the dressed output. FCR is the mass of the input divided by the output (thus mass of feed per mass of milk or meat). In some sectors, feed efficiency, which is the output divided by the input (i.e. the inverse of FCR), is used. These concepts are also closely related to efficiency of conversion of ingested foods (ECI). Background Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is the ratio of inputs to outputs; it is the inverse of "feed efficiency" which is the ratio of output ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marbling (beef)
Marbled meat is meat that contains various amounts of intramuscular fat, giving it an appearance similar to marble. The term is principally applied to red meat. Key terms ''Beef quality grades'' - are based on a composite evaluation of the degrees of (1) marbling and (2) maturity. These designations reflect carcass firmness, texture, and color of lean, and the amount and distribution of marbling within the lean. High grades represent high projected levels of tenderness, juiciness, and flavor. ''Marbling'' - is the intermingling or dispersion of intramuscular fat within the lean. Graders evaluate the amount and distribution of marbling in the ribeye muscle at the cut surface after the carcass has been ribbed between the 12th and 13th ribs. Degree of marbling is the primary determination of quality grade. ''Maturity'' - refers to the physiological age of the animal rather than the chronological age. Because the chronological age is virtually never known, physiological maturity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calf (animal)
A calf (: calves) is a young domestic cow or bull. Calves are reared to become adult cattle or are slaughtered for their meat, called veal, and their Calfskin, hide. Terminology "Calf" is the term used from birth to weaning, when it becomes known as a ''weaner'' or ''weaner calf'', though in some areas the term "calf" may be used until the animal is a wiktionary:yearling, yearling. The birth of a calf is known as ''calving''. A calf that has lost its mother is an orphan calf, also known as a ''poddy'' or ''poddy-calf'' in British. ''Bobby calves'' are young calves which are to be slaughtered for human consumption. A ''vealer'' is a calf weighing less than about which is at about eight to nine months of age. A young female calf from birth until she has had a calf of her own is called a ''heifer'' (). In the American Old West, a motherless or small, runty calf was sometimes referred to as a dodie. Early development Calves may be produced by natural means, or by artificial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Udder
An udder is an organ formed of two or four mammary glands on the females of dairy animals and ruminants such as cattle, goats, and sheep. An udder is equivalent to the breast in primates, elephantine pachyderms and other mammals. The udder is a single mass hanging beneath the animal, consisting of pairs of mammary glands with protruding teats. In cattle, camels and deer, there are normally two pairs, in sheep and goats, there is one pair, and in some animals, there are many pairs. In animals with udders, the mammary glands develop on the milk line near the groin. Mammary glands that develop on the chest (such as in primates and elephants) are generally referred to as breasts. Udder care and hygiene in cows is important in milking, aiding uninterrupted and untainted milk production, and preventing mastitis. Products exist to soothe the chapped skin of the udder. This helps prevent bacterial infection, and reduces irritation during milking by the cups, and so the cow is less ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrotum
In most terrestrial mammals, the scrotum (: scrotums or scrota; possibly from Latin ''scortum'', meaning "hide" or "skin") or scrotal sac is a part of the external male genitalia located at the base of the penis. It consists of a sac of skin containing the external spermatic fascia, testicles, epididymides, and vasa deferentia. The scrotum will usually tighten when exposed to cold temperatures. The scrotum is homologous to the labia majora in females. Structure In regards to humans, the scrotum is a suspended two-chambered sac of skin and muscular tissue containing the testicles and the lower part of the spermatic cords. It is located behind the penis and above the perineum. The perineal raphe is a small, vertical ridge of skin that expands from the anus and runs through the middle of the scrotum front to back. The scrotum is also a distention of the perineum and carries some abdominal tissues into its cavity including the testicular artery, testicular vein, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DAD-IS
DAD-IS is the acronym for the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System, a tool developed and maintained by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as a part of its programme for management of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture. It includes a searchable database of information on animal breeds. Overview The FAO began to collect data on animal breeds in 1982. The first version of DAD-IS was launched in 1996 and the software has been updated several times; the fourth version was launched in 2017. DAD-IS includes a searchable database of information about animal breeds, the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources. It contains information on breed characteristics, uses, geographic distribution and demographics; more than images; and tools for generating user-defined reports; and has a multilingual interface and content. It also provides contact information for the national and regional coordinators for the programme. Data is collected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breeders' Association
Breed clubs are associations or clubs with activities centered on a single, specific breed of a particular species of domesticated animal. The purpose of the association will vary with the species of animal and the goals and needs of the members of the association. Breed associations or clubs may vary in their goals, activities and nomenclature from country to country, even for the same breed. Most domesticated animals, whether they are agricultural animals such as cattle, llamas, poultry, sheep and pigs, or companion animals such as pigeons, horses, cats and dogs, have breed clubs associated with the breed. Purpose In general, breed clubs and associations create a written definition of the breed (called a breed standard) for the breed with which the organization is associated. Breed clubs also maintain important records, and provide members with information. Many breed associations also have a social component, organising various activities such as shows. In addition, they may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamilton, Victoria
Hamilton is a city in south-western Victoria, Australia, Victoria, Australia, at the intersection of the Glenelg Highway and the Henty Highway. The Hamilton Highway connects it to Geelong. Hamilton is in the Australian House of Representatives, federal Division of Wannon, and is in the Shire of Southern Grampians, Southern Grampians Local Government Areas of Victoria, local government area. Hamilton claims to be the ''"Wool Capital of the World"'', based on its strong historical links to sheep grazing which continue today. The city uses the tagline "Greater Hamilton: one place, many possibilities". History Early history Hamilton was built near the junction of three traditional Indigenous Australians, indigenous tribal territories—the Gunditjmara land, stretching south to the coast; the Tjapwurong land, to the north east; and the Bunganditj territory, to the west. People who lived in these areas tended to be settled rather than nomadic. The region is fertile, with ample precip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glen Innes, New South Wales
Glen Innes is a parish and town on the Northern Tablelands, in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the centre of the Glen Innes Severn Shire Council. The town is located at the intersection of the New England Highway and the Gwydir Highway. At the 2016 census, Glen Innes had a population of 6,155. History The original owners of Glen Innes and surrounding areas are the Ngarabal people.MacPherson, J. (1905). Ngarrabul and other Aboriginal tribes. Proceedings of the Linnean Society, 29, 677-684 The Ngarabal name of the township of Glen Innes is Gindaaydjin, meaning "plenty of big round stones on clear plains". The arrival of European settlers saw the significant disruption of the life of Ngarabal people. Many Ngarabal people continue to live in the Glen Innes area, still practising many aspects of their traditional culture and way of life.AMBS (2010). Glen Innes Severn LGA Aboriginal Heritage Study. Consultancy report to Glen Innes Servern Council. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herd-book
A breed registry, also known as a herdbook, studbook or register, in animal husbandry, the hobby of animal fancy, is an official list of animals within a specific breed whose parents are known. Animals are usually registered by their breeders while they are young. The terms studbook and register are also used to refer to lists of male animals "standing at stud", that is, those animals actively breeding, as opposed to every known specimen of that breed. Such registries usually issue certificates for each recorded animal, called a pedigree, pedigreed animal documentation, or most commonly, an animal's "papers". Registration papers may consist of a simple certificate or a listing of ancestors in the animal's background, sometimes with a chart showing the lineage. Types of registries There are breed registries and breed clubs for several species of animal, such as dogs, horses, cows and cats. The ''European Association of Zoos and Aquaria'' (EAZA) and the US ''Association of Zoos and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polled Livestock
Polled livestock are livestock without horns in species which are normally horned. The term refers to both breeds and strains that are naturally polled through selective breeding and also to naturally horned animals that have been disbudded. Natural polling occurs in cattle, yaks, water buffalo, and goats, and in these animals it affects both sexes equally; in sheep, by contrast, both sexes may be horned, both polled, or only the females polled. The history of breeding polled livestock starts about 6000 years BC. Terminology The archaic term or is sometimes used to refer to hornless livestock (especially cattle) in folk songs, folk tales, and poetry, and in the name of the polled Irish Moiled cattle breed. "Muley" derives from Irish and Scottish Gaelic ''maol'', and Welsh ''moel''. Genetics In cattle, the polled allele is genetically dominant to that for horns. The polled trait is far more common in beef breeds than in dairy breeds. CRISPR technology is being develope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
