|
Louis Laurent De Féderbe, Count Of Modave
Louis Laurent de Féderbe, Count of Modave, also known as Fayd'herbe de Maudave or just Comte de Modave, was a French soldier and nobleman. He was born on June 25, 1725 at the Château de Fayet in Barraux, in the department of Isère, as the son of Jean Charles Nicolas Féderbe, Count of Modave (or Maudave) and Marie Thérèse Maniquet du Fayet, from old noble families of Dauphiné. Starting a military career at a young age, he traveled to the Indian subcontinent in 1757, at a time of increasing European involvement in the region through the activities of the French and English East India Companies. He spent several years in India and authored memoirs, published posthumously, where he commented on the political situation of his time and the role of European powers in it, making him one of the first chroniclers of Indian-European relations. He died on December 22, 1777 in the city of Machilipatnam. Biography Louis Laurent de Féderbe was a cultured and adventurous man, a lover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barraux
Barraux () is a Commune in France, commune in the Isère Departments of France, department in southeastern France. It includes the hamlets of Le Fayet, La Gache, and the 15th century fort, Fort Barraux. Location Barraux has the village of Chapareillan to the north; La Buissiere, Le Boissieu and La Flachere to the south; Pontcharra to the east and Sainte-Marie-du-Mont, on the Plateau des Petites Roches to the west. It is situated in the valley of the Gresivaudan through which the Isère river flows. Population The inhabitants of Barraux are called Barrolins. History (the village) The village of Barraux was probably founded as part of the supply chain to feed the fort Barraux built by Charles Emmanuel II to act as a border fort. In 1985, the fort was given back to the village of Barraux by the French army. History (the fort) Fort Saint Barthélémy Fort Saint Barthélémy (eventually Fort Barraux) is the oldest fort using bastions in France. It was built in 1597 and its aspe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Fort St Philip (1756)
The siege of Fort St Philip, also known as the siege of Minorca, took place from 20 April to 29 June 1756 during the Seven Years' War. Ceded to Great Britain in 1714 by Spain following the War of the Spanish Succession, its capture by France threatened the British naval position in the Western Mediterranean and it was returned after the Treaty of Paris (1763). Background The Spanish island of Menorca was captured by the British in 1708 during the War of the Spanish Succession and along with Gibraltar ceded to Great Britain under the 1714 Treaty of Utrecht. Although considered vital for control of the Western Mediterranean, it was also extremely vulnerable, since the Spanish deeply resented British occupation, while it was only two days sail from Cádiz, and one from the French naval base at Toulon. Attempts by William Blakeney, Lieutenant governor of Menorca and commander of the garrison of Fort St Philip, to reduce local opposition by encouraging his troops to marry local wom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agra
Agra ( ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow. With a population of roughly 1.6 million, Agra is the fourth-most populous city in Uttar Pradesh and List of cities in India by population, twenty-third most populous city in India. Agra's notable historical period began during Sikandar Khan Lodi's reign, but the golden age of the city began with the Mughals in the early 16th century. Agra was the foremost city of the Indian subcontinent and the capital of the Mughal Empire under Mughal emperors Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan. Under Mughal rule, Agra became a centre for learning, arts, commerce, and religion, and saw the construction of the Agra Fort, Sikandra, Agra, Sikandra and Agra's most prized monument, the Taj Mahal, constructed between 1632 and 1648 by Shah Jahan in remembrance of his wife Mumtaz Mahal. With the decline ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Reinhardt Sombre
Walter Reinhardt Sombre (born Walter Reinhardt or Reinert; ) was a European adventurer and mercenary in India from the 1760s. Early life Sombre is thought to have been born in Strasbourg or Treves. His birthplace and nationality, being given in various sources as Austrian, French, German, Luxemburger, or Swiss, are uncertain. Another version is that he was born in a village called Simmern near Trier (Treves). Only one location has documentary support as Walter Reinhard's birthplace in a Protestant church register: Eisenberg in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The register indicates he was born there on 27 January 1723. He grew up among the Sinti Family Pfisterer who spoke a language similar to Hindi until he was 14 and went to France. Career He entered early into the French Service assuming the name of Summer, but due to the darkness of his complexion, he received the French nickname Sombre. His nickname was a '' nom de guerre'' and is more commonly used for him in Indian sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nabob
A nabob is a conspicuously wealthy man deriving his fortune in the east, especially in India during the 18th century with the privately held East India Company. Etymology ''Nabob'' is an Anglo-Indian term that came to English from Urdu, possibly from Hindustani ''nawāb''/''navāb'', borrowed into English during British colonial rule in India. It is possible this was via the intermediate Portuguese ''nababo'', the Portuguese having preceded the British in India. The word entered colloquial usage in England from 1612. Native Europeans used ''nabob'' to refer to those who returned from India after having made a fortune there. In late 19th century San Francisco, rapid urbanization led to an exclusive enclave of the rich and famous on the west coast who built large mansions in the Nob Hill neighborhood. This included prominent tycoons such as Leland Stanford, founder of Stanford University and other members of The Big Four who were known as ''nabobs'', which was shortened ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René-Marie Madec
René-Marie Madec (February 7, 1736 – 1784), called Medoc in Anglo-Indian writings, was a French adventurer in India. Madec was born at Quimper in Brittany to poor parents. Aged twelve, he embarked as ship's boy on a boat from Lorient heading for the island of Hispaniola (present day Dominican Republic). From there, he embarked for Pondichéry, a French trading post in India. Madec lived there for about twenty five years, sometimes a French corsair, sometimes a British corsair. He became a soldier under Joseph François Dupleix and sergeant under Lally-Tollendal. Being taken prisoner by the British, he enlisted in the Bengal army. Deserting with some of his companions shortly before the Battle of Buxar (1764), he became military instructor to various native princes, organizing successively the forces of Shuja-ud-Dowlah the Nawab of Oudh, and of the Jats and Rohillas. In 1772 he took service under the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, who gave him the title of Nawab, reserved to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vicente Bacallar
Vicente Bacallar y Sanna, 1st Marquess of San Felipe, later italianized into ''Vincenzo Bacallar Sanna'' (Cagliari – Sardinia, island now belonging to Italy, 6 February 1669 – The Hague (Netherlands), 11 June 1726), was a Sardinian nobleman, military officer, linguist, historian, politician and ambassador of the Spanish Empire. He was born to a noble Sardinian family when the kingdom of Sardinia was part of the Spanish crown. Biography He belonged to a noble Sardinian family originating from Valencia. When he was young, he probably fled to Spain, where he got an attentive military and policy education. He was appointed by Charles II of Spain governor of the Cape of Cagliari and Gallura and military governor of Sardinia. During the War of the Spanish Succession, when Sardinian aristocracy divided between Philip of Anjou (of the house of Bourbon) and Charles of Habsburg, Bacallar was loyal to the heir designated by Carles II, Philip of Anjou, who became king as Philip V. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort-Dauphin (Madagascar)
Fort-Dauphin (Malagasy Tolagnaro or Taolagnaro) is a city (''commune urbaine'') on the southeast coast of Madagascar. It is the capital of the Anosy Region and of the Taolagnaro District. It has been a port of local importance since the early 1500s. A new port, the Ehoala Port was built in 2006–2009. Fort-Dauphin was the first French settlement in Madagascar. History The bay of Fort-Dauphin was found by a Portuguese Captain in 1500. Fort Dauphin was founded on an Antanosy village, Taolankarana, in 1643 by the French East India Company who built a fort there named in honor of the crown prince, the future Louis XIV of France. It was settled by around a hundred colonists, who found themselves involved in the local politics. The poor trade results (some ebony and little more was obtained) hardly justified the difficulties of the settlers, who suffered from tropical illnesses and other problems. After a conflict with the Antanosy people, the survivors were evacuated in 1674. One ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, fourth largest island, the List of island countries, second-largest island country, and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 46th largest country overall. Its capital and List of cities in Madagascar, largest city is Antananarivo. Following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar split from Africa during the Early Jurassic period, around 180 million years ago, and separated from the Indian subcontinent approximately 90 million years ago. This isolation allowed native plants and animals to evolve in relative seclusion; as a result, Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot and one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries, with over 90% of its wildlife of Madagascar, wildlife being endemic. The island has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XV Of France
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defined as his 13th birthday) in 1723, the kingdom was ruled by his grand-uncle Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, as Régence, Regent of France. André-Hercule de Fleury, Cardinal Fleury was chief minister from 1726 until his death in 1743, at which time the king took sole control of the kingdom. His reign of almost 59 years (from 1715 to 1774) was the second longest in the history of France, exceeded only by his predecessor, Louis XIV, who had ruled for 72 years (from 1643 to 1715). In 1748, Louis returned the Austrian Netherlands, won at the Battle of Fontenoy of 1745. He ceded New France in North America to Great Britain and Spain at the conclusion of the disastrous Seven Years' War in 1763. He incorporated the territories of the Duchy of Lorr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voltaire
François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his ''Pen name, nom de plume'' Voltaire (, ; ), was a French Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment writer, philosopher (''philosophe''), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit and his criticism of Christianity (especially Criticism of the Catholic Church, of the Roman Catholic Church) and of slavery, Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state. Voltaire was a versatile and prolific writer, producing works in almost every literary form, including Stageplay, plays, poems, novels, essays, histories, and even scientific Exposition (narrative), expositions. He wrote more than 20,000 letters and 2,000 books and pamphlets. Voltaire was one of the first authors to become renowned and commercially successful internationally. He was an outspoken advocate of civil liberties and was at constant risk from the strict censorship laws of the Catholic French monarchy. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ezourvedam
The ''Ezourvedam'' is a forgery "consisting of certain 'Vedic' materials translated by Jesuits with the intention of isolating elements most in harmony with Christianity". Rather than being an original Sanskrit work, the ''Ezourvedam'' turned out to be a French text that was written by French Jesuits and meant to be translated into Sanskrit. History and authorship A manuscript called ''Ezourvedam'' was given to Voltaire in 1760 by Louis Laurent de Féderbe, Count of Modave. The text was in French, and said to be a French translation of a Sanskrit original. Voltaire was enthusiastic about the work, had it copied and brought it to the attention of others. However, by 1761, Voltaire regarded the text to be a mere commentary on the Vedas. It was first published in 1778 (Voltaire died that same year). The genuineness of the ''Ezourvedam'' was questioned in 1782; the doubts were confirmed in 1822. Rather than an original Sanskrit work, the ''Ezourvedam'' turned out to be a French tex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
