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Lost John's Cave
Lost Johns' Cave is an extensive cave system on Leck Fell, Lancashire, England. With its three major vertical routes (''Dome Route'', ''Centipede Route'' and ''Monastery Route'') it is a popular place to practise single-rope technique (SRT) because of the opportunity for exchange trips. Also it can be safely visited on wet days because many of the pitches can be rigged out of the water. It is an important part of the Three Counties System. All routes converge on Battleaxe Streamway. From here the usual route is to shuffle along ''Battleaxe Traverse'' at a high level protected by rope, and descend a safe distance from the water. From here a short passage and another pitch leads to ''Groundsheet Junction'' where the ''Leck Fell Master Cave'' is entered. Upstream leads to the high-level passages of ''Lyle Cavern'' and a connection with the Notts Pot system. The main streamway continues to the ''NPC Avens'', where Boxhead Pot and It's a Cracker enter the system. Downstream ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leck Fell
Leck Fell is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Lancashire, England. An area of typically heavily grazed open moorland of rough grass and remnant patches of heather with little or no tree cover, it is characterised by the virtual absence of surface drainage and an extensive subterranean drainage network resulting in cave systems and numerous sinkholes. It surrounds the high point of Gragareth between Leck Beck and Kingsdale. Since 1 August 2016, Leck Fell has been part of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The SSSI This site consists of a network of cave systems and their catchment areas, with Ease Gill Caverns being the longest cave system in Britain. There are fourteen major sinkholes through which surface water enters the system, with water returning to the surface at Leck Beck Head. The botanical interest of the site is due to the underlying Carboniferous Limestone, which appears above ground as features such as crags, limestone pavements, gorges and pot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lancashire
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated ''Lancs'') is a ceremonial county in North West England. It is bordered by Cumbria to the north, North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire to the east, Greater Manchester and Merseyside to the south, and the Irish Sea to the west. The largest settlement is Preston, Lancashire, Preston, and the county town is the city of Lancaster, Lancashire, Lancaster. The county has an area of and a population of 1,490,300. Preston is located near the centre of the county, which is urbanised and includes the towns of Blackburn and Burnley; the seaside resort of Blackpool lies to the west, and Lancaster, Lancashire, Lancaster is in the north. For Local government in England, local government purposes the county comprises a non-metropolitan county, with twelve districts, and two Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority areas: Blackburn with Darwen and Borough of Blackpool, Blackpool. Lancashire County Council and the two unitary councils collaborate through the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-rope Technique
The single-rope techniques (SRT) are a set of methods used to descend and ascend on the same single rope. Single-rope techniques are used in caving, potholing, rock climbing, canyoning, roped access for building maintenance, and by arborists for tree climbing, although to avoid confusion in the tree climbing community, many have taken to calling them "stationary" rope techniques. Single-rope techniques are used in contrast to double-rope techniques (DRT), also known as the moving-rope techniques. Historical developments In the 1930s, as caving became increasingly popular in France, several clubs in the Alps made vertical cave exploration an outdoor sport. During World War II, a team composed of Pierre Chevalier, Fernand Petzl, Charles Petit-Didier, and others explored the Dent de Crolles cave system near Grenoble, France, which became the deepest explored cave in the world (–658m) at that time. The lack of available equipment during the war forced Pierre Chevalier and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exchange Trips
Exchange or exchanged may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Film and television * Exchange (film), or ''Deep Trap'', 2015 South Korean psychological thriller * Exchanged (film), 2019 Peruvian fantasy comedy * Exchange (TV program), 2021 South Korean dating reality show Gaming * Exchange (chess), closely related captures of pieces of both players in chess **The exchange (chess), an exchange of a minor piece for a rook Music * Exchange, a new-age jazz band of Steve Sexton and Gerald O'Brien, and their 1992 self-titled album * ''Exchange'' (EP), by Against All Authority and The Criminals, 1999 * "Exchange" (song), by Bryson Tiller, 2015 * "Exchange" and "(Exchange)", songs on Massive Attack's 1998 album ''Mezzanine'' (album) Business and economics * Bureau de change, or currency exchange * Cryptocurrency exchange, to trade cryptocurrencies or digital currencies * Exchange (economics), in a market economy * Exchange (organized market), where securities etc are bought and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Counties System
The Three Counties System is a set of inter-connected limestone solutional cave systems spanning the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire and North Yorkshire in the north of England. The possibility of connecting a number of discrete cave systems in the area to create a single super-system that spans the county borders was first proposed by Dave Brook in 1968, and it was achieved in 2011. The system is currently about long, making it the longest in the UK and the thirty-fourth longest in the world, and there continues to be scope for considerably extending the system. Description The Three Counties System's most southerly entrance is currently North by North End Pot (, NGR SD 6830 7654) on the northerly flank of Kingsdale in North Yorkshire, and the most northerly entrance is currently Bull Pot of the Witches (, NGR SD 6623 8131) beneath Barbon Low Fell in Cumbria – a distance of over . Between the two, the system passes beneath Leck Fell which is in Lancashire. The system runs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notts Pot
Notts Pot is cave system on Leck Fell, Lancashire, England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It .... It is described as 'the most concentrated vertical maze in Britain'. References Caves of Lancashire Caves of the Three Counties System {{cave-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boxhead Pot
Boxhead Pot is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. It leads into the top end of Lost Johns' Cave, and is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system which spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The entrance is in a deep shakehole south of Lost Pot. A vertical pipe leads directly onto the top of a shaft which lands on an unstable boulder ledge. Below that a deep spacious shaft descends to the bottom of one of the two NPC Avens at the top end of Lost Johns' Cave ( Lost Pot enters from the second aven). Geology and hydrology The cave is a solutional cave formed in Visean Great Scar limestone from the Mississippian Series of the Carboniferous The Carboniferous ( ) is a Geologic time scale, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era that spans 60 million years, from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the ... period. Its development has been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lost Pot
Lost Pot is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. It leads into the top end of Lost Johns' Cave, and is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system which spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The entrance is in a cliff-lined fenced shakehole. An excavated deep shaft in the south-west corner of the shakehole leads into a chamber, where a further excavated shaft leads down for to an unstable boulder slope above a pitch. This drops into a high rift passage which passes under a high aven where ''It's a Cracker'' enters, and past an outlet passage down which the water flows. At the end of the rift, a small passage is the way through to the top of a pitch which drops into one of the two NPC Avens at the top end of Lost Johns' Cave (Boxhead Pot enters from the second aven). The entrance to Lost Pot is currently sealed. It's a Cracker () is a second entrance situated in a shakehole about south-west of Lost Pot. A deep excavat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rumbling Hole
Rumbling Hole is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. Its entrance is a deep fenced shaft, and it rapidly descends a series of pitches to a low aqueous passage that has been connected to Lost Johns' Cave. It is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system that spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The entrance shaft descends some , and the way on is through the water descending from Rumbling Beck Cave above into a fault passage. Four further pitches descend into a chamber to a low canal passage. Upstream gets too low after some 60 metres, but downstream has been forced round some awkward bends and through some ducks into Rumbling Hole Inlet in Lost Johns' Cave. This section of cave is about long. An alternative route begins from a passage entered a few metres below the west end of the entrance shaft. These passages are, in the main, tighter and more complex than the main route, but the main passage descends an alternative s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Death's Head Hole
Death's Head Hole is a cave on Leck Fell, in Lancashire, England. Its entrance is a deep shaft. It leads into Lost Johns' Cave and is part of the Three Counties System, an cave system which spans the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire, and North Yorkshire. Description The fenced entrance shaft descends some onto a loose boulder slope which leads to a second pitch of into the Main Chamber, a large chamber with a waterfall entering at the east end. An excavated deep scaffolded shaft in the bottom corner of the chamber soon leads into a stream passage some long which ends at a waterfall into the main Lost Johns' Master Cave about from its terminal sump. A climb up the waterfall in the Main Chamber enters East Passage, a well decorated phreatic passage with a misfit stream. It passes under an aven, and eventually lowers to a silted crawl after . The aven has been climbed for to a choked inlet. The stream enters East Passage from a low crawl after , called Dolphin Passage. Thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sump (cave)
A sump, or siphon, is a passage in a cave that is submerged under water. A sump may be static, with no inward or outward flow, or active, with continuous through-flow. Static sumps may also be connected underwater to an active stream passage. When short in length, a sump may be called a duck; however, this can also refer to a section or passage with some (minimal) airspace above the water. Depending on hydrological factors specific to a cave – such as the sea tide, changes in river flow, or the relationship with the local water table – sumps and ducks may fluctuate in water level and depth (and sometimes in length, due to the shape of adjacent passage). Exploration past a sump Diving Short sumps may be passed simply by holding one's breath while ducking through the submerged section (for example, Sump 1 in Swildon's Hole). This is known as "free diving" and can only be attempted if the sump is known to be short and not technically difficult (e.g. constricted or requirin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
