Lorette, Loire
Lorette () is a Communes of France, commune in the Loire (department), Loire Departments of France, department in central France, in the Gier valley. Geography Lorette lies in the valley of the Gier (river), Gier, a coal mining region, on the south bank of the Giers just east of La Grand-Croix. The Dorlay river, a tributary of the Gier (river), Gier that rises in Mont Pilat, defines the west border of the commune. History The region was developed in the 19th century for coal mining. In 1830 the Jackson brothers (Frères Jackson) built a steel works at Assailly in what is now the north of Lorette. As a result of a merger, in 1854 this became part of the Compagnie des Hauts-fourneaux, forges et aciéries de la Marine et des chemins de fer, based in Rive-de-Gier. Lorette was created on 27 April 1847 in response to the development of the steelworks, particularly that of the Jackson Brothers. It includes the old quarters of the municipalities of Saint-Paul-en-Jarez, Saint-Genis-Terren ...
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Communes Of France
A () is a level of administrative divisions of France, administrative division in the France, French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipality, municipalities in Canada and the United States; ' in Germany; ' in Italy; ' in Spain; or civil parishes in the United Kingdom. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlet (place), hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the Municipal arrondissem ...
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Rive-de-Gier
Rive-de-Gier (, literally ''Bank of Gier (river), Gier''; ) is a Communes of the Loire department, commune in the Loire (department), Loire Departments of France, department in central France. In 2020, with a population of 15,086 inhabitants and an area of 7.3 km², the population density is 2,058 inhabitants per km² It was an important center of Loire coal mining basin, glass making and iron and steel manufacture in the 19th century. In the late 20th century the town lost most of its heavy industries. Location Rive de Gier is Located in the Loire (department), Loire department, on the border of the Rhône (department), Rhône department, 25 km from Saint-Étienne, 38 km from Lyon and 11 km from the town of Saint-Chamond, Loire, Saint Chamond. The altitude of the city varies from 227 to 394 meters. The municipal territory is located above the Loire coal basin. Economy The median income of the municipality is 18,780 euros The poverty rate in 2020 is 23%. In 2020, the ...
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Jean Delay (bishop)
Jean Delay (14 November 1907, Bayonne – 29 May 1987, Paris) was a French psychiatrist, neurologist, writer, and a member of the Académie française (Chair 17). His assistant Pierre Deniker conducted a test of chlorpromazine on the male mental ward where Delay worked, and the two published their findings (quickly, with what has been called academic gamesmanship) in 1952. Chlorpromazine turned out to be the first effective drug treatment for mental illness and it had a profound effect on the mentally ill and mental asylums. In 1968–1970, student revolutionaries attacked his offices, and Delay was forced into retirement from medicine. In later life, he lived as a writer. Family and education The son of Maurice Delay, a successful surgeon and mayor of Bayonne, at age fourteen Delay earned a baccalaureate in philosophy. He studied medicine in Paris. After studying in hospitals for twenty years, especially the teaching of Pierre Janet and Georges Dumas, he turned to psychiatry. H ...
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Michel Corringe
Michel may refer to: * Michel (name), a given name or surname of French origin (and list of people with the name) * Míchel (nickname), a nickname (a list of people with the nickname, mainly Spanish footballers) * Míchel (footballer, born 1963), Spanish former footballer and manager * ''Michel'' (TV series), a Korean animated series * German auxiliary cruiser ''Michel'' * Michel catalog, a German-language stamp catalog * St. Michael's Church, Hamburg or Michel * S:t Michel, a Finnish town in Southern Savonia, Finland * ''Deutscher Michel'', a national personification of the German people People * Alain Michel (other), several people * Ambroise Michel (born 1982), French actor, director and writer. * André Michel (director), French film director and screenwriter * André Michel (lawyer), human rights and anti-corruption lawyer and opposition leader in Haiti * Anette Michel (born 1971), Mexican actress * Anneliese Michel (1952 - 1976), German Catholic woman underg ...
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Formula One
Formula One (F1) is the highest class of worldwide racing for open-wheel single-seater formula Auto racing, racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship has been one of the world's premier forms of motorsport since its 1950 Formula One season, inaugural running in 1950 and is often considered to be the pinnacle of motorsport. The word ''Formula racing, formula'' in the name refers to Formula One regulations, the set of rules all participant cars must follow. A Formula One season consists of a series of races, known as List of Formula One Grands Prix, Grands Prix. Grands Prix take place in multiple countries and continents on either purpose-built List of Formula One circuits, circuits or closed roads. A List of Formula One World Championship points scoring systems, points scoring system is used at Grands Prix to determine two annual World Championships: List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions, one ...
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Alain Prost
Alain Marie Pascal Prost (; born 24 February 1955) is a French former racing driver and motorsport executive, who competed in Formula One from to . Nicknamed "the Professor", Prost won four Formula One World Drivers' Championship titles and—at the time of his retirement—held the List of Formula One driver records, records for most List of Formula One Grand Prix winners, wins (51), List of Formula One drivers who set a fastest lap, fastest laps (41), and List of Formula One driver records#Total podium finishes, podium finishes (106). Born in Lorette, Loire, Prost began karting aged 14, winning the KF3, junior direct-drive Karting World Cup four years later, and progressing to junior formulae in 1976. Prost won his first title at the Formula Renault 2.0 West European Cup, Formula Renault National Championship that year, prior to winning the Formula Renault#Championships, Challenge de Formule Renault Europe in 1977. Replaced by the French Formula Three Championship the follow ...
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Étienne Rival
Étienne, a French analog of Stephen or Steven, is a masculine given name. An archaic variant of the name, prevalent up to the mid-17th century, is Estienne. Étienne, Etienne, Ettiene or Ettienne may refer to: People Artists and entertainers *Etienne Aigner (1904–2000), Hungarian-born German fashion designer *Étienne Chatiliez (born 1952), French film director *Étienne de Crécy (born 1969), French electronic music producer and DJ *Étienne Daho (born 1956), French singer, songwriter and record producer * Etienne Debel (1931–1993), Belgian actor and director *Étienne Doirat (c. 1675–1732), French furniture designer. *Étienne Maurice Falconet (1716–1791), French Rococo sculptor *Etienne Girardot (1856–1939), Anglo-French actor *Étienne Jodelle, seigneur de Limodin (1532–1573), French dramatist and poet *Étienne Loulié (1654–1702), French musician, pedagogue and musical theorist *Étienne Méhul (1763–1817), French composer *Étienne Moulinié (1599–1676), ...
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Farnay
Farnay () is a commune in the Loire department in central France. Population See also *Communes of the Loire department The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Genilac
Genilac () is a commune in the Loire department in central France. Population See also *Communes of the Loire department The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Saint-Paul-en-Jarez
Saint-Paul-en-Jarez () is a commune in the Loire department in central France. Geography The Dorlay river, a tributary of the Gier that rises in the Pilat massif, flows through the commune. Population Twin towns Saint-Paul-en-Jarez is twinned with: * Herbertingen, Germany See also *Communes of the Loire department The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Saint-Étienne Métropole
Saint-Étienne Métropole () is the ''métropole'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Saint-Étienne. It is located in the Loire department, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, central France. It was created in January 2018, replacing the previous ''Communauté urbaine Saint-Étienne Métropole''. Its area is 723.5 km2. Its population was 404,607 in 2018, of which 173,089 in Saint-Étienne proper.Comparateur de territoire
INSEE. 4 April 2022.

History

In 1995, Saint-Étienne Métropole was created as a communauté de communes, consisting of 22 communes. This was converted into a