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Loiyumba Shinyen
The Loiyumpa Silyel (Modern Meitei: "Loiyumba Sinyen"), also termed as the Loyumpa Silyel (Modern Meitei: "Loyumba Sinyen") or the Loiyumpa Shilyel (Modern Meitei: "Loiyumba Shinyen") or the Loyumpa Shilyel (Modern Meitei: "Loyumba Shinyen") or the Loyumba Sinyen (), is an 11th-12th century ancient Meitei language written constitution, regulated in the Ancient Kangleipak, Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur) during the rule of King Loiyumba (1074-1122 CE). In 1110 CE, its format was finalised from a promulgation of the proto-constitution, drafted in 429 CE by King Naophangba. Historically, it is the first written constitution, and one of the well recorded Ancient Meitei language texts of the kingdom. It was replaced by the Manipur State Constitution Act 1947, that was functional until Manipur was merged into Republic of India on October 15, 1949. It includes the accounts of the distribution of the duties to the subjects of the king. Its rules and regulations remains to be an author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Meitei
Meitei (; ) also known as Manipuri ), is a Tibeto-Burman language of northeast India. It is the official language and the lingua franca of Manipur and an additional official language in four districts of Assam. It is one of the scheduled languages of India, constitutionally scheduled official languages of the Indian Republic. Meitei is the most widely-spoken Tibeto-Burman languages, Tibeto-Burman language of India and the third most widely spoken language of northeast India after Assamese language, Assamese and Bengali language, Bengali. There are million States of India by Meitei speakers, Meitei native speakers in India according to the 2011 census, million of whom are found in the state of Manipur, where they represent the majority of its population. There are smaller communities in neighbouring Indian states, such as #Assam, Assam (), #Tripura, Tripura (), #Nagaland, Nagaland (), and elsewhere in the country (). The language is also spoken by smaller groups ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naophangba
Meidingu Naophangba () was a Meetei ruler of Ningthouja dynasty of Ancient Manipur ( Antique Kangleipak). He is the successor of Naokhamba and the predecessor of Sameiraang. He promulgated a proto-Constitution in 429 AD, which later grew into the Loyumba Shinyen, a written constitution in 1100 AD, during the reign of King Loyumba. He is one of the most outstanding figures in the history of Meitei architecture of Ancient Manipur. He laid the foundation stone of the Kangla, the "Namthak Sarongpung", which is the holiest place to the Manipuri ethnicity. During his reign, the coronation hall in the Kangla was inaugurated and a hog was sacrificed. According to the Loyumba Shinyen, he took command from Mangang Luwang Khuman for the administration of justice in the kingdom. According to the Chakparol, the ten villages of the Chakpas separated during his reign. It was right from his reign that the newcomers (immigrants) were assigned and admitted to the yek salai (clans) and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manipur Kingdom
The Manipur Kingdom, also known as Meckley, was an ancient kingdom at the India–Burma frontier. Historically, Manipur was an independent kingdom ruled by a Ningthouja dynasty, Meitei dynasty. But it was also invaded and ruled over by Konbaung dynasty, Burmese kingdom at various point of time. It became a protectorate of the British Company Rule in India, East India Company from 1824, and a princely state of British Raj in 1891. The princely state bordered the Assam Province in the west and British Burma in the east, and in the 20th century covered an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and contained 467 villages. The capital of the state was Imphal. Kangleipak State The early history of Manipur is composed of mythical narratives . The location of the Kangla Fort on the banks of the Imphal River is believed to be where King Pakhangba built his first palace. :simple:Loyumba Shinyen, Loyumba Shinyen, the written constitution of Kangleipak was formally dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magna Carta
(Medieval Latin for "Great Charter"), sometimes spelled Magna Charta, is a royal charter of rights agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Cardinal Stephen Langton, to make peace between the unpopular king and a group of rebel barons who demanded that the King confirm the Charter of Liberties, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift and impartial justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons. Neither side stood by their commitments, and the charter was annulled by Pope Innocent III, leading to the First Barons' War. After John's death, the regency government of his young son, Henry III, reissued the document in 1216, stripped of some of its more radical content, in an unsuccessful bid to build political support for their cause. At the end of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hammurabi
Hammurabi (; ; ), also spelled Hammurapi, was the sixth Amorite king of the Old Babylonian Empire, reigning from to BC. He was preceded by his father, Sin-Muballit, who abdicated due to failing health. During his reign, he conquered the city-states of Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari. He ousted Ishme-Dagan I, the king of Assyria, and forced his son Mut-Ashkur to pay tribute, bringing almost all of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule. Hammurabi is best known for having issued the Code of Hammurabi, which he claimed to have received from Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice. Unlike earlier Sumerian law codes, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu, which had focused on compensating the victim of the crime, the Law of Hammurabi was one of the first law codes to place greater emphasis on the physical punishment of the perpetrator. It prescribed specific penalties for each crime and is among the first codes to establish the presumption of innocence. They were intended to limit what a wronge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrus The Great
Cyrus II of Persia ( ; 530 BC), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Achaemenid dynasty (i. The clan and dynasty) Hailing from Persis, he brought the Achaemenid dynasty to power by defeating the Median Empire and embracing all of the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanding vastly across most of West Asia and much of Central Asia to create what would soon become the List of largest empires#Timeline of largest empires at the time, largest empire in history at the time. The Achaemenid Empire's greatest territorial extent was achieved under Darius the Great, whose rule stretched from Southeast Europe in the west to the Indus Valley in the east. After absorbing the Median Empire, Cyrus conquered Lydia and eventually the Neo-Babylonian Empire, granting him control of Anatolia and the Fertile Crescent, respectively. He also led a major expedition into Central Asia, where his army brought "into subjection every nation wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meitei Royal Etiquette
Meitei royal etiquette is the traditional system of conduct and ceremonial protocol observed in the royal court of the Meitei people (also known as Manipuris) of Kangleipak (Manipur Kingdom). It encompasses prescribed forms of speech, dress, posture, and behavior appropriate to interactions within the court. The etiquette reflects a hierarchical social structure and plays a role in maintaining order, respect, and continuity of Meitei culture, Meitei cultural practices. It has been transmitted through generations as part of the broader framework of Meitei court traditions, notably documented in the Loiyumpa Silyel.Manipur: Treaties & Documents. India: Mittal Publications, 1993. p. 7–11 State Duty of the Crown (Meitei Royal Protocol) In Meitei royal tradition, the duties and conduct of the sovereign are characterized by restraint and formality. Public audiences granted by the crown are infrequent, and official addresses are delivered rarely, typically no more than once or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meitei Culture
The culture of Meitei civilization evolved over thousands of years in what is now northeastern India and surrounding regions, beginning in Ancient Kangleipak, continuing most notably into Medieval Kangleipak, while influencing the neighboring states and kingdoms, till present times. Animals and birds Dogs are mentioned as friends or companions of human beings, in many ancient Meitei tales and texts. In many cases, when dogs died, they were given respect by performing elaborate death ceremonies, equal to that of human beings. Being wise is appreciated in Meitei society, but cunning is treated with suspicion. If a person is very cunning, they may be pejoratively be called foxy. Foxes appear in a number of Meitei folktales, including ''The Clever Fox'' (), ''The Fox and the Jackal'' (), and ''The Fox's Trick'' (). Crows Goddess of doves and pigeons In Meitei mythology and Sanamahism, religion, Khunu Leima (), also known as Khunureima (), is a goddess associated wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of India
India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area; the most populous country since 2023; and, since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is near Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73 and 55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manipur State Constitution Act 1947
Manipur State Constitution Act 1947 is an act which enabled the princely state of Manipur to have a ''de jure'' written constitution enacted by the last Maharajah of Manipur, Bodhchandra Singh. Under the constitution, a Legislative Assembly was elected in mid-1948 and a ministry was formed, which was responsible to the Maharaja. The constitution is deemed to have lapsed on 15 October 1949, when the Maharaja signed a merger agreement with the Indian Union. The validity of the act in present time is debated. Background After the 1891 rebellion in Manipur, the British took direct control of the state's administration. While the Maharaja was retained as a nominal head of state, the real power rested with the British Political Agent and a British official appointed as the President of the Durbar. The other members of the Durbar served as ministers and advisors. The hill regions, populated by Naga and Kuki tribes, were administered by the British official without the involvement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahitya Akademi
The Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, is an organisation dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of the Indian government. Its office is located in Rabindra Bhavan near Mandi House in Delhi. The Sahitya Akademi organises national and regional workshops and seminars; provides research and travel grants to authors; publishes books and journals, including the ''Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature''; and presents the annual Sahitya Akademi Award of INR. 100,000 in each of the 24 languages it supports, as well as the List of Sahitya Akademi fellows, Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement. The Sahitya Akademi Library is one of the largest multi-lingual libraries in India, with a rich collection of books on literature and allied subjects. It publishes two bimonthly literary journals: ''Indian Literature (journal), Indian Literature'' in English and ''Samkaleen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Promulgation
Promulgation is the formal proclamation or the declaration that a new statute, statutory or administrative law is enacted after its final Enactment of a bill, approval. In some jurisdiction (area), jurisdictions, this additional step is necessary before the law can take effect. After a new law is approved, it is announced to the public through the publication of government gazettes and/or on official government bulletins. National laws of extraordinary importance to the public may be announced by the head of state or head of government on a national broadcast. Local laws are usually announced in local newspapers and published in bulletins or compendium, compendia of municipal regulations. Jurisdiction-specific details Armenia Bills are enacted by the President of Armenia and published in the ''Hayastani Hanrapetutyun, Official Gazette of Armenia''. Belgium Statutes are promulgated by the King of the Belgians and published in the ''Belgian Official Journal''. Decrees and Ordin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
