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Locrians
The Locrians (, ''Lokroi'') were an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited the region of Locris in Central Greece, around Parnassus. They spoke the Locrian dialect, a Doric-Northwest dialect, and were closely related to their neighbouring tribes, the Phocis (ancient region), Phocians and the Dorians. They were divided into two geographically distinct tribes, the western Ozolian Locris, Ozolians and the eastern Opuntian Locris, Opuntians; their primary towns were Amfissa, Amphissa and Opus, Greece, Opus respectively, and their most important colony was the city of Locri, Epizephyrian Locris in Magna Graecia, which still bears the name "Locri" to this day. Among others, Ajax the Lesser and Patroclus were the most famous Locrian heroes, both distinguished in the Trojan War. Zaleucus from Epizephyrian Locris devised the first written Greek law code, the Locrian code. History and distribution The Locrians are said to have arrived in southern Greece in the late 2nd millennium BC from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locrian Greek
Locrian Greek is an ancient Greek dialect that was spoken by the Locrians in Locris, Central Greece. It is a dialect of Northwest Greek. The Locrians were divided into two tribes, the Ozolian Locrians and the Opuntian Locrians, thus the Locrian dialect can be also divided in two branches, the Ozolian and Opuntian respectively. The traits of both dialects were described by Wilhelm Dittenberger, editor of the project '' Inscriptiones Graecae''.''Inscriptiones Graecae Septentrionalis'', Pars I Inscriptiones Phocidis, Locridis, Aetoliae, Acarnaniae, Insularum maris Ionii, Berolini, 1897, IG. IX, I Unlike some other Northwest varieties, that are not so well known from a dialectal point of view, Locrian, along with Phocian, is generally considered to be a well–attested and recognizable dialect. Orthography Locrian Greek was written utilizing the West Greek alphabet, which represented " ξ" with " χ," " χ" with "," and lacked "." In Locrian and Arcadian, a unique sign "" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opuntian Locris
Opuntian Locris or Eastern Locris was an ancient Greece, ancient Greek region inhabited by the eastern division of the Locrians, the so-called tribe of the Locri Epicnemidii () or Locri Opuntii (Greek: ). Geography Opuntian Locris consisted of a narrow slip upon the eastern coast of central Greece, from the pass of Thermopylae to the mouth of the river Cephissus (Boeotia), Cephissus. The northern frontier town was Alpeni, which bordered upon the Malians (Greek tribe), Malians, and the southern frontier town was Larymna, which at a later time belonged to Boeotia. The Locrians, however, did not inhabit this coast continuously, but were separated by a narrow slip of Phocis, which extended to the North Euboean Gulf, and contained the Phocian seaport town of Daphnus. The Locrians north of Daphnus were called ''Epicnemidii'', from Mount Cnemis; and those south of this town were named ''Opuntii'', from Opus, Greece, Opus, their principal city. On the west, the Locrians were separated f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locri
Locri is a town and ''comune'' (municipality) in the province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria, southern Italy. Its name derives from that of the ancient Greek region of Locris. Today it is an important administrative and cultural center on the Ionian Coast and within its province. History Epizephyrian Locris or Locri Epizephyrii (; from the plural of (, "a Locrian"), (, "on"), (, " West Wind"), thus "the Western Locrians") was founded about 680 BC on the Italian shore of the Ionian Sea, near modern Capo Zefirio, by the Locrians, apparently by Opuntii (East Locrians) from the city of Opus, but including Ozolae (West Locrians) and Lacedaemonians. Its Latin name, ''Locri'', is the plural of the Latin ''Locrus'', which was used both to mean an inhabitant of Locris and the eponymous ancestor of the Locrians. Strabo suggests that the Ozolian Locrians were the principal founders, while Ephorus held that the Locri was a colony of Opuntian Locris. Due to fierce winds at an o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ozolian Locris
Ozolian Locris () or Hesperian Locris () was a region in Ancient Greece, inhabited by the Ozolian Locrians (; ) a tribe of the Locrians, upon the Corinthian Gulf, bounded on the north by Doris, on the east by Phocis, and on the west by Aetolia. Name Various etymologies were proposed by the ancients about the origin of the name of the region's inhabitants, the ''Ozolai'' (). Some derived it from the Greek verb (''ozein'') which means "to smell". According to Strabo, this version could be explained by the stench arising from a spring at the foot of Mount Taphiassus, beneath which Nessus and other centaurs had been buried, while according to Plutarch, that was due to the asphodel which scented the air. For the first of these two versions, Pausanias said that, as he had heard, Nessus, ferrying on Evenus, was wounded by Heracles but not killed on the spot, making him escape to this country and when he died, his body rotted unburied, imparting a stench to the atmosphere of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locris
Locris (; ; ) was a region of ancient Greece, the homeland of the Locrians, made up of three distinct districts. Locrian tribe The city of Locri in Calabria (Italy), also known in antiquity as "Epizephyrian Locris", was a colony founded by the Locrians in Magna Graecia. There is some disagreement over whether it was those from Opuntian Locris or from Ozolian Locris who were responsible. Ancient Locris The territory of the Locrians was divided into three by Doris and Phocis, perhaps due to an early invasion of a contiguous Locrian state. This fact, combined with the region's infertility, meant that the Locrians tended to be dominated by their neighbours, and played little part in Greek history. To the south-west of Phocis was Ozolian Locris, situated on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, between Naupactus and Crisa. The main cities of Ozolian Locris were Amphissa and Naupactus which was its seaport. To the north east of Phocis was Opuntian Locris, named after its main c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajax The Lesser
Ajax ( ''Aias'' "of the earth") was a Greek mythology, Greek mythological Greek hero cult, hero, son of Oileus, the king of Locris. He was called the "Ajax the Less", the "lesser" or "Locrian" Ajax, to distinguish him from Ajax the Great, son of Telamon. He was the leader of the Locrians, Locrian contingent during the Trojan War. He is a significant figure in Homer's ''Iliad'' and is also mentioned in the ''Odyssey'', in Virgil's ''Aeneid'' and in Euripides' ''The Trojan Women''. In Etruscan mythology, Etruscan legend, he was known as ''Aivas Vilates''. Description In the account of Dares Phrygius, Dares the Phrygian, Ajax was described as "stocky, powerfully built, swarthy, a pleasant person, and brave." Mythology Life Ajax's mother's name was Eriopis. According to Strabo, he was born in Naryx in Locris, where Ovid calls him ''Narycius heros''. According to the ''Iliad'', he led his Locrians in forty ships against Troy. He is described as one of the great heroes am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amfissa
Amphissa ( ) is a town in Phocis, Greece, part of the municipality of Delphi, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 315.174 km2. It lies on the northern edge of the olive forest of the Crissaean plain, between two mountains, Mount Giona, Giona to the west and Mount Parnassus, Parnassus to the east, northwest of Athens and of Delphi, as well as northeast of Naupactus and south of Lamia (city), Lamia. Amphissa dates back to antiquity, with its history spanning around 3,000 years, and has been traditionally the largest and capital city of Phocis. It was the most important city of the ancient Greeks, Greek tribe of the Ozolian Locrians and one of the most powerful cities in Central Greece (geographic region), Central Greece. In the Middle Ages, Amphissa came to be known as Salona. It declined after several foreign conquests and destructions, but emerged as an important city in the region and played a major role during the Greek War o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaleucus
Zaleucus (; fl. 7th century BC) was the Ancient Greece, Greek lawgiver of Epizephyrian Locris, in Magna Graecia. According to the Suda, he was previously a slave and a shepherd, and after having been educated he gave laws to his fellow-citizens. Some sources make him a Pythagoreanism, Pythagorean philosopher, although older ones put him as older than Pythagoras or even deny his existence altogether. They also attribute divine origin to his laws. Most probably, he devised the first written European law code, the Locrian code, in the 7th century BC. The code, however, is lost except for some later mentions and imitations which seem clearly anachronistic. These, which among other things mention that: It also banned the drinking of undiluted wine except for medical purposes. Although the Locrian code distinctly favored the aristocracy, Zaleucus was famous for his conciliation of societal factions. No other facts of his life at all are certain. According to legends, he punished adul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opus, Greece
Opus ( or Ὀπόεις) was an ancient Greek city that was the chief city of a tribe of Locri, who were called from this place the Opuntian Locrians, and the territory, the Opuntian Locris. It was located on the coast of mainland Greece opposite Euboea, perhaps at modern Atalanti. Its harbor was at Kynos. It stood at the head of the Opuntian Gulf, a little inland, being 15 '' stadia'' from the shore according to Strabo, or only a mile according to Livy. Opus was believed to be one of the most ancient towns in Greece. Pindar's ninth Olympian ode concerns Opus. It was said to have been founded by Opus, a son of Locrus and Protogeneia; and in its neighbourhood Deucalion and Pyrrha were reported to have resided. It was the native city of Patroclus, and it is mentioned in the Homeric Catalogue of Ships as one of the Locrian towns whose troops were led by Ajax the Lesser, son of Oileus the king of Locris, in the ''Iliad'' There were games called Aiantea and an altar at Opu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doris (Greece)
Doris (Greek: , ''pl.'' , ; , ''Dorienses'') is a small mountainous district in ancient Greece, bounded by Aetolia, southern Thessaly, the Ozolian Locris, and Phocis. It is the original homeland of the Dorian Greeks. It lies between Mounts Oeta and Parnassus, and consists of the valley of the river Pindus (), a tributary of the Cephissus, into which it flows not far from the sources of the latter. The Pindus is now called the Apostoliá. This valley is open towards Phocis; but it lies higher than the valley of the Cephissus, rising above the towns of Drymaea, Tithronium, and Amphicaea, which are the last towns in Phocis. Geography Doris is described by Herodotus (viii. 31) as lying between Malis and Phocis, and being only 30 stadia in breadth, which agrees nearly with the extent of the valley of the Apostoliá in its widest part. In this valley there were four towns forming the Doric tetrapolis: Erineus, Boium, Cytinium, and Pindus, also called Akyphas. Erineus, as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doric Greek
Doric or Dorian (), also known as West Greek, was a group of Ancient Greek dialects; its Variety (linguistics), varieties are divided into the Doric proper and Northwest Doric subgroups. Doric was spoken in a vast area, including northern Greece (Acarnania, Aetolia, Epirus, Ozolian Locris, western and Opuntian Locris, eastern Locris, Phocis (ancient region), Phocis, Doris (Greece), Doris, and possibly Macedonia (ancient kingdom), ancient Macedonia), most of the Regions of ancient Greece#Peloponnese, Peloponnese (Achaea (ancient region), Achaea, Ancient Elis, Elis, Messenia (ancient region), Messenia, Laconia, Argolid, Aegina, Corinthia (ancient region), Corinthia, and Megara), the Southern Aegean (Kythira, Milos, Santorini, Thera, Crete, Karpathos, and Rhodes), as well as the colonies of some of those regions in Cyrene, Libya, Cyrene, Magna Graecia, the Greek colonisation#Black Sea and Propontis, Black Sea, Greek colonisation#Ionian Sea, Adriatic Sea, and Illyria, the Ionian Sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phocis
Phocis (; ; ) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. It stretches from the western mountainsides of Parnassus on the east to the mountain range of Vardousia on the west, upon the Gulf of Corinth. It is named after the ancient region of Phocis, but the modern regional unit also includes parts of ancient Aetolia, Locris and Doris. Geography Modern Phocis has an area of , of which are forested, are plains, and the remainder is mountainous. The massive ridge of Parnassus (, which traverses the heart of the country, divides it into two distinct portions. The neighbouring prefectures are Aetolia-Acarnania to the west, Phthiotis to the north and Boeotia to the east. It also shares a tiny border with Evrytania. Much of the south and east are deforested and rocky and mountainous while the valley runs from Itea up to Amfissa. Forests and green spaces are to the west, the central part and the north. Its reservoir is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
