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Ljudevit Jurak
Ljudevit Jurak (October 6, 1881 – June 9, 1945) was a Croatian professor of pathology who was executed by the SFR Yugoslavia, Yugoslav government for his research into the Vinnytsia massacre. Jurak was born in Zalug near Hum na Sutli. He studied medicine at the University of Innsbruck where he graduated in 1910. In 1914 Jurak came to Zagreb where he led the Department of Pathology at the Sisters of Charity Hospital (Zagreb), Sisters of Charity Hospital, a post he held until his death. In 1915 Jurak and German physician Felix Gaisbock published a paper in a renowned journal Zentralblatt für Herz- und Gefässkrankheiten in which they described both Lev's disease, Lev's and Legendre's disease half a century before its contemporaries. Jurak collaborated on Mate Ujević's ''Croatian Encyclopedia''. In 1943, Jurak was among those invited by the International Committee of the Red Cross to take part in an investigation into the massacre of ethnic Ukrainians at Vinnytsia massacre, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
International Committee Of The Red Cross
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, and is a three-time Nobel Prize laureate. The organization has played an instrumental role in the development of rules of war and promoting humanitarian norms. State parties (signatories) to the Geneva Convention of 1949 and its Additional Protocols of 1977 ( Protocol I, Protocol II) and 2005 have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of international and internal armed conflicts. Such victims include war wounded persons, prisoners, refugees, civilians, and other non-combatants. The ICRC is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, along with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and 191 National Societies. It is the oldest and most honoured organization within the movement and one of the most widely recognized organizations in the world, having won three Nobel Peace Prizes (in 1917, 1944, and 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
People Executed By Yugoslavia By Firing Squad
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1945 Deaths
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year Nazi concentration camps, concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, have been used in combat. Events World War II will be abbreviated as “WWII” January * January 1 – WWII: ** Nazi Germany, Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allies of World War II, Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary from the Soviets. * January 9 – WWII: American and Australian troops land at Lingayen Gulf on western coast of the largest Philippine island of Luzon, occupied by Japan since 1942. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1881 Births
Events January * January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans. * January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The Chilean army defeats Peruvian forces. * January 15 – War of the Pacific – Battle of Miraflores: The Chileans take Lima, capital of Peru, after defeating its second line of defense in Miraflores. * January 24 – William Edward Forster, chief secretary for Ireland, introduces his Coercion Bill, which temporarily suspends habeas corpus so that those people suspected of committing an offence can be detained without trial; it goes through a long debate before it is accepted February 2. Note that Coercion bills had been passed almost annually in the 19th century, with a total of 105 such bills passed from 1801 to 1921. * January 25 – Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company. February * Febru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Croatian Pathologists
Croatian may refer to: *Croatia *Croatian language *Croatian people *Croatians (demonym) See also * * * Croatan (other) * Croatia (other) * Croatoan (other) * Hrvatski (other) * Hrvatsko (other) * Serbo-Croatian (other) Serbo-Croatian, Croato-Serbian, Serbo-Croat or Croato-Serb, refers to a South Slavic language that is the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro, as well as a minority language in Kosovo Kosovo, officiall ... {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Eduard Miloslavić
Edward L. Miloslavich or Eduard Miloslavić (December 20, 1884 – November 11, 1952) was a Croatian-American professor of pathology. A descendant of Croatian emigrants to the United States, he was born in Oakland, California. His father Luko had moved from Župa Dubrovačka ( from Dubrovnik) to Dubrovnik in 1878. In the same year he married Vica Milković. A few years later the couple emigrated to the United States. The entire family—Luko, Vica, Eduard and his brothers and sisters—returned to Dubrovnik in 1889, at the time in Austria-Hungary. Miloslavić studied medicine in Vienna, where he became a professor of pathology. In 1920, an invitation came from Marquette University in Wisconsin, to take the chair of pathology, bacteriology and forensic medicine. In subsequent years "Doc Milo", as colleagues called him, inaugurated criminal pathology in the United States. As an outstanding specialist he was involved in investigations of crimes perpetrated by the Al Capone gang. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
OZNA
The Department for Protection of the People, commonly known under its Serbo-Croatian acronym as OZNA, was the secret police of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Communist Yugoslavia that existed between 1944 and 1946. Founding The OZNA was founded on May 13, 1944, according to decision of Josip Broz Tito and under the leadership of Aleksandar Ranković (''nom de guerre'' Marko), a top member of the Politburo until his downfall in 1966, and a close associate of Josip Broz Tito. On May 24, 1944, only a day before Operation Rösselsprung (1944), Operation Rösselsprung, Tito signed the Military Courts Regulations (), which in article number 27 stated that the court reaches its decisions whether the accused are guilty or not based on its free evaluation, regardless of the evidence. Based on the investigations performed by the OZNA, the military courts reached their decisions. Function Until the OZNA was established, intelligence and security tasks were carried out by several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
World War II In Yugoslavia
World War II in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the country was Invasion of Yugoslavia, invaded and swiftly conquered by Axis powers, Axis forces and partitioned among Nazi Germany, Germany, Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Italy, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria and their Client state, client regimes. Shortly after Operation Barbarossa, Germany attacked the USSR on 22 June 1941, the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans, on orders from Moscow, launched a guerrilla liberation war fighting against the Axis forces and their locally established Puppet state, puppet regimes, including the Axis-allied Independent State of Croatia (NDH) and the Government of National Salvation in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia, German-occupied territory of Serbia. This was dubbed the National Liberation War and Socialist Revolution in post-war Yugoslav communist historiography. Simulta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Independent State Of Croatia
The Independent State of Croatia (, NDH) was a World War II–era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist Italy. It was established in parts of Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, after invasion of Yugoslavia, the invasion by the Axis powers. Its territory consisted mostly of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as some parts of modern-day Serbia and Slovenia, but also excluded many Croats, Croat-populated areas in Dalmatia (until late 1943), Istria, and Međimurje (region), Međimurje regions (which today are part of Croatia). During its entire existence, the NDH was governed as a one-party state by the Fascism, fascist Ustaše organization. The Ustaše was led by the ''Poglavnik'' Ante Pavelić."''Poglavnik''" was coined by the Ustaše and originally a title for the movement's leader. In 1941 it was institutionalized in the NDH as the title of first the Prime Minister (1941–1943), and then the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Katyn Massacre
The Katyn massacre was a series of mass killings under Communist regimes, mass executions of nearly 22,000 Polish people, Polish military officer, military and police officers, border guards, and intelligentsia prisoners of war carried out by the Soviet Union, specifically the NKVD (the Soviet secret police), at Joseph Stalin's order in April and May 1940. Though the killings also occurred in the Tver#20th century, Kalinin and Kharkiv NKVD prisons and elsewhere, the massacre is named after the Katyn forest, where some of the mass graves were first discovered by Nazi German forces in 1943. The massacre is qualified as a Crimes against humanity, crime against humanity, Crime of aggression, crime against peace, war crime and (within the Polish Penal Code) a Communist crimes (Polish legal concept), Communist crime. According to a 2009 resolution of the Polish parliament's Sejm, it bears the hallmarks of a genocide. The order to execute captive members of the Polish officer corps wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
