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Livadia, Kilkis
Livadia (, or ; ) is a village and a former community in the former Paionia Province, Kilkis regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Paionia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 32.282 km2. 11 km northwest of Griva, 15 km northwest of Goumenissa. Its population in 2021 was 123. It includes two villages: Megala Livadia and Mikra Livadia (now uninhabited). The Aromanian language is still spoken in Livadia. This historic community took part in various Greek revolutions, in particular the Macedonian Struggle in which many of inhabitants of Livadia participated, including: *Anastassios Bilis Koulinas *Nikolaos Nessios *Konstantinos Balas *Michael Balas *Michael Batsios *Dimitrios Bellis *Nikolaos Davelis *Michael Papanikolaou *Nikolaos Saramanis *Georgios Takiris *Athanassios Tikas *Aristides Tikas *Georgios Chatzivrettas *Michael Bellis *Georgios Bellis (Belles) *Stergios Naoum (Kapeta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Macedonia
Central Macedonia ( ; , ) is one of the thirteen Regions of Greece, administrative regions of Greece, consisting the central part of the Geographic regions of Greece, geographical and historical region of Macedonia (Greece), Macedonia. With a population of almost 1.8 million, it is the second most populous region in Greece after Attica (region), Attica. Geography The region of Central Macedonia is situated in Northern Greece, bordering the Administrative regions of Greece, regions of Western Macedonia (west), Thessaly (south), Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (east), and bounded to the north at the international borders of Greece by the Republic of North Macedonia and Bulgaria. The southern part is coastal and is bathed by the Thermaic Gulf, Thermaic, Toronean Gulf, Toroneos, Singitic Gulf, Singitic and Strymonian Gulf, Strymonic gulfs. The largest city and capital of the region is Thessaloniki. Serres is the second most populous city, followed by Katerini, Veria and Giannitsa. Cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolaos Davelis
Nikolaos Davelis (Greek: Νικόλαος Νταβέλης) was a significant Greek participant in the Macedonian Struggle. Biography Davelis was born and raised in Livadia, Kilkis Kilkis () is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece. As of 2021 there were 24,130 people living in the city proper, 27,493 people living in the municipal unit, and 45,308 in the municipality of Kilkis. It is also the capital city of the regional un ... in the 1880s. His family was well known for their national war participations which dates back to 1821. He formed and led an armed group. He collaborated with his fellow soldiers Stergios Naoum, Anastasios Bellis Kulina and Nikolaos Nessios. He also worked with Konstantinos Garefis several times. In 1906, in the ''Battle of Valia Siaca'', between Livadia and Ossiani (now Archangelos, Pella, Archangelos), he was arrested with other Macedonomachoi by the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman authorities and imprisoned in Heptapyrgion (Thessaloniki), Heptapyrgion of T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Albanians Of Romania
The League of Albanians of Romania (, ALAR; , LSR) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Albanian community. History The ALAR was established on 30 June 1999. In the 2000 general elections it defeated the Cultural Union of Albanians of Romania to win the single seat reserved for the Albanian community in the Chamber of Deputies under the electoral law allowing political parties representing ethnic minority groups to be exempt from the electoral threshold only applied as long as they received 10% of the vote required for a single seat in the Chamber of Deputies. University of Essex |
Nicolae Saramandu
Nicolae Saramandu (also Niculae; born 1 July 1941) is a Romanian linguist and philologist of Aromanian ethnicity. He has been professor in several universities and vice president and later president of the ''Atlas Linguarum Europae'' ("Atlas of the Languages of Europe"), also being a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy. Saramandu has undertaken extensive research on the Aromanians, and has involved himself in several activities related to their cultural development. Biography Nicolae Saramandu was born on 1 July 1941 in Bucharest, Romania. He was born in an Aromanian family that had fled from Greece to Romania. Saramandu's family was from Livadia ( or ), and part of it had studied in Romanian schools in the Balkans. In a 2018 interview, he stated that there were documents evidencing the execution of five people with the surname Saramandu in Greece "because they resisted the authorities which wanted to change their ethnicity". Saramandu studied from 1955 to 1959 at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philology
Philology () is the study of language in Oral tradition, oral and writing, written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of literary texts and oral and written records, the establishment of their authentication, authenticity and their original form, and the determination of their meaning. A person who pursues this kind of study is known as a philologist. In older usage, especially British, philology is more general, covering comparative linguistics, comparative and historical linguistics. Classical philology studies classical languages. Classical philology principally originated from the Library of Pergamum and the Library of Alexandria around the fourth century BC, continued by Greeks and Romans throughout the Roman Empire, Roman and Byzantine Empire. It was eventually resumed by European scholars of the Renaissance humanism, Renaissance, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armatoles
The armatoles (; ; ; ), or armatole in singular, were irregular soldiers, or militia, commissioned by the Ottomans to enforce the sultan's authority within an administrative district called an armatoliki ( in singular, , in plural). In Greek regions of the Ottoman Empire, they were composed of Greeks who were either former klephts or village stalwarts who had taken up arms against the klephts in the defense of their district. The Greek armatoles had a semi-independent status all over the Greek peninsula, and armatolikia were created in areas that had high levels of brigandage (i.e. klephts), or in regions that were difficult for Ottoman authorities to govern due to the inaccessible terrain, such as the Agrafa mountains of Thessaly, where the first armatoliki was established in the 15th century. Over time, the roles of the armatoles and klephtes became blurred, with both reversing their roles and allegiances as the situation demanded, all the while maintaining the delicate status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aromanians
The Aromanians () are an Ethnic groups in Europe, ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian language, Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language. They traditionally live in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgaria, northern and central Greece, and North Macedonia, and can currently be found in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgaria, south-western and eastern North Macedonia, northern and central Greece, southern Serbia, and south-eastern Romania (Northern Dobruja). An Aromanian diaspora living outside these places also exists. The Aromanians are known by several other names, such as "Vlachs" or "Macedo-Romanians" (sometimes used to also refer to the Megleno-Romanians). The term "Vlachs" is used in Greece and in other countries to refer to the Aromanians, with this term having been more widespread in the past to refer to all Romance-speaking peoples of the Balkan Peninsula and Carpathian Mountains region (Southeast Europe). Their ver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Struggle For Macedonia
The Macedonian Struggle was a series of social, political, cultural and military conflicts that were mainly fought between Greek and Bulgarian subjects who lived in Ottoman Macedonia between 1893 and 1912. From 1904 to 1908 the conflict was part of a wider guerrilla war in which revolutionary organizations of Greeks, Bulgarians and Serbs all fought over Macedonia and its Christian population. Particularly over the national affiliation of the Slavic population which was forced to declare themselves for either of the sides. Gradually the Greek and Bulgarian bands gained the upper hand. Though the conflict largely ceased by the Young Turk Revolution, it continued as a low intensity insurgency until the Balkan Wars. Background Initially the conflict was waged through educational and religious means, with a fierce rivalry developing between supporters of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (Greek-speaking or Slavic/Romance-speaking people who generally identified as Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilkis (regional Unit)
Kilkis () is one of the regional units of Greece, in the geographic region of Macedonia. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia. Its capital is the city of Kilkis. Geography The geography of the regional unit of Kilkis is characterized by the wide and flat Axios river valley in the westcentral part, and mountain ranges on its western and northeastern edges. The mountain range in the west, on the border with Pella regional unit, is Mount Paiko (highest peak ). In the north, the Kerkini range straddles the border with North Macedonia. At the highest peak in Kilkis regional unit is located here. The border with Serres regional unit to the northeast is formed by the lower Kroussia range (highest peak ). Lake Doirani is situated in the north, shared with North Macedonia. Kilkis borders the Thessaloniki regional unit to the south. The climate of the Kilkis regional unit is humid continental in the north, and humid subtropical in the lower regions. History The area of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aromanian Language
The Aromanian language (, , , , , or , , ), also known as Vlach or Macedo-Romanian, is an Eastern Romance languages, Eastern Romance language, similar to Megleno-Romanian language, Megleno-Romanian, Istro-Romanian language, Istro-Romanian and Romanian language, Romanian, spoken in Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. Its speakers are called Aromanians or Vlachs (a broader term and an Endonym and exonym, exonym in widespread use to define Romance communities in the Balkans). Aromanian shares many features with modern Romanian language, Romanian, including similar morphology and syntax, as well as a large common vocabulary inherited from Latin. They are considered to have developed from Common Romanian, a common stage of all the Eastern Romance varieties. An important source of dissimilarity between Romanian and Aromanian is the Stratum (linguistics)#Adstratum, adstratum languages (external influences); whereas Romanian Slavic influence on Romanian, has been influenced to a g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goumenissa
Goumenissa ( ) is a small traditional town in the Kilkis (regional unit), Kilkis regional unit, Macedonia (Greece), Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the Paionia (municipality), Paionia Municipality, of which it is a community and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 208.949km2. The 2021 census recorded 3,292 residents in the community and 5,157 residents in the municipal unit. The town sits on the southeastern part of the Mount Paiko, Paiko mountain range. Located 69 km northwest of Thessaloniki, 539 km north of Athens and 20 km north of Pella, the ancient capital of the Ancient Greece, Greek kingdom of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedonia. Goumenissa is the seat of the Church of Greece, Greek Orthodox diocese of Goumenissa, Axioupoli and Polykastro. Goumenissa has narrow streets lined with traditional houses and is renowned for a wide range of things; apart from its preindustrial monuments built beside lush sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
