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Liudmila Malinauskaitė-Šliūpienė
Liudmila "Liuda" Malinauskaitė-Šliūpienė also known by her pen name Eglė (14 February 1864 – 7 April 1928) was one of the first Lithuanian women poets. She published her first poetry in ''Aušra'' becoming one of three known women to have contributed to the first Lithuanian-language periodical aimed at Lithuanians in the Russian Empire. She was also a pioneer of Lithuanian amateur theater – her comedy ''Netikėtai'' (Unexpectedly) was published in 1910 – and an early advocate of women's rights. She spent most of her life supporting her husband Jonas Šliūpas and raising their three children. Biography Malinauskaitė was the eldest of six children of a family of petty Lithuanian nobles of the Ślepowron coat of arms who owned about of land near Vaškai between the present-day Pakruojis and Pasvalys District Municipalities. Her mother died in childbirth when Malinauskaitė was 10-years old. Her father, who was almost 40 years older than his wife, died a couple years la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kovno Governorate
Kovno Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (''guberniya'') of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kovno (Kaunas). It was formed on 18 December 1842 by Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, Nicholas I from the western part of Vilna Governorate, and the order was carried out on 1 July 1843. It was part of the Vilna Governorate-General and Northwestern Krai. The governorate included almost the entire Lithuanian region of Samogitia and the northern part of Aukštaitija. Counties The governorate was divided into seven uyezds: Notes References Further reading * * Kovno Governorate, Governorates of the Russian Empire History of Kaunas Historical regions in Lithuania 1843 establishments in the Russian Empire {{Russia-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Maryland to its south, West Virginia to its southwest, Ohio and the Ohio River to its west, Lake Erie and New York (state), New York to its north, the Delaware River and New Jersey to its east, and the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario to its northwest via Lake Erie. Pennsylvania's most populous city is Philadelphia. Pennsylvania was founded in 1681 through a royal land grant to William Penn, the son of William Penn (Royal Navy officer), the state's namesake. Before that, between 1638 and 1655, a southeast portion of the state was part of New Sweden, a Swedish Empire, Swedish colony. Established as a haven for religious and political tolerance, the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithuanian Language
Lithuanian (, ) is an East Baltic languages, East Baltic language belonging to the Baltic languages, Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is the language of Lithuanians and the official language of Lithuania as well as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are approximately 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 1 million speakers elsewhere. Around half a million inhabitants of Lithuania of non-Lithuanian background speak Lithuanian daily as a second language. Lithuanian is closely related to neighbouring Latvian language, Latvian, though the two languages are not mutually intelligible. It is written in a Latin script. In some respects, some linguists consider it to be the most conservative (language), conservative of the existing Indo-European languages, retaining features of the Proto-Indo-European language that had disappeared through development from other descendant languages. History Among Indo-European languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primer (textbook)
A primer (in this sense usually pronounced , sometimes , usually the latter in modern British English) is a first textbook for teaching of reading, such as an alphabet book or basal reader. The word also is used more broadly to refer to any book that presents the most basic elements of any subject. Secular primer textbooks developed out of medieval religious primer prayer books and educationally-oriented revisions of these devotionals proliferated during the English Reformation. The Latin ''Enschedé Abecedarium'' of the late 15th century, translated into English as the ''Salisbury Prymer'', has been identified as the earliest example of a printed primer. It presented the alphabet and several Catholic prayers. '' |
Anna Akhmatova
Anna Andreyevna Gorenko rus, А́нна Андре́евна Горе́нко, p=ˈanːə ɐnˈdrʲe(j)ɪvnə ɡɐˈrʲɛnkə, a=Anna Andreyevna Gorenko.ru.oga, links=yes; , . ( – 5 March 1966), better known by the pen name Anna Akhmatova,. was a Russian and Soviet poet, one of the most significant of the 20th century. She reappeared as a voice of Russian poetry during World War II. She was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1965 Nobel Prize in Literature, 1965 and 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature, 1966.Nomination archive – Anna Achmatova nobelprize.org Akhmatova's work ranges from short lyric poetry, lyric poems to intricately structured cycles, such as Requiem (Anna Akhmatova), ''Requiem'' (1935–40), her tragic masterpiece about the Great Purge, Stalinist terror. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Rodziewiczówna
Maria Rodziewiczówna (2 February 1863 – 6 November 1944, near Żelazna, Skierniewice County, Żelazna) was a Polish writer, among the most famous of the Interwar period, interwar years. Her works often addressed patriotism, rural life, and praised the countryside and peasantry. Rodziewiczówna is also noted for advocating for women's rights. Her writings include (''Heather''), , (''Summer of the Forest People''), (''Eerie Grandpa''). Biography Early life Rodziewiczówna came from a land-owning nobility family. She was the daughter of Henryk Rodziewicz and Amelia ( Kurzeniecki). Her parents were sentenced to confiscation of their family estate at Pieniuha in Vawkavysk and to deportation to Siberia for help given to the January Uprising, January uprising insurgents (storing weapons). Amelia, who was pregnant with Maria at that time, was allowed to give birth and a few months later was deported in a carriage, for which she had paid. During her parents' stay in exile, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Mickiewicz
Adam Bernard Mickiewicz (24 December 179826 November 1855) was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist, publicist, translator and political activist. He is regarded as national poet in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. He also largely influenced Ukrainian literature. A principal figure in Polish Romanticism, he is one of Poland's " Three Bards" () and is widely regarded as Poland's greatest poet. He is also considered one of the greatest Slavic and European poets and has been dubbed a "Slavic bard". A leading Romantic dramatist, he has been compared in Poland and Europe to Byron and Goethe. He is known chiefly for the poetic drama '' Dziady'' (''Forefathers' Eve'') and the national epic poem '' Pan Tadeusz''. His other influential works include '' Konrad Wallenrod'' and '' Grażyna''. All these served as inspiration for uprisings against the three imperial powers that had partitioned the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth out of existence. Mickiewicz was born in the Russian-parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antanas Strazdas
Antanas Strazdas (9 March 1760 in Margėnai, Rokiškis district – 23 April 1833 in Kamajai; signed in Polish as ''Antoni Drozdowski'', often called ''Strazdelis'' by the locals) was a Lithuanian priest and poet. Because of his humble origins and lifestyle, he became somewhat of a folklore hero. Born to a poor serf family, he attended many schools established by monasteries, including ones in Polatsk and Daugavpils. In 1789 he finally graduated from Varniai theological seminary. Due to his restless nature, he traveled from one parish to another, often living on his own as a farmer. In 1820 he settled more permanently in Kamajai, where he bought land and kept up a farm, only sometimes performing his duties as a priest. In 1828 he was accused of improper behavior for a priest and confined in the Pažaislis Monastery. Next year he left the monastery and returned to Kamajai, where he died just four years later. During his lifetime only two thin poetry books were published. One of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antanas Baranauskas
Antanas Baranauskas (; 17 January 1835 – 26 November 1902) was a Lithuanian poet, mathematician and Catholic bishop of Sejny. Baranauskas is best known as the author of the Lithuanian poem '' Anykščių šilelis''. He used various pen names, including ''A.B., Bangputys, Jurksztas Smalaūsis, Jurkštas Smalaūsis'', and ''Baronas''. He also wrote poetry in Polish. Early years Baranauskas was born to a small farmer family of Lithuanian nobility origin. Early in his youth, his parents sent him to a local parochial school. After finishing his studies there, Baranauskas initially remained in the parish. As described in his diary, between the years 1841 and 1843 he learned the Polish language and between 1848 and 1851 Russian. His first attempts to write poetry and rhyme in Lithuanian are to be found in his diaries. Later he attended a bi-yearly school for communal writers in Rumšiškės. There he started writing his first poems in Polish. Adulthood In 1853, he finished s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Positivism
Polish Positivism ( ) was a social, literary and philosophical movement that became dominant in late-19th-century partitioned Poland following Romanticism in Poland and the suppression of the January 1863 Uprising against the Russian Empire. The Positivist period lasted until the turn of the 20th century and the advent of the modernist Young Poland movement.Czesław Miłosz ''The History of Polish Literature'', pp. 281–321."Positivism." ''University of California Press'', 1983. . Retrieved October 10, 2011. Overview In the aftermath of the 1863 Uprising, many thoughtful Poles argued against further attempts to regain independence from the partitioning powers – the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire – by force of arms. In their polemics over forms of resistance, published between 1868 and 1873 in ''Przegląd tygodniowy'' (The Weekly Review) and ''Prawda'' (Truth), they – often reluctantly and only partially – discarded the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romantic Nationalism
Romantic nationalism (also national romanticism, organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state claims its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs. This includes such factors as language, race, ethnicity, culture, religion, and customs of the nation in its primal sense of those who were born within its culture. It can be applied to ethnic nationalism as well as civic nationalism. Romantic nationalism arose in reaction to dynastic or imperial hegemony, which assessed the legitimacy of the state from the top down, emanating from a monarch or other authority, which justified its existence. Such downward-radiating power might ultimately derive from a god or gods (see the divine right of kings and the Mandate of Heaven). Among the key themes of Romanticism, and its most enduring legacy, the cultural assertions of romantic nationalism have also been central in post-Enlightenment art and political ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vienybė Lietuvninkų
''Vienybė lietuvninkų'' (literally: Lithuanian Unity) was a Lithuanian-language weekly newspapers published in the United States from February 1886 to January 1921. Established by two Lithuanian American businessmen in Plymouth, Pennsylvania, the newspaper changed its editors and political orientation frequently. Initially, it was a conservative pro-Catholic newspaper that supported unity among Polish and Lithuanian immigrants in the historic tradition of the old Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was a response to anti-clergy and anti-Polish '' Lietuwiszkasis Balsas'' published by Jonas Šliūpas in New York. Under the influence of priest , the newspaper dropped its support of the Polish–Lithuanian union in favor of the Lithuanian National Revival and Lithuanian nationalism. Around 1896, the newspaper started shifting away from Catholicism towards liberalism and socialism. Attacked by the clergy as a "godless" publication, the newspaper suffered financial difficulties but th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
