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Lists Of Extinct Languages
This is a list of lists of extinct languages. By group By continent * List of extinct languages of Africa * List of extinct languages of Asia * List of extinct languages and dialects of Europe * List of extinct languages of Oceania * List of extinct languages of North America * List of extinct languages of South America By time of extinction * List of languages by time of extinction By language family * List of extinct Uto-Aztecan languages By region * List of extinct languages of Central America and the Caribbean * Extinct languages of the Marañón River basin See also * Extinct language * Language policy * Language death * Lists of endangered languages * List of revived languages * The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire {{DEFAULTSORT:extinct languages, Lists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages Of Africa
This is a list of extinct languages of Africa, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant. There are 73 languages listed. List See also *Languages of Africa * List of endangered languages in Africa Notes : These languages can still be spoken today, but are only used liturgically. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Extinct languages of Africa Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ... Extinct languages of Africa Africa-related lists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages Of Asia
This is a list of extinct languages of Asia, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers, and no Historical language, spoken descendant. There are 224 languages listed. 18 from Central Asia, 44 from East Asia, 20 from South Asia, 42 from Southeast Asia, 27 from Siberia and 78 from West Asia. Central Asia East Asia South Asia Southeast Asia Siberia West Asia See also *List of languages by time of extinction *List of extinct languages and dialects of Europe *Languages of Asia *List of endangered languages in Asia References Bibliography * {{DEFAULTSORT:Extinct languages of Asia Lists of extinct languages, Asia Extinct languages of Asia, Asia-related lists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages And Dialects Of Europe
This article is a list of languages and dialects that have no native speakers, no spoken descendants, and that diverged from their parent language in Europe. Currently extinct Formerly extinct See also *Lists of extinct languages *List of endangered languages in Europe References {{ Authority control Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ... Extinct languages and dialects ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages Of Oceania
This is a list of extinct languages of Oceania, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no Historical language, spoken descendant. The languages listed are spoken in Australia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, the Solomon Islands,Tonga, and Western New Guinea. Australia New South Wales *Awabakal language, Awabakal *Barranbinja language, Barranbinja *Darkinjung language, Darkinjung *Dhanggati language, Dhanggati *Dharug language, Dharug *Dhurga language, Dhurga *Dyirringany language, Dyirringany *Latji-Latji language, Latji-Latji *Ngarigo language, Ngarigo *Ngunnawal language, Ngunnawal *Yugambal language, Yugambal Northern Territory *Lower Arrernte language, Alenjerntarrpe *Amurdak language, Amurdak *Andegerebinha dialect, Andegerebinha *Doolboong language, Doolboong *Gaagudju language, Gaagudju *Giyug language, Giyug *Gunbarlang language, Gunbarlang *Ilgar language, Ilgar *Kamu language, Kamu *Kungarakany ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages Of North America
This is a list of extinct languages of North America, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant, most of them being languages of former Native American tribes. There are 217 Indigenous, 2 Creole, 3 European, 5 Sign and 13 Pidgin languages listed. In total 240 languages. Canada Indigenous languages European language dialects Pidgin languages Caribbean Indigenous languages Central America Indigenous languages Sign languages Greenland European language dialects Pidgin languages Mexico Indigenous languages United States Indigenous languages European languages or dialects Creole languages or dialects Pidgin languages Sign languages U.S. Virgin Islands Creole languages United States and Canada Indigenous languages Pidgin languages United States and Mexico Indigenous languages See also *List of extinct Uto-Aztecan languages * List of extinct languages of South America * Extinct languages of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages Of South America
This is a partial list of extinct languages of South America, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant. There are 176 languages listed. Argentina According to Ethnologue 2024, the following languages of Argentina are currently believed or confirmed to be extinct: *Abipón *Chané * Lule * Selkʼnam * Puelche * Vilela * Yámana Bolivia Brazil Ethnologue 2024 classifies the following Brazilian languages as extinct: Chile * Kakauhua * Chono * Selkʼnam Colombia Ecuador French Guiana * Yaio Guyana *Skepi Creole Dutch *Berbice Creole Dutch Peru Southern Cone * Kunza (Argentina & Chile) * Yahgan (Argentina & Chile) Unknown * Pawishiana Uruguay *Charrúa * Güenoa Venezuela See also * Extinct languages of the Marañón River basin *List of unclassified languages of South America * List of indigenous languages of South America References {{Authority control South America Languages of South America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Languages By Time Of Extinction
An extinct language may be narrowly defined as a language with no native speakers and no Genetic relationship (linguistics), descendant languages. Under this definition, a language becomes extinct upon the death of its last native speaker, the terminal speaker. A language like Latin is not extinct in this sense, because it evolved into the modern Romance languages; it is impossible to state when Latin became extinct because there is a diachronic continuum (compare Dialect continuum, synchronic continuum) between ancestors Late Latin and Vulgar Latin on the one hand and descendants like Old French and Old Italian on the other; any cutoff date for distinguishing ancestor from descendant is arbitrary. For many languages which have become extinct in recent centuries, attestation of usage is datable in the historical record, and sometimes the terminal speaker is identifiable. In other cases, historians and historical linguistics, historical linguists may infer an estimated date of exti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Uto-Aztecan Languages
A large number of languages known only from brief mentions are thought to have been Uto-Aztecan languages, but became extinct without being documented. The following list is based on . * (Aiage): closely related to Tahue, a Cahitan language, linked with Tebaca and Sabaibo. * Amotomanco (Otomoaco): uncertain classification, possibly Uto-Aztecan. (See Troike (1988) for more details.) *Baciroa: closely connected to Tepahue *Basopa *Batuc: possibly an Opata dialect *Cahuameto: probably belongs with Oguera and Nio * Cazcan (Caxcan): sometimes considered to be the same as Zacateca, although would only consider these to be geographical classifications. *Chínipa: may be a Tarahumaran language close to Ocoroni, since colonial sources claim the two are mutually intelligible. It may also instead be a local name for a variety of Guarijío. *Coca: spoken near Lake Chapala. *Colotlan: a Pimic language closely related to Tepehuan, or Teul and Tepecano *Comanito: a Taracahitic language cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Extinct Languages Of Central America And The Caribbean
This is a list of extinct languages of Central America and the Caribbean, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers, and no spoken descendants. There are 27 languages listed, 19 lost in Central America and 8 lost in the Caribbean. Central America The Caribbean {{Americas topic, List of extinct languages of Central America or Caribbean Extinct languages Extinct languages An extinct language or dead language is a language with no living first-language, native speakers. A dormant language is a dead language that still serves as a symbol of ethnic identity to an ethnic group; these languages are often undergoing ... Extinct Extinct Central America and the Caribbean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Languages Of The Marañón River Basin
The Marañón River basin, at a low point in the Andes which made it an attractive location for trade between the Inca Empire and the Amazon basin, once harbored numerous languages which have been poorly attested or not attested at all. Those of the middle reaches of the river, above the Amazon basin, were replaced in historical times by Aguaruna, a Jivaroan language from the Amazon which is still spoken there. The languages further upriver are difficult to identify, due to lack of data. The region was multilingual at the time of the Conquest, and the people largely switched to Spanish rather than to Quechua, though Quechua also expanded during Colonial times. In Ecuador, at the province of Loja, were Palta, Malacato, Rabona, Bolona, and Xiroa. Historical sources suggest these were closely related, and there is some evidence that Palta (see) was a Jivaroan language. The name ''Xiroa'' may be a variant of ''Jivaro''. Rabona is attested by a few words, some of which seem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Language
An extinct language or dead language is a language with no living native speakers. A dormant language is a dead language that still serves as a symbol of ethnic identity to an ethnic group; these languages are often undergoing a process of revitalisation. Languages that have first-language speakers are known as modern or living languages to contrast them with dead languages, especially in educational contexts. Languages have typically become extinct as a result of the process of cultural assimilation leading to language shift, and the gradual abandonment of a native language in favor of a foreign ''lingua franca''. As of the 2000s, a total of roughly 7,000 natively spoken languages existed worldwide. Most of these are minor languages in danger of extinction; one estimate published in 2004 expected that some 90% of the languages spoken at that time will have become extinct by 2050. Language death Normally the transition from a spoken to an extinct language occurs when a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Policy
Language policy is both an interdisciplinary academic field and implementation of ideas about language use. Some scholars such as Joshua Fishman and Ofelia García consider it as part of sociolinguistics. On the other hand, other scholars such as Bernard Spolsky, Robert B. Kaplan and Joseph Lo Bianco argue that language policy is a branch of applied linguistics. As a field, language policy is also known as language planning or language policy and planning, and is related to other fields such as language ideology, language revitalization, and language education, among others. Definitions Language policy has been defined in a number of ways. According to Kaplan and Baldauf (1997), "A language policy is a body of ideas, laws, regulations, rules and practices intended to achieve the planned language change in the societies, group or system" (p. xi). Lo Bianco defines the field as "a situated activity, whose specific history and local circumstances influence what is regarded a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
