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Lethe
In Greek mythology, Lethe (; Ancient Greek: ''Lḗthē''; , ) was one of the rivers of the underworld of Hades. In Classical Greek, the word '' lethe'' ( λήθη) literally means "forgetting", "forgetfulness". The river is also known as Amelēs Potamos, or the “river of unmindfulness.” The Lethe flowed around the cave of Hypnos and through the Underworld where all those who drank from it experienced complete forgetfulness. The river was often associated with Lethe, the personification of forgetfulness and oblivion, who was the daughter of Eris (Strife). Mythology Lethe, the river of forgetfulness, was one of the five rivers of the Greek underworld; the other four are Acheron (the river of sorrow), Cocytus (the river of lamentation), Phlegethon (the river of fire) and Styx (the river that separates Earth and the Underworld). In myth, the shades of the dead were only able to be reincarnated after they drank from the Lethe which would wash away all their memories. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
λήθη
In Greek mythology, Lethe (; Ancient Greek: ''Lḗthē''; , ) was one of the rivers of the underworld of Hades. In Classical Greek, the word ''lethe'' ( λήθη) literally means "forgetting", "forgetfulness". The river is also known as Amelēs Potamos, or the “river of unmindfulness.” The Lethe flowed around the cave of Hypnos and through the Underworld where all those who drank from it experienced complete forgetfulness. The river was often associated with Lethe, the personification of forgetfulness and oblivion, who was the daughter of Eris (Strife). Mythology Lethe, the river of forgetfulness, was one of the five rivers of the Greek underworld; the other four are Acheron (the river of sorrow), Cocytus (the river of lamentation), Phlegethon (the river of fire) and Styx (the river that separates Earth and the Underworld). In myth, the shades of the dead were only able to be reincarnated after they drank from the Lethe which would wash away all their memories. Locat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lethe (daughter Of Eris)
In Greek mythology, Lethe () is the personification of forgetfulness and oblivion. According to Hesiod's ''Theogony'', Lethe was the daughter of Eris (Strife), with no father mentioned. Her name was also given to Lethe, the river of oblivion in the Underworld. Like all of the children of Eris, as given by Hesiod, Lethe is a personified abstraction, allegorizing the meaning of her name, and representing one of the many harmful things which might be thought to result from discord and strife, with no other identity. The Roman mythographer Hyginus has the equivalent personification of the meaning of the Latin word ''oblivio'' (oblivion, forgetfulness) as the offspring of Ether 'Aether''and Earth 'Terra'' The meaning of the Greek ''lethe'' may have been influenced by the Greek word ''aletheia'', meaning truth. Literary sources A fragment from one of the plays of Sophocles describes Lethe as "dumb, speechless", and "deprived of all things". Lethe became associated with the personif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mnemosyne
In Greek mythology and ancient Greek religion, Mnemosyne (; , ) is the goddess of memory and the mother of the nine Muses by her nephew Zeus. In the Greek tradition, Mnemosyne is one of the Titans, the twelve divine children of the earth-goddess Gaia and the sky-god Uranus. The term ''Mnemosyne'' is derived from the same source as the word ''mnemonic'', that being the Greek word ''mnēmē'', which means "remembrance, memory". Family A Titaness, Mnemosyne is the daughter of Uranus and Gaia. Mnemosyne became the mother of the nine Muses, fathered by her nephew, Zeus: * Calliope (epic poetry) * Clio (history) * Euterpe (music and lyric poetry) * Erato (love poetry) * Melpomene (tragedy) * Polyhymnia (hymns) * Terpsichore (dance) * Thalia (comedy) * Urania (astronomy) Hyginus in his ''Fabulae'' gives Mnemosyne a different parentage, where she was the daughter of Zeus and Clymene. Mythology In Hesiod's ''Theogony'', kings and poets receive their powers of authori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Underworld
In Greek mythology, the underworld or Hades () is a distinct realm (one of the three realms that make up the cosmos) where an individual goes after death. The earliest idea of afterlife in Greek myth is that, at the moment of death, an individual's essence (''psyche'') is separated from the corpse and transported to the underworld. In early mythology (e.g., Homer's ''Iliad'' and ''Odyssey'') the dead were indiscriminately grouped together and led a shadowy post-existence; however, in later mythology (e.g., Platonism, Platonic philosophy) elements of post-mortem judgment began to emerge with good and bad people being separated (both spatially and with regards to treatment). The underworld itself—commonly referred to as Hades, after its Hades, patron god, but also known by various metonyms—is described as being located at the periphery of the earth, either associated with the outer limits of the ocean (i.e., ''Oceanus'', again also a god) or beneath the earth. Darkness and a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eris (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Eris () is the goddess and personification of strife and discord, particularly in war, and in the ''Iliad'' (where she is the "sister" of Ares the god of war). According to Hesiod she was the daughter of primordial Nyx (Night), and the mother of a long list of undesirable personified abstractions, such as Ponos (Toil), Limos (Famine), Algea (Pains) and Ate (Delusion). Eris initiated a quarrel between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite, which led to the Judgement of Paris and ultimately the Trojan War. Eris's Roman equivalent is Discordia. According to Hesiod, there was another Eris, separate and distinct from Eris the daughter of Nyx, who was beneficial to men. Etymology The name derives from the noun ''eris'', with stem ''erid-'', which means "strife, discord" and is of uncertain etymology; connections with the verb "to raise, stir, excite" and the proper name have been suggested. R. S. P. Beekes sees no strong evidence for this relation and excludes th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trophonius
Trophonius (; Ancient Greek: Τροφώνιος ''Trophōnios'') was a Greek hero or daimon or god—it was never certain which one—with a rich mythological tradition and an oracular cult at Lebadaea (Λιβαδειά; ''Levadia'' or ''Livadeia'') in Boeotia, Greece. Etymology and parallel cults The name is derived from τρέφω ''trepho'', "to nourish". Strabo and several inscriptions refer to him as Zeus Trephonios. Several other chthonic Zeuses are known from the Greek world, including Zeus Μειλίχιος ''Meilikhios'' ("honeyed" or "kindly" Zeus), and Zeus Χθόνιος ''Chthonios'' ("Zeus beneath-the-earth"), which were other names for Hades. Similar constructions are also found in the Roman world. For example, a shrine at Lavinium in Lazio was dedicated to Aeneas under the title ''Iuppiter Indiges'' (Jupiter in-the-earth). Family In the '' Homeric Hymn to Apollo'', Trophonius is a son of Erginus (the king of Minyan Orchomenus) and brother of Agamedes. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hades
Hades (; , , later ), in the ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology, mythology, is the god of the dead and the king of the Greek underworld, underworld, with which his name became synonymous. Hades was the eldest son of Cronus and Rhea (mythology), Rhea, although this also made him the last son to be Cronus#Mythology, regurgitated by his father. He and his brothers, Zeus and Poseidon, defeated their father's generation of gods, the Titan (mythology) , Titans, and claimed joint rulership over the cosmos. Hades received the underworld, Zeus the sky, and Poseidon the sea, with the solid earth (long the province of Gaia (mythology) , Gaia) available to all three concurrently. In artistic depictions, Hades is typically portrayed holding a bident and wearing his cap of invisibility , helm with Cerberus, the Polycephaly, three-headed dogs in religion#Religions, myths, legends, and cultures, guard-dog of the underworld, standing at his side. Roman-era mythographers eventually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myth Of Er
The Myth of Er (; , ''gen''.: ) is a legend that concludes Plato's ''Republic'' (10.614–10.621). The story includes an account of the cosmos and the afterlife that greatly influenced religious, philosophical, and scientific thought for many centuries. The story begins with a man named Er, son of Armenios (Ἀρμένιος), from Pamphylia, who dies in battle. When the bodies of those who died in the battle are collected, ten days after his death, Er remains undecomposed. Two days later he revives on his funeral-pyre and tells others of his journey in the afterlife, including an account of metempsychosis and the celestial spheres of the astral plane. The tale includes the idea that moral people are rewarded and immoral people punished after death. Although called the Myth of Er, the word "myth" here means "word, speech, account", rather than the modern meaning. The word is used at the end when Socrates explains that because Er did not drink the waters of Lethe, the account (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypnos
In Greek mythology, Hypnos (; Ancient Greek: , 'sleep'), also spelled Hypnus, is the personification of sleep. The Roman equivalent is Somnus. His name is the origin of the word hypnosis. Pausanias (geographer), Pausanias wrote that Hypnos was the dearest friend of the Muses. Etymology According to the Dutch linguist Robert S. P. Beekes, the god's name derives from the Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European root ''*sup-no-'' 'sleep'. Description Hypnos is usually the fatherless son of Nyx ("The Night"), although sometimes Nyx's consort Erebus ("The Darkness") is named as his father. His twin brother is Thanatos ("Death"). Both siblings live in the Greek underworld, underworld (Hades). According to rumors, Hypnos lived in a big cave, which the river Lethe ("Forgetfulness") comes from and where night and day meet. They call this area the Land of dreams (mythology), Land of Dreams. His bed is made of ebony, and on the entrance of the cave grow several Poppy, poppies a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acheron
The Acheron ( or ; ''Acheron'' or Ἀχερούσιος ''Acherousios''; ''Acherontas'') is a river in the Epirus (region), Epirus region of northwest Greece. It is long, and has a drainage area of . The river's source is located near the village Selloi, Ioannina, Zotiko, in the southwestern part of the Ioannina (regional unit), Ioannina regional unit. The Acheron flows into the Ionian Sea in Ammoudia, Preveza, Ammoudia, near Parga. The Acheron also features prominently in Greek mythology, where it is often depicted as the entrance to the Greek Underworld where souls must be ferried across by Charon (although some later sources, such as Roman people, Roman poets, assign this role to the river Styx). Mythology Ancient Greek mythology saw the Acheron, sometimes known as the "river of woe", as one of the five rivers of the Greek underworld. The name is of uncertain etymology. Most classical accounts, including Pausanias (geographer), Pausanias (10.28) and later Dante's ''Infern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlegethon
In Greek mythology, the river Phlegethon () or Pyriphlegethon (, ) was one of the five rivers in the infernal regions of the underworld, along with the rivers Styx, Lethe, Cocytus, and Acheron. Mythology According to Homer's ''Odyssey'', the Phlegethon feeds into the river Acheron, alongside the Cocytus. Plato describes it as "a stream of fire, which coils round the earth and flows into the depths of Tartarus". In Orphic literature, in which there are four rivers of the underworld, the Phlegethon is associated with the element of fire, and the direction east.''Brill's New Pauly''s.v. Phlegethon (2) Orphic fr. 123 II (I p. 283), IV (I p. 283) Bernabé. In '' Oedipus'' by Seneca the Younger, the first singing of the chorus, which mainly describes the plague that has settled in Thebes, includes the line, "Phlegethon has changed his course and mingled Styx with Theban streams." While this is not essential to the plot of the play, the line figuratively serves to suggest Deat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
