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Kőhalom
Rupea (; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Räppes''; ; ) is a town in Brașov County in Transylvania, Romania. It administers one village, Fișer (''Schweischer''; ''Sövénység''). Both Fișer and Rupea have Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, fortified churches. Older Romanian names for the settlement include ''Cohalm'' and ''Holuma''. In 2021, the town's population was 4,907 inhabitants. The town is nationally known for its Rupea Fortress, fortress, which in 2023 attracted around 100,000 tourists. Additionally, 11 km from the town runs ''Via Transilvanica'', the most important and longest hiking and endurance trail in Romania, and 13 km away lies the rural site of Viscri fortified church, Viscri, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage. Administration The current local council has the following political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the 2024 Romanian local elections. Geography The town is located in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagy-Küküllő County
Nagy-Küküllő () was an administrative county (Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (central Transylvania). Nagy-Küküllő is the Hungarian language, Hungarian name for the river Târnava Mare. The capital of the county was Segesvár (present-day Sighișoara). Geography Nagy-Küküllő County shared borders with the Hungarian counties Alsó-Fehér County, Alsó-Fehér, Kis-Küküllő County, Kis-Küküllő, Udvarhely County, Udvarhely, Háromszék County, Háromszék, Brassó County, Brassó, Fogaras County, Fogaras, and Szeben County, Szeben. The river Târnava Mare formed part of its northern border and the river Olt (river), Olt part of its southern border. Its area was around 1910. History Nagy-Küküllő County came into existence in 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed and Küküllő County was split. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rupea Fortress
Rupea Fortress (, , ) is a medieval fortress built by Transylvanian Saxons in the Kingdom of Hungary and first mentioned by a 1324 document. It is situated on a 120 m high basalt cliff, to the west of the Transylvanian town of Rupea in Romania. The fortress is located on DN13, 70 km from Brașov, on the road to Sighișoara. Following a period of restoration from 2010 to 2013, the fortress had over 10,000 monthly visitors by 2014. Etymology The name Rupea comes from Latin ''rupes'' meaning "cliff", or "cleft stone". The name under which the fortress was first mentioned in a 1324 document is ''castrum Kuholm'', ''Kuholm'' referring to the rock on which it was built (in Hungarian, ''kőhalom'' means "pile of stones"). History Background Rupea Fortress stands on one of the oldest archaeological sites in Romania, the first signs of human settlements dating from the Paleolithic and Early Neolithic (5500–3500 BC). Archaeological investigations have revealed objects from this era, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sighișoara
Sighișoara (; ; ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Schäsbrich'', ''Šesburχ'', or ''Scheeßprich''; ; or ) is a Municipiu, city on the Târnava Mare, Târnava Mare River in Mureș County, central Romania. Located in the historic region of Transylvania, Sighișoara had a population of 23,927 according to the 2021 Romanian census, 2021 census. It is a popular tourist destination for its well-preserved Historic Centre of Sighișoara, old town, which is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 1999. The town administers seven villages: Angofa, Aurel Vlaicu, Hetiur, Rora, Șoromiclea, Venchi, and Viilor. History Starting with the mid 12th century, Germans, German Artisan, craftsmen and merchants known as the Transylvanian Saxons () were invited to Transylvania by the then Kingdom of Hungary, King of Hungary, Géza II of Hungary, Géza II, to settle and defend the frontier of his realm and improve the region's economy. The chronicler Krauss li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon (; ; ; ), often referred to in Hungary as the Peace Dictate of Trianon or Dictate of Trianon, was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference. It was signed on the one side by Hungary and, on the other, by the Allied and Associated Powers, in the Grand Trianon château in Versailles on 4 June 1920. It formally terminated the state of war issued from World War I between most of the Allies of World War I and the Kingdom of Hungary. The treaty is famous primarily due to the territorial changes imposed on Hungary and recognition of its new international borders after the First World War. As part of the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Hungary had been involved in the First World War since August 1914. After its allies – Bulgaria and later Turkey – Armistice of Salonica, signed armistices with the Entente, the political elite in Budapest also opted to end the war. On 31 October 1918, Mihály Károlyi#Károlyi's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian–Romanian War
The Hungarian–Romanian War (; ) was fought between Hungary and Kingdom of Romania, Romania from 13 November 1918 to 3 August 1919. The conflict had a complex background, with often contradictory motivations for the parties involved. After the unilateral self-disarmament of the Hungarian army by the pacifist Hungarian prime minister Count Mihály Károlyi, the Allies of World War I intended that Romanian Land Forces, Romania's Army, the Czechoslovak army and the Franco-Serbian armies to occupy various parts of Kingdom of Hungary. At the same time, there was a reluctance to allow Romania to occupy Hungary fully, although their intention was to, at least in part, satisfy the Romanian claims in accordance with the Treaty of Bucharest (1916) which proposed that Hungary cede Transylvania, Partium and parts of Banat to Romania. The situation was further complicated by the strained relationship between the Romanian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Transylvania With Romania
The union of Transylvania with Romania was declared on by the assembly of the delegates of ethnic Romanians held in Alba Iulia. The Great Union Day (also called ''Unification Day''), celebrated on 1 December, is a Public holidays in Romania, national holiday in Romania that celebrates this event. The holiday was established after the Romanian Revolution, and celebrates the unification not only of Transylvania, but also of Bessarabia and Bukovina and parts of Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the Kingdom of Romania, Romanian Kingdom. Bessarabia and Bukovina had joined with the Kingdom of Romania earlier in 1918. Causes and leading events *August 17, 1916: Romania signed a Treaty of Bucharest, 1916, secret treaty with the Allies of World War I, Entente Powers (United Kingdom, France, Italy and Imperial Russia, Russia), according to which Transylvania, Banat, and Partium would become part of Romania after World War I if the country entered the war. The planned border follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consisted of two sovereign states with a single monarch who was titled both the Emperor of Austria and the King of Hungary. Austria-Hungary constituted the last phase in the constitutional evolution of the Habsburg monarchy: it was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War, following wars of independence by Hungary in opposition to Habsburg rule. It was dissolved shortly after Dissolution of Austria-Hungary#Dissolution, Hungary terminated the union with Austria in 1918 at the end of World War 1. One of Europe's major powers, Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe (after Russian Empire, Russia) and the third-most populous (afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvanian Saxons
The Transylvanian Saxons (; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjer Såksen'' or simply ''Soxen'', singularly ''Sox'' or ''Soax''; Transylvanian Landler dialect, Transylvanian Landler: ''Soxn'' or ''Soxisch''; ; seldom ''sași ardeleni/transilvăneni/transilvani''; ) are a people of mainly Germans, German ethnicity and overall Germanic peoples, Germanic origin—mostly Luxembourgers, Luxembourgish and from the Low Countries initially during the medieval Ostsiedlung process, then also from other parts of present-day Germany—who settled in Transylvania in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century. The first ancestors of the Transylvanian 'Saxons' originally stemmed from Flanders, County of Hainaut, Hainaut, Landgraviate of Brabant, Brabant, Liège, County of Zeeland, Zeeland, Moselle, Duchy of Lorraine, Lorraine, and County of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, then situated in the north-western territories of the Holy R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diploma Andreanum
The ''Diploma Andreanum'', or ''Der Goldener Freibrief der Siebenbürger Sachsen'' (English: ''Golden Charter of the Transylvanian Saxons''), was issued by King Andrew II of Hungary in 1224, granting provisional autonomy to colonial Germans residing in the region of Transylvania () of the then Kingdom of Hungary, more specifically the present-day area of Sibiu (), central Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to .... References 1224 in Europe 13th-century documents 13th-century Latin literature Medieval texts in Latin Medieval documents Medieval charters and cartularies of Hungary 13th century in Hungary Medieval Transylvania Hungarian German communities Transylvanian Saxon people {{Hungary-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oradea
Oradea (, , ; ; ) is a city in Romania, located in the Crișana region. It serves as the administrative county seat, seat of Bihor County and an economic, social, and cultural hub in northwestern Romania. The city lies between rolling hills on the Crișana plain, on both banks of the Crișul Repede river. The city lies about from the Hungarian border. Oradea is Romania's List of cities and towns in Romania, ninth most populous city (as of 2021 Romanian census, 2021). It covers between the Apuseni Mountains and the Crișana-Banat plain. Oradea is known for its high standard of living and is frequently ranked among Romania's most liveable cities. It is the region's major industrial and economic hub, and hosts several of the country's major industrial enterprises. The city is also renowned for its striking Art Nouveau architecture and is a member of the Réseau Art Nouveau Network and the Art Nouveau European Route. Etymology The Romanian name ''Oradea'' originates from the cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
