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Königswartha
Königswartha, in Sorbian Rakecy (), is a municipality in the east of Saxony, Germany. It belongs to the district of Bautzen and lies 20 km north of the eponymous city. The municipality is part of the recognized Sorbian settlement area in Saxony. Upper Sorbian has an official status next to German, all villages bear names in both languages. ''"Rakecy"'' means "men of the crab" (''rak'' being Sorbian for "crab"). The village was mentioned the first time in 1350. File:Kirche in Königswartha 3.JPG, Church in Königswartha File:Bahnhofstraße 4 Königswartha.JPG, Town hall File:Schloss Königswartha 2.JPG, Castle of Königswartha File:Milkeler Straße 43 Königswartha.JPG, Old house in Königswartha File:Kriegerdenkmal Königswartha 2.JPG, War memorial File:Hauptstraße 16 Königswartha 3.JPG, Rest home Geography The municipality is situated in the Upper Lusatian flatland. The village stretches along the river Schwarzwasser. Villages Several villages belong to the m ...
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Sorbian Settlement Area
The Sorbian settlement area ( , , ; in Brandenburg officially ''Siedlungsgebiet der Sorben/Wenden'') commonly makes reference to the area in the east of Saxony and the South of Brandenburg in which the West Slavs, West Slavic people of the Sorbs (in Brandenburg also called "Wends") live Indigenous peoples, autochthonously. In colloquial German, it is called Sorbenland (Land of the Sorbs); before 1945 also – sometimes pejoratively – called ''Wendei''. This area was reduced constantly during the centuries due to Cultural assimilation, assimilation, Germanisation, Germanization and Surface mining, strip mining lignite. Additionally, the identification as Sorb is free under federal and state law and cannot be verified. Therefore, different approaches on defining who belongs to the Sorbian people exist. Identifying Sorbs are not in the majority in most of the Sorbian settlement area, but rather a – in part very small – minority. Officially recognized settlement area The off ...
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Schnaittenbach
Schnaittenbach is a town in the Amberg-Sulzbach district, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated 16 km northeast of Amberg. Geography Apart from the town Schnaittenbach the municipality consists of the following villages: *Demenricht *Döswitz *Forst *Götzendorf *Haidhof *Haidmühle *Holzhammer *Kemnath a.Buchberg *Mertenberg *Neuersdorf *Seblasmühle *Sitzambuch *Tradlmühle *Trichenricht *Ziegelhütte Twin towns – sister cities Schnaittenbach is member of the so called "Kaolinstädtepartnerschaft". It connects cities, which are connected to the mineral Kaolin. The partnership was established in November 2004. Aside Schnaittenbach the members of this partnership are the bavarian cities Tirschenreuth und Hirschau, from Saxony Königswartha, Sornzig-Ablaß and the city Mügeln, Nová Role from Czech Republic and Nowogrodziec from Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to t ...
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Tirschenreuth
Tirschenreuth (; Northern Bavarian: ''Dirschnrad'', ''Diascharad'') is the capital city of the district of Tirschenreuth (district), Tirschenreuth. It is located in the northeast of Bavaria, very close to the Czech-Bavarian border. Geography Tirschenreuth is located in the north of Upper Palatinate administrative region, around 75 miles north of Regensburg and 35 miles east of Bayreuth. Incorporations The following villages were incorporated in Tirschenreuth * Großklenau * Kleinklenau * Brunn * Gründlbach * Haid * Höfen * Hohenwald * Kleinkonreuth * Lengenfeld * Lohnsitz * Marchaney * Matzersreuth * Mooslohe * Pilmersreuth a. d. Straße * Pilmersreuth a. Wald * Rosall * Rothenbürg * Sägmühle * Wondreb * Wondrebhammer * Zeidlweid * Ziegelhütte History Until the German Mediatisation in 1803, Tirschenreuth was part of the possessions of the Cistercian Abbey Waldsassen. It received its town charter from Waldsassen's abbot Johann V. in 1364. Originally the Waldsa ...
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Bautzen (district)
The district of Bautzen (, ) is a district in the state of Saxony in Germany. Its largest towns are Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Kamenz, Hoyerswerda and Radeberg. It is the biggest district in Saxony by area, and a member of the Neisse Euroregion. It is bordered to the south by the Czech Republic. Clockwise, it also borders the district of Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, the district-free city of Dresden, the district of Meißen, the state of Brandenburg, and the district of Görlitz. The municipality's centre, north and east are part of the recognized Sorbian settlement area in Saxony. The Upper Sorbian language has an official status next to German in that area, and all villages bear names in both languages. History Historically, most of Upper Lusatia belonged to Bohemia. In the Thirty Years' War, it became a part of Saxony. Only the small town of Schirgiswalde remained Bohemian until 1809. In the time of the GDR, these areas were within the ''Bezirk'' Dresden (t ...
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Hirschau
Hirschau () is a Municipalities of Germany, municipality in the Amberg-Sulzbach district, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany. Geography Hirschau lies directly on the Bundesstraße 14 (Nuremberg - Rozvadov), 13 km northeast of Amberg and about 65 km east of Nuremberg. Apart from the small town Hirschau, the municipality consists of the following villages: *Burgstall (Hirschau), Burgstall *Dienhof *Ebenhof *Ehenfeld *Hölzlmühle *Hummelmühle *Kindlas *Krickelsdorf *Kricklhof *Krondorf *Massenricht *Mittelmühle *Obersteinbach *Rödlas *Sargmühle *Scharhof *Schwärzermühle *Steiningloh *Träglhof *Untersteinbach *Urspring *Urspringermühle *Waldmühle *Weiher (Hirschau), Weiher Economy Kaolin, used for the production of porcelain, has been mined at Hirschau since 1901. Interesting is the Monte Kaolino, a 120 meter high mound made from 32,000,000 tons of quartz sand from excess sand in years of operation. It is now used as a (sand) skiing/camping resort during the ...
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Nowogrodziec
Nowogrodziec () is a town in Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district called Gmina Nowogrodziec. It lies on the east bank of the Kwisa river south of the Lower Silesian Wilderness, approximately south-west of Bolesławiec, and west of the regional capital Wrocław. As of 2019, the town has a population of 4,243. History Polish Duke Henry I the Bearded established the town in 1233 and granted it Magdeburg town rights. It was assigned 11 villages which were to be founded on cleared land to create a district called ''Weichbild''. Earlier, in 1202, he founded a castle, which after 1217 was granted to the Magdalene Sisters. Due to the fragmentation of Poland into smaller duchies, the town later belonged to the duchies of Legnica, Głogów and Jawor, ruled by the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty. Here the important ''Via Regia'' road crossed the Kwisa, that marked the border with the historic Upper ...
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The Czech Republic has a hilly landscape that covers an area of with a mostly temperate Humid continental climate, continental and oceanic climate. The capital and largest city is Prague; other major cities and urban areas include Brno, Ostrava, Plzeň and Liberec. The Duchy of Bohemia was founded in the late 9th century under Great Moravia. It was formally recognized as an Imperial Estate of the Holy Roman Empire in 1002 and became Kingdom of Bohemia, a kingdom in 1198. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, all of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown were gradually integrated into the Habsburg monarchy. Nearly a hundred years later, the Protestantism, Protestant Bohemian Revolt led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of White ...
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Nová Role
Nová Role () is a town in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,300 inhabitants. Administrative division Nová Role consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Nová Role (3,247) *Jimlíkov (137) *Mezirolí (662) Geography Nová Role is located about northwest of Karlovy Vary. The town proper lies in the Sokolov Basin, but the municipal territory also extends to the north into the Ore Mountains. The highest point is the Borový hill at above sea level. The Rolava River flows through the town. On the western edge of the town is the fishpond Novorolský rybník, supplied by the stream Vlčí potok. It has an area of and is used for recreational purposes and fish farming. History The first written mention of Nová Role is from 1293, when it was a royal property. It was a Slavic village, whose foundation is associated with deposits of tin, silver and iron ore on the upper course of the ...
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Mügeln
Mügeln () is a town in the district Nordsachsen, in Saxony, Germany. It is located 9 km southwest of Oschatz and 14 km northwest of Döbeln. The town has a population of approximately 5,808 people. Geography Mügeln lies almost equidistant between Leipzig and Dresden at a distance of approximately 50 km from each town. Mügeln is not directly situated on any main traffic routes, but 10 km south of Mügeln one encounters the A14 motorway, and 10 km to the north one encounters the B6 federal highway, close to Oschatz. In addition, there is a tourist narrow gauge railway, the Wild Robert (''Wilder Robert'') which is operated by the Döllnitzbahn company as one of its attractions. The nearest railway station is in Oschatz. The comparatively flat countryside around Mügeln is mostly used for agriculture, and comprises moderately large fields for the growing of crops. A number of man-made lakes are an occasional feature, the largest of which is situated in ...
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Sornzig-Ablaß
Sornzig-Ablaß is a former municipality in the district Nordsachsen, in Saxony, Germany. It was established in 1994 by the merger of the former municipalities Sornzig and Ablaß. On 1 January 2011, it was absorbed into the town Mügeln Mügeln () is a town in the district Nordsachsen, in Saxony, Germany. It is located 9 km southwest of Oschatz and 14 km northwest of Döbeln. The town has a population of approximately 5,808 people. Geography Mügeln lies almost equi .... Its 19 ''Ortsteile'' became ''Ortsteile'' of Mügeln. References Former municipalities in Saxony Nordsachsen {{Nordsachsen-geo-stub ...
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Sorbian Language
The Sorbian languages (, ) are the Upper Sorbian language and Lower Sorbian language, two closely related and partially mutually intelligible languages spoken by the Sorbs, a West Slavic ethno-cultural minority in the Lusatia region of Eastern Germany. They are classified under the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages and are therefore closely related to the other two West Slavic subgroups: Lechitic and Czech–Slovak.About Sorbian Language
by Helmut Faska,
Historically, the languages have also been known as Wendish (named after the

Saxony
Saxony, officially the Free State of Saxony, is a landlocked state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland and the Czech Republic. Its capital is Dresden, and its largest city is Leipzig. Saxony is the List of German states by area, tenth largest of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of , and the List of German states by population, sixth most populous, with more than 4 million inhabitants. The term Saxony (other), Saxony has been in use for more than a millennium. It was used for the medieval Duchy of Saxony, the Electorate of Saxony of the Holy Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Saxony, and twice for a republic. The first Free State of Saxony was established in 1918 as a constituent state of the Weimar Republic. After World War II, it was under Soviet occupation before it became part of communist East Germany and was abolished by the government in 1952. Following German reunificat ...
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