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Kyōko Okazaki
is a Japanese manga artist. During her career from the mid-1980s until the mid-1990s, she published her work in ''seinen'' manga magazines, ''josei'' manga magazines as well as fashion magazines. She produced around 20 volumes of manga, the most famous being ''Pink'' (1989), ''River's Edge'' (1993–1994) and ''Helter Skelter'' (1995). Her work was discussed in academic literature for breaking the norms of ''shōjo'' manga of the 1970s with depictions of female sexuality as well as for capturing the zeitgeist of her native Tokyo at the time of writing. Since an accident in 1996, she has not published new work. Life and career Childhood and early career Kyoko Okazaki was born in 1963 in Tokyo. Her father was a hairdresser and held a large drawing room. She lived in the house in a family extended to fifteen people, including grandparents, uncles and aunts, cousins, and apprentice hairdressers. Okazaki often wondered what the family and the home can represent in these condi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manga Artist
A manga artist, also known as a mangaka (), is a Cartoonist, comic artist who writes and/or illustrates manga. Most manga artists study at an art college or manga school or take on an apprenticeship with another artist before entering the industry as a primary creator. More rarely a manga artist breaks into the industry directly, without previously being an assistant. For example, Naoko Takeuchi, author of ''Sailor Moon'', won a Kodansha Manga Award contest and manga pioneer Osamu Tezuka was first published while studying an unrelated degree, without working as an assistant. A manga artist will rise to prominence through recognition of their ability when they spark the interest of institutions, individuals or a demographic of manga consumers. For example, there are contests which prospective manga artist may enter, sponsored by manga editors and publishers. This can also be accomplished through producing a One-shot (comics), one-shot. While sometimes a stand-alone manga, with en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōjo Manga
is an editorial category of Manga, Japanese comics targeting an audience of adolescent girls and young adult women. It is, along with Shōnen manga, manga (targeting adolescent boys), Seinen manga, manga (targeting young adult and adult men), and Josei manga, manga (targeting adult women), one of the primary editorial categories of manga. manga is traditionally published in dedicated List of manga magazines, manga magazines, which often specialize in a particular readership age range or narrative genre. manga originated from Japanese girls' culture at the turn of the twentieth century, primarily (girls' prose novels) and (Lyricism, lyrical paintings). The earliest manga was published in general magazines aimed at teenagers in the early 1900s and began a period of creative development in the 1950s as it began to formalize as a distinct category of manga. While the category was initially dominated by male manga artists, the emergence and eventual dominance of female arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emptiness
Emptiness as a human condition is a sense of generalized boredom, social alienation, nihilism, and apathy. Feelings of emptiness often accompany dysthymia, depression (mood), depression, loneliness, anhedonia, wiktionary:despair, despair, or other mental/emotional disorders, including schizoid personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder. A sense of emptiness is also part of a natural process of grief, as resulting death of a loved one, or other significant changes. The particular meanings of "emptiness" vary with the particular context and the religious or cultural tradition in which it is used. While Christianity and Western sociologists and psychologists view a state of emptiness as a negative, unwanted condition, in some Eastern philosophies such as Buddhist philosophy and Taoism, emptiness (Śūnyatā) represents seeing through the Pratītyasamutpāda, il ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loneliness
Loneliness is an unpleasant emotional response to perceived or actual isolation. Loneliness is also described as social paina psychological mechanism that motivates individuals to seek social connections. It is often associated with a perceived lack of connection and intimacy. Loneliness overlaps and yet is distinct from solitude. Solitude is simply the state of being apart from others; not everyone who experiences solitude feels lonely. As a subjective emotion, loneliness can be felt even when a person is surrounded by other people. The causes of loneliness are varied. Loneliness can be a result of genetic inheritance, cultural factors, a lack of meaningful relationships, a significant loss, an excessive reliance on passive technologies (notably the Internet in the 21st century), or a self-perpetuating mindset. Research has shown that loneliness is found throughout society, including among people in marriages along with other strong relationships, and those with successf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collectivist
In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups. Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, structure, division of labor, communication systems, and so on. Because of these characteristics of social organization, people can monitor their everyday work and involvement in other activities that are controlled forms of human interaction. These interactions include: affiliation, collective resources, substitutability of individuals and recorded control. These interactions come together to constitute common features in basic social units such as family, enterprises, clubs, states, etc. These are social organizations. Common examples of modern social organizations are government agencies, NGOs, and corporations. Elements Social organizations happen in everyday life. Many people belong to various social structures—institutional and inform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Individualist
Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual. Individualists promote realizing one's goals and desires, valuing independence and self-reliance, and advocating that the interests of the individual should gain precedence over the state or a social group, while opposing external interference upon one's own interests by society or institutions such as the government. Individualism makes the individual its focus, and so starts "with the fundamental premise that the human individual is of primary importance in the struggle for liberation". L. Susan Brown. '' The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism, and Anarchism''. Black Rose Books Ltd. 1993 Individualism represents one kind of sociocultural perspective and is often defined in contrast to other perspectives, such as communitarianism, collectivism and corporatism. Individualism is also associated with artistic and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lost Decades
The Lost Decades are a lengthy period of economic stagnation in Japan precipitated by the asset price bubble's collapse beginning in 1990. The singular term originally referred to the 1990s, but the 2000s (Lost 20 Years, ) and the 2010s (Lost 30 Years, ) have been included by commentators as the phenomenon continued. From 1991 to 2003, the Japanese economy, as measured by GDP, grew only 1.14% annually, while the average real growth rate between 2000 and 2010 was about 1%, both well below other industrialized nations. Debt levels continued to rise due to the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession, the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, the Fukushima nuclear disaster, and the COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19 recession. Broadly impacting the entire Japanese economy, over the period of 1995 to 2023, the country's nominal GDP fell from $5.33 trillion to $4.21 trillion, real wages fell around 11%, while the country experienced a stagnant or decreasing price l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Asset Price Bubble
The was an economic bubble in Japan from 1986 to 1991 in which real estate and stock market prices were greatly inflated. In early 1992, this price bubble burst and the country's economy stagnated. The bubble was characterized by rapid acceleration of asset prices and overheated economic activity, as well as an uncontrolled money supply and credit expansion.Kunio Okina, Masaaki Shirakawa, and Shigenori Shiratsuka (February 2001):The Asset Price Bubble and Monetary Policy: Japan's Experience in the Late 1980s and the Lessons More specifically, over-confidence and speculation regarding asset and stock prices were closely associated with excessive monetary easing policy at the time.Edgardo Demaestri, Pietro Masci (2003): Financial Crises in Japan and Latin America, Inter-American Development Bank Through the creation of economic policies that cultivated the marketability of assets, eased the access to credit, and encouraged speculation, the Japanese government started a prolon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disorders Of Consciousness
Disorders of consciousness are medical conditions that inhibit consciousness. Some define disorders of consciousness as any change from complete self-awareness to inhibited or absent self-awareness and arousal. This category generally includes minimally conscious state and persistent vegetative state, but sometimes also includes the less severe locked-in syndrome and more severe but rare chronic coma. Differential diagnosis of these disorders is an active area of biomedical research. Finally, brain death results in an irreversible disruption of consciousness. While other conditions may cause a moderate deterioration (e.g., dementia and delirium) or transient interruption (e.g., grand mal and petit mal seizures) of consciousness, they are not included in this category. Classification Patients in such a dramatically altered state of consciousness present unique problems for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Assessment of cognitive functions remaining after a traumatic brai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hit And Run
In traffic laws, a hit and run or a hit-and-run is the criminal act of causing a traffic collision and not stopping afterwards. It is considered a supplemental crime in most jurisdictions. Additional obligation In many jurisdictions, there may be additional obligations such as to exchange information about one's financial responsibility (including any applicable insurance); to summon emergency services if they are needed; or to render any reasonable assistance to those who are injured or in peril (" duty to rescue" laws). There may also be requirement to leave a note containing pertinent information if the property owner is not present. History Hit-and-run laws were among the earliest traffic laws to be enacted after the invention of motor vehicles; they arose from the difficulties that early traffic collision victims faced in identifying perpetrators and bringing them to justice. Apart from the obvious ability of an automobile to flee the scene quickly (if still driveable), r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Standard Time
, or , is the standard time zone in Japan, 9 hours ahead of UTC (UTC+09:00). Japan does not observe daylight saving time, though its introduction has been debated on several occasions. During World War II, the time zone was often referred to as Tokyo Standard Time. Japan Standard Time is equivalent to Time in South Korea, Korean Standard Time, Time in North Korea, Pyongyang Time (North Korea), Time in Indonesia, Eastern Indonesia Standard Time, Time in East Timor, East-Timorese Standard Time, Time in Palau, Palau Time, and Yakutsk Time (Russia). History Before the Meiji (era), Meiji era (1868–1912), each local region had its own time zone in which noon was when the sun was exactly at its culmination. As modern transportation methods, such as trains, were adopted, this practice became a source of confusion. For example, there is a difference of about 5 degrees longitude between Tokyo and Osaka and because of this, a train that departed from Tokyo would arrive at Osaka 20 minu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tankōbon
A is a standard publishing format for books in Japan, alongside other formats such as ''shinsho'' (17x11 cm paperback books) and ''bunkobon''. Used as a loanword in English, the term specifically refers to a printed collection of a manga that was previously published in a serialized format. Manga typically contain a handful of chapters, and may collect multiple volumes as a series continues publication. Major publishing Imprint (trade name), imprints for of manga include Jump Comics (for serials in Shueisha's ''Weekly Shōnen Jump'' and other Jump (magazine line), ''Jump'' magazines), Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine, Shōnen Magazine Comics, Shogakukan's Shōnen Sunday Comics, and Akita Shoten’s Weekly Shōnen Champion, Shōnen Champion Comics. Manga Increasingly after 1959, manga came to be published in thick, phone book, phone-book-sized weekly or monthly anthology list of manga magazines, manga magazines (such as ''Weekly Shōnen Magazine'' or ''Weekly Shōnen Jump ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
