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Kuki-Chin–Naga Languages
The Kuki-Chin–Naga languages are a geographic clustering of languages of the Sino-Tibetan family in James Matisoff's classification used by ''Ethnologue'', which groups it under the non-monophyletic "Tibeto-Burman". Their genealogical relationship both to each other and to the rest of Sino-Tibetan is unresolved, but Matisoff lumps them together as a convenience pending further research. The languages are spoken by the ethnically related Naga people of Nagaland, the Chin people of Myanmar, and the Kuki people. The larger among these languages have communities of several tens of thousands of native speakers, and a few have more than 100,000, such as Mizo (674,756 in India as of 2001), Thadou (350,000) or Lotha language (180,000). "Kuki" and "Chin" are essentially synonyms, whereas the Naga speak languages belonging to several Sino-Tibetan branches. Languages The established branches are: * Kuki-Chin ** Northwestern / Southern Naga ** Northern ** Central ** Maraic ** Kh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Asia
South Asia is the southern Subregion#Asia, subregion of Asia that is defined in both geographical and Ethnicity, ethnic-Culture, cultural terms. South Asia, with a population of 2.04 billion, contains a quarter (25%) of the world's population. As commonly conceptualised, the modern State (polity), states of South Asia include Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, with Afghanistan also often included, which may otherwise be classified as part of Central Asia. South Asia borders East Asia to the northeast, Central Asia to the northwest, West Asia to the west and Southeast Asia to the east. Apart from Southeast Asia, Littoral South Asia, Maritime South Asia is the only subregion of Asia that lies partly within the Southern Hemisphere. The British Indian Ocean Territory and two out of Atolls of Maldives, 26 atolls of the Maldives in South Asia lie entirely within the Southern Hemisphere. Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian subcontinent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since 2023; and, since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is near Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations averag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeme Languages
The Zemeic, Zeme, Zeliangrong or Western NagaMortensen, David R. (2003). �Comparative Tangkhul” Unpublished Qualifying Paper, UC Berkeley. are a languages branch of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken mostly in Indian state of Nagaland, Assam and Manipur in northeast India. It may have close relationship with other Naga languages The Naga languages are a geographic and ethnic grouping of Tibeto-Burman, spoken mostly by Naga peoples. Konyak languages, Northern Naga languages do not fall within the group, in spite of being spoken by Naga groups; instead, these form part ... pending further research. The corresponding ethnic group is the Zeliangrong people. There were 63,529 Zeliang-speaking people in India in 2011. ''Ethnologue'' gives the name ''Western Naga'' for the Zeme languages. Languages The Zemeic languages are: * Zeme * Liangmai * Rongmei * Mzieme (Northern Zeme) * Puiron * Khoirao (Thangal) * Maram The Zeme and Rongmei language clusters are close enough to sometime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manipur
Manipur () is a state in northeastern India with Imphal as its capital. It borders the Indian states of Assam to the west, Mizoram to the south, and Nagaland to the north and shares the international border with Myanmar, specifically the Sagaing Region to the east and Chin State to the southeast. Covering an area of 22,330 square kilometers (8,621 mi²), the state consists mostly of hilly terrain with the 1813-square-kilometre (700 mi²) Imphal Valley inhabited by the Meitei (Manipuri) community, historically a kingdom. Surrounding hills are home to Naga and Kuki-Zo communities, who speak Tibeto-Burman languages. The official language and lingua franca, Meitei (Manipuri), also belongs to the Tibeto-Burman family. During the days of the British Raj, Manipur was one of the princely states. Prior to the British departure in 1947, Manipur acceded to the Dominion of India, along with roughly 550 other princely states. In September 1949, the ruler of Manipur signed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angami–Pochuri Languages
The Angami–Pochuri languages are a small family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in southern Nagaland and Northern Manipur of northeast India. Conventionally classified as "Naga", they are not clearly related to other Naga languages, and are conservatively classified as an independent branch of Sino-Tibetan, pending further research. Languages *Angami–Pochuri **Angami languages *** Angami *** Chokri (Chokri Chakhesang) *** Kuzhami *** Sopvoma (Mao) ***Poula Poula is an Angami-Pochuri language that is predominantly spoken by the Poumai Naga people in Senapati district in Manipur and Phek district in Nagaland, India. The language of Chingjaroi is also closely related to Poula but is distinct. A ... (Poumai) **Pochuri languages *** Pochuri *** Ntenyi (Northern Rengma) *** Rengma *** Sümi (Sema) Rengma–Simi might form a third branch according to Burling (2003). References * George van Driem (2001) ''Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ao Languages
The Ao or Central Naga languages are a small family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken by various Naga peoples of Nagaland in northeast India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since .... Conventionally classified as "Naga", they are not clearly related to other Naga languages, and are conservatively classified as an independent branch of Sino-Tibetan, pending further research. There are around 607,000 speakers of the languages in total. Coupe (2012) considers the Angami–Pochuri languages to be most closely related to Ao as part of a wider ''Angami–Ao'' group. Languages The following languages are widely accepted as Central Naga languages: * Ao language ** Chungli Ao ** Mongsen Ao * Sangtam ('Thukumi') * Yimkhiungrü ('Yachumi') * Lotha (Lhota) There are also var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Kuki-Chin Languages
Southern Kuki-Chin is a branch of Kuki-Chin languages The Kuki-Chin languages (also called Kukish or South-Central Tibeto-Burman languages) are a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family spoken in northeastern India, western Myanmar and southeastern Bangladesh. Most notable Kuki-Chin-speaking .... They are spoken mostly in southern Chin State, Myanmar and in southeastern Bangladesh. Some languages formerly classified as Southern Kuki-Chin, including Khumi, Mro, Rengmitca, are now classified as Khomic languages by Peterson (2017). VanBik (2009) and Peterson (2017) split Southern Kuki-Chin into the ''Asho'' and ''Cho'' branches. Languages * Shö * Thaiphum * Daai * Müün (K'cho, Ng'meeng, Nitu, Hmong-k'cha, Ng'gah) * Kaang * Nga La * Welaung (Rawngtu) * Laitu * Ekai * Rungtu (Taungtha) * Songlai * Sumtu References *Peterson, David. 2017. "On Kuki-Chin subgrouping." In Picus Sizhi Ding and Jamin Pelkey, eds. ''Sociohistorical linguistics in Southeast Asia: New ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khomic Languages
The Khomic languages are a branch of Kuki-Chin languages proposed by Peterson (2017). They are spoken mostly in southern Chin State, Myanmar and in southeastern Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by .... Languages Khomic languages include (Peterson 2017): * Khumi *Khami (Eastern Khumi) *Lemi * Mro * Rengmitca References *Peterson, David. 2017. "On Kuki-Chin subgrouping." In Picus Sizhi Ding and Jamin Pelkey, eds. ''Sociohistorical linguistics in Southeast Asia: New horizons for Tibeto-Burman studies in honor of David Bradley'', 189–209. Leiden: Brill. *Peterson, David A. 2012. ''The Khumi cluster and its place in Kuki-Chin''. Paper presented at ICSTLL 45, Singapore. {{Kuki-Chin–Naga languages * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maraic Languages
The Maraic languages are a branch of Kuki-Chin languages. Languages The Maraic languages are (VanBik 2009:23): *Mara language, Mara (Tlosai) *Duatu (Lochei and Hawthai language (Sino-Tibetan), Hawthai/Levaw(Nohro & Notlia) *Sizo Tribe, Sizo (Chapi Tribe , Chapi, Ngaphe and Sabyh) *Lautu language, Lutuv (Lytu/Kahno) *Zophei language, Zophei (Vawngtu, Leitak) *Senthang language, Senthang *Zotung language, Zotung (Calthawng, Innmai, Lungngo) *Hlaipao (Vahapi [Zyhno], Heima and Lialai) Sound changes VanBik (2009) lists the following sound changes from Proto-Kuki-Chin to Proto-Maraic. *Proto-Kuki-Chin *-p, *-t, *-k > Proto-Maraic *-''ʔ'' *Proto-Kuki-Chin *-ʔ > Proto-Maraic ''zero'' *Proto-Kuki-Chin *-r, *-l > Proto-Maraic ''zero'' *Proto-Kuki-Chin *kr- > Proto-Maraic *''ts''- References *Peterson, David. 2017. "On Kuki-Chin subgrouping." In Picus Sizhi Ding and Jamin Pelkey, eds. ''Sociohistorical linguistics in Southeast Asia: New horizons for Tibeto-Burman studies in honor o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Kuki-Chin Languages
Central Kuki-Chin is a branch of the Kuki-Chin languages. Central Kuki-Chin languages are spoken primarily in Mizoram, India and in Hakha Township and Falam Township of Chin State, Myanmar. Official use Mizo is the official language of Mizoram State, India. Classification VanBik (2009:23) classifies the Central Kuki-Chin languages as follows. ; Central Kuki-Chin * Pangkhua? * Laamtuk Thet (Tawr): Laamtuk, Ruavaan dialects * Lai languages ** Hakha cluster: Halkha, Farrawn, Thantlang, Mi-E, Zokhua ** Falam cluster: Bawm, Bualkhaw, Laizo, Lente, Khualsim, Khuangli, Sim, Tlaisun, Zanniat * Mizo languages ** Mizo cluster: Fanai, Hualngo, Lusei, Khiangte, Renthlei ** Hmar cluster: Hmar VanBik (2009) is unsure about the classification of Pangkhua, and tentatively places it within Central Kuki-Chin. Sound changes VanBik (2009) lists the following sound changes from Proto-Kuki-Chin to Proto-Central Chin. * Proto-Kuki-Chin *k(ʰ)r-, *p(ʰ)r- > Proto- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Kuki-Chin Languages
Northeastern Kuki-ChinPeterson, David. 2017. "On Kuki-Chin subgrouping." In Picus Sizhi Ding and Jamin Pelkey, eds. ''Sociohistorical linguistics in Southeast Asia: New horizons for Tibeto-Burman studies in honor of David Bradley'', 189-209. Leiden: Brill. is a branch of Kuki-Chin languages. It was formerly called Northern Kuki-Chin, but renamed to distinguish it from the Northwestern Kuki-Chin languages. VanBik (2009:31) also calls the branch ''Northern Chin'' or ''Zo''. These languages are spoken in northern parts of Chin State in Myanmar, and various parts of Northeast India, most notably in the state of Manipur. Languages VanBik (2009) includes the following languages as Northern Kuki-Chin languages. The positions of Ngawn and Ralte are not addressed by VanBik (2009), but they are classified as Northern Kuki-Chin in Glottolog. * Thado (Kuki) *Tedim * Paite * Gangte * Simte *Chiru * Sizang *Ralte * Vaiphei * Zou * Ngawn Tedim is the local lingua franca of northern Chin Stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
