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Krun
Krun (; ) or Akrun () is a Mandaean lord of the underworld. According to Mandaean cosmology, he dwells in the lowest depths of creation, supporting the entirety of the physical world. In mythology Krun is the greatest of the five Mandaean lords of the underworld, the others being Shdum, Hag, Gaf, and Zartai-Zartanai, according to the 5th book of the right half of the ''Great Treasure'' (''Ginza Rabba'') of the Mandaeans, their most sacred text. He is represented by the image of a lion on the '' skandola'' talisman, which is used to seal the graves of the newly dead. The epithet most frequently associated with him is ().Drower (1937), p. 270. In astronomy The Mandaean community of Iraq and Iran is one of the few communities from the Middle East that still preserve the ancient Babylonian tradition of divination by the stars and heavenly bodies (astrology), directly from its source, even retaining the traditional Akkadian names for the stars and the visible planets. De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Demons In Mandaeism
In Mandaeism, various beings inhabit the World of Darkness (Mandaeism), World of Darkness. Types According to the ''Right Ginza'', the World of Darkness consists of many demons, daeva, dewis, and evil spirits, including: Other types of demons mentioned in Book 18 of the ''Right Ginza'' are: *''dagalta'' "female demon" *''diba'' < Middle Persian ''dēw'' *''patikrā'' < Old Persian ''patikāra'' 'sculpture, image' *''šidā'' < Akkadian ''šēdu'' 'a protective genius with the head of a man and the body of a winged lion' The ''Right Ginza'' describes them as: Demons in the ''Ginza Rabba'' Main demons Other than Ur (Mandaeism), Ur, Ruha and her entourage of the Mandaean cosmology#Planets, 7 planets and Mandaean calendar#Months, 12 constellations, some infernal beings mentioned in the ''Ginza Rabba'' are: *Anathan (Anatan) – husband of Qin (Mandaeism), Qin; described as a "warrior" and ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ruha
Ruha (pronounced /ˈruːhə/) is a term with spiritual connotations found across various religious traditions. In Arabic, Ruh () signifies "spirit" or "soul" and is a fundamental concept in Islam, referring to the divine breath of life.Esposito, John L. (2003). *The Oxford Dictionary of Islam*. Oxford University Press. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-19-512558-0. Similarly, in Hebrew, Ruach () means "spirit," "wind," or "breath," and Ruach HaKodesh () denotes the "Holy Spirit" in Judaism.Unterman, Alan (2000). *Dictionary of Jewish Lore and Legend*. Thames & Hudson. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-500-01658-5. In Sanskrit, Ruha () translates to "one who has grown or ascended," often signifying spiritual growth and having positive connotations as a name."Ruha Name Meaning, Origin, Numerology, Rashi & More". *House of Zelena*. Retrieved March 16, 2025. In Mandaeism, Rūha (; also known as Namrūs or Hiwat (Ewath; )) is a significant figure, often depicted as the queen of the World of Darkness (''alma ḏ-hš ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Skandola
The skandola (also ''sakin dola'' or ''sakin ḏ-ula'', literally "dwelling of evil" in Mandaic) is a ritual talismanic seal used by Mandaeans to protect against evil. Description The skandola is an iron ring with a chain attached to an iron knife. It is used as a sacred talismanic seal. It is used to seal graves and also newborn babies on their navels. During wedding ceremonies, a priest gives the skandola to the bridegroom. There are incised depictions of the following animals: *Lion, representing Krun *Scorpion, representing Hag *Black snake or serpent, representing Ur *Wasp or hornet E. S. Drower notes parallels with Mithraic bas-reliefs, Yazidism, Iranian artistic symbols, and others. A Mandaean priest told Drower that the skandola was originally brought by Hibil Ziwa from the World of Darkness as he was taking Ruha along with him (a narrative found in Book 5, Chapter 1 of the ''Right Ginza''). See also *Talisman *Hamsa The ''hamsa'' (, referring to images o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
World Of Darkness (Mandaeism)
In Mandaeism, the World of Darkness () is the underworld located below Tibil (Earth). It is ruled by its king Ur the Leviathan and its queen Ruha, mother of the seven planets and twelve constellations. Description The great dark Sea of Suf lies in the World of Darkness. The great dividing river of Hitpun, analogous to the river Styx in Greek mythology Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks, and a genre of ancient Greek folklore, today absorbed alongside Roman mythology into the broader designation of classical mythology. These stories conc ..., separates the World of Darkness from the World of Light. Siniawis is one of the regions of the World of Darkness. The '' Ginza Rabba'' mention the Abaddons (''ebdunia'') as part of the World of Darkness. The '' Right Ginza'' mentions the existence of the "upper Abaddons" (''ebdunia ʿlaiia'') as well as the "lower Abaddons" (''ebdunia titaiia''). The World of Darkness i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
SETI
Seti or SETI may refer to: Astrobiology * SETI, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. ** SETI Institute, an astronomical research organization *** SETIcon, a former convention organized by the SETI Institute ** Berkeley SETI Research Center, an astronomical research organization *** SETI@home, a distributed computing project ** Active SETI, the attempt to send messages to intelligent aliens Egyptology * Seti (commander), grandfather of Seti I * Seti (Viceroy of Kush) * Seti I (died 1279 BC), pharaoh * Seti II (died 1197 BC), pharaoh * Seti-Merenptah, a son of Seti II * Seti, son of Amun-her-khepeshef * Sethi, one of List of children of Ramesses II#, the sons of Ramesses II Music * SETI (band), an ambient music band from New York City * SETI (The Kovenant album), ''SETI'' (The Kovenant album), an album by metal band The Kovenant Places * Seti River, a tributary of the Karnali River in Nepal * Seti Gandaki River or Seti River, a tributary of the Trishuli River in Nepal * S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Tombaugh Regio
Tombaugh Regio (), sometimes nicknamed "Pluto's heart" after its shape, is the largest bright surface feature of the dwarf planet Pluto. It lies just north of Pluto's equator, to the northeast of Belton Regio and to the northwest of Safronov Regio, which are both dark features. Its western lobe, a -wide plain of nitrogen and other ices lying within a basin, is named Sputnik Planitia. The eastern lobe consists of high-albedo uplands thought to be coated by nitrogen transported through the atmosphere from Sputnik Planitia, and then deposited as ice. Some of this nitrogen ice then returns to Sputnik Planitia via glacial flow. The region is named after Clyde Tombaugh, the discoverer of Pluto. Description Tombaugh Regio is a large, light-colored region about across. The two lobes of the feature are geologically distinct. The western lobe, Sputnik Planitia, is smoother than the eastern, and they are of slightly different colors. Early speculation was that the western lobe may be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Clyde Tombaugh
Clyde William Tombaugh (; February 4, 1906 – January 17, 1997) was an American astronomer best known for discovering Pluto, the first object to be identified in what would later be recognized as the Kuiper belt, in 1930. Raised on farms in Illinois and Kansas, Tombaugh was largely self-taught in astronomy and optics, building his own telescopes before being hired by Lowell Observatory in Arizona. His meticulous photographic sky surveys led to the discovery of Pluto, which was at the time classified as the ninth planet in the Solar System. Tombaugh also discovered numerous asteroids, star clusters, and galaxies, and made significant contributions to planetary observation and instrumentation. As a professor at New Mexico State University, he directed the Planetary Patrol project that confirmed the daily rotation period of Mercury, studied the Great Red Spot on Jupiter, and developed new photographic techniques for satellite searches. After his retirement in 1973, Tomba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Percival Lowell
Percival Lowell (; March 13, 1855 – November 12, 1916) was an American businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars, and furthered theories of a ninth planet within the Solar System. He founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and formed the beginning of the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death. Life and career Early life and work Percival Lowell was born on March 13, 1855, in Boston, Massachusetts, the first son of Augustus Lowell and Katherine Bigelow Lowell. A member of the Brahmin Lowell family, his siblings included the poet Amy Lowell, the educator and legal scholar Abbott Lawrence Lowell, and Elizabeth Lowell Putnam, an early activist for prenatal care. They were the great-grandchildren of John Lowell and, on their mother's side, the grandchildren of Abbott Lawrence. Percival graduated from the Noble and Greenough School in 1872 and Harvard College in 1876 w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mandaic Language
Mandaic, or more specifically Classical Mandaic, is the liturgical language of Mandaeism and a South Eastern Aramaic variety in use by the Mandaean community, traditionally based in southern parts of Iraq and southwest Iran, for their religious books. Mandaic, or Classical Mandaic, is still used by Mandaean priests in liturgical rites. The modern descendant of Mandaic or Classical Mandaic, known as Neo-Mandaic or Modern Mandaic, is spoken by a small group of Mandaeans around Ahvaz and Khorramshahr in the southern Iranian Khuzestan province. Liturgical use of Mandaic or Classical Mandaic is found in Iran (particularly the southern portions of the country), in Baghdad, Iraq and in the diaspora (particularly in the United States, Sweden, Australia and Germany). It is an Eastern Aramaic language notable for its abundant use of vowel letters (''mater lectionis'' with ''aleph'', ''he'' only in final position, ''‘ayin'', ''waw'', ''yud'') in writing, so-called ''plene'' spelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Charles G
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "free man". The Old English descendant of this word was ''Churl, Ċearl'' or ''Ċeorl'', as the name of King Cearl of Mercia, that disappeared after the Norman conquest of England. The name was notably borne by Charlemagne (Charles the Great), and was at the time Latinisation of names, Latinized as ''Karolus'' (as in ''Vita Karoli Magni''), later also as ''Carolus (other), Carolus''. Etymology The name's etymology is a Common Germanic noun ''*karilaz'' meaning "free man", which survives in English as wikt:churl, churl (< Old English ''ċeorl''), which developed its deprecating sense in the Middle English period. Some Germanic languages, for example Dutch language, Dutch and German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Rutgers
Rutgers University ( ), officially Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is a public land-grant research university consisting of three campuses in New Jersey. Chartered in 1766, Rutgers was originally called Queen's College and was affiliated with the Dutch Reformed Church. It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States, the second-oldest in New Jersey (after Princeton University), and one of nine colonial colleges that were chartered before the American Revolution.Stoeckel, Althea"Presidents, professors, and politics: the colonial colleges and the American revolution", ''Conspectus of History'' (1976) 1(3):45–56. In 1825, Queen's College was renamed Rutgers College in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers, whose substantial gift to the school had stabilized its finances during a period of uncertainty. For most of its existence, Rutgers was a private liberal arts college. It has evolved into a coeducational public research university since being designated the Stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
