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Karl I Ludwig, Elector Palatine
Charles I Louis (; 22 December 1617 – 28 August 1680) was Elector Palatine from 1648 until his death. He was the second son of Frederick V of the Palatinate, the "Winter King" of Bohemia, and the British princess Elizabeth Stuart. After living the first half of his life in exile during the German Thirty Years' War and the English Civil War, in 1649 Charles Louis reclaimed his father's title of Elector Palatine, along with most of his former territories. Stuart and British politics Charles Louis was baptised in March 1618 in the presence of the Prince of Sedan and Albertus Morton, who was the representative of the Prince of Wales. On the death of his exiled father in 1632, Charles Louis inherited his father's possessions in the Electorate of the Palatinate. His older brother Henry Frederick had died in the Netherlands in 1629. Charles Louis and his younger brother Rupert spent much of the 1630s at the court of his maternal uncle, Charles I of England, hoping to enl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Anthony Van Dyck
Sir Anthony van Dyck (; ; 22 March 1599 – 9 December 1641) was a Flemish Baroque painting, Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter in England after success in the Spanish Netherlands and Italy. The seventh child of Frans van Dyck, a wealthy silk merchant in Antwerp, Anthony painted from an early age. He was successful as an independent painter in his late teens and became a master in the Guild of Saint Luke, Antwerp Guild on 18 October 1617.Davies, Justin. 'A new date for Anthony van Dyck's free mastership'. ''The Burlington Magazine'' 165 (February 2023), pp. 162–165. By this time, he was working in the studio of the leading northern painter of the day, Peter Paul Rubens, who became a major influence on his work. Van Dyck worked in London for some months in 1621, then returned to Flanders for a brief time, before travelling to Italy, where he stayed until 1627, mostly in Genoa. In the late 1620s he completed his greatly admired ''Iconography'' se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Civil War
The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Cavaliers, Royalists and Roundhead, Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the struggle consisted of the First English Civil War and the Second English Civil War. The Anglo-Scottish war (1650–1652), Anglo-Scottish War of 1650 to 1652 is sometimes referred to as the ''Third English Civil War.'' While the conflicts in the three kingdoms of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland had similarities, each had their own specific issues and objectives. The First English Civil War was fought primarily over the correct balance of power between Parliament of England, Parliament and Charles I of England, Charles I. It ended in June 1646 with Royalist defeat and the king in custody. However, victory exposed Parliamentarian divisions over the nature of the political settlemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Vlotho
The Battle of Vlotho was fought on 17 October 1638. It was a victory for the Imperial Army under the command of Field Marshal Melchior von Hatzfeldt, and ended the attempt by Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine, to recapture the Electoral Palatinate. Background Frederick V, the Winter King, had died in 1632. The desire to recover the Palatinate, which had sparked English intervention in the Thirty Years' War in the previous years was at this point disregarded by most. In 1638 Charles Louis, 2nd son and heir of Frederick made one last attempt to recover his territories. Choosing as his base of operations the town of Meppen, on the Münster-East Frisian frontier, he raised a force of 4,000 men using English gold. Alongside Charles Louis were his brother Prince Rupert and a company of English gallants dedicated to the Winter Queen, including Lord Craven, and the Earl of Northampton. To assist Charles Louis, the commander of the Swedish army Johan Banér sent Charles Louis a 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James King, 1st Lord Eythin
James King, 1st Lord Eythin, 1589 to 9 June 1652, was a professional soldier from the Orkney Islands in Scotland. He served in the Military of the Swedish Empire, Swedish army from 1615 to 1639, then later supported the Cavalier, Royalist cause in the War of the Three Kingdoms. He died in Stockholm in 1652, and was buried in Riddarholm Church. Personal details James King was born in 1589 on the Orkney Islands, second son of David King of Warbester Hoy, and his wife Mary Stewart, an illegitimate granddaughter of James V. He had an elder brother, John, and at least one younger brother, David (died 1634), a sister Barbara (died 1653), as well as a half-brother, William Sinclair of Seaby (1581–1633). King was married twice, his first wife, Dilliana Van der Borchens, dying in 1634 without issue. With his second wife, whose name is not known, King had a daughter who died before him. Career Swedish Service In the first half of the 17th century, many Scots served with the Military o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Craven, 1st Earl Of Craven (1608–1697)
William Craven, 1st Earl of Craven, Privy Council of England, PC (26 June 1608 – 9 April 1697) was a courtier and soldier from London. One of the wealthiest peers in England, he spent much of his fortune supporting the exiled Elizabeth of Bohemia. Although he did not participate in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, Craven was sympathetic to the Cavalier, Royalist cause, and lent large sums of money to Charles II of England prior to the Stuart Restoration in May 1660. He was rewarded with a variety of government posts, including Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex. Craven died in London on 9 April 1697, and was buried in Binley, Coventry. Personal details William Craven was born in London and baptised on 26 June 1608, eldest son of William Craven (Lord Mayor of London), William Craven (1545-1618), Lord Mayor of the City of London, Lord Mayor of London in 1610, and his wife Elizabeth (died 1624), sister of George Whitmore (Lord Mayor), George Whitmore, Lord Mayor in 1631. In addition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Nethersole
Sir Francis Nethersole (1587–1659) was an English diplomat, secretary to the Electress Elizabeth, Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle, and a Civil War political pamphleteer. Early life Francis Nethersole was second son of John Nethersole of Winghamswood or Wimlingswold, Kent, by his wife Perigrinia, daughter of Francis Wilsford. Nethersole was elected to a scholarship at Trinity College, Cambridge. After graduating M.A. in 1610, he became a popular tutor. On 11 December 1611 he was elected public orator of the university. Diplomatic service In 1619 Nethersole resigned his offices at Cambridge, and accepted the post of secretary to James Hay, viscount Doncaster who had been selected to visit the Elector Palatine with a view to settling on a peaceful basis his relations with his catholic neighbours. Nethersole was a staunch protestant, and readily became an enthusiastic advocate of the cause of the elector and of his wife, the Princess Elizabeth Stuart. On his return ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir William Curtius
John William Curtius (1598–1678), Curtius Baronets, 1st Curtius Baronet of Sweden, Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS, was a diplomat representing the House of Stuart during the Thirty Years' War and the exile of Charles II of England, Charles II. In later life, he served as Resident Ambassador of the English Crown in the Holy Roman Empire, and was head magistrate for two districts of the Electoral Palatinate. Wilhelm von Curti', Biography of Hesse, at: ''Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS) in Germany'' The Curtius Baronets, Curtius Baronetcy of Sweden was a title in the Baronetage of England created on 2 April 1652 for William Curtius, "Resident to the King of Sweden". In Germany, Curtius was known as ''Johann Wilhelm von Curti'', where from 1654 he lived in :de:Curti-Schloss, Castle Curti in Groß-Umstadt, Umstadt, Hesse. Diplomat of the Thirty Years' War William Curtius worked as secretary and diplomat during the Thirty Years' War, promoting the cause of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Rupert Of The Rhine
Prince Rupert of the Rhine, Duke of Cumberland, (17 December 1619 ( O.S.) 7 December 1619 (N.S.)– 29 November 1682 (O.S.) December 1682 (N.S) was an English-German army officer, admiral, scientist, and colonial governor. He first rose to prominence as a Royalist cavalry commander during the English Civil War. Rupert was the third son of the German Prince Frederick V of the Palatinate and Elizabeth, eldest daughter of King James VI and I of England and Scotland. Prince Rupert had a varied career. He was a soldier as a child, fighting alongside Dutch forces against Habsburg Spain during the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648), and against the Holy Roman Emperor in Germany during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). Aged 23, he was appointed commander of the Royalist cavalry during the English Civil War, becoming the archetypal "Cavalier" of the war and ultimately the senior Royalist general. He surrendered after the fall of Bristol and was banished from England. He serv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Anthony Van Dyck - Charles Louis, Elector Palatine - Google Art Project
''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as part of "", with the equivalent "My Lord" in English. Traditionally, as governed by law and custom, Sir is used for men who are knights and belong to certain orders of chivalry, as well as later applied to baronets and other offices. As the female equivalent for knighthood is damehood, the ''suo jure'' female equivalent term is typically Dame. The wife of a knight or baronet tends to be addressed as Lady, although a few exceptions and interchanges of these uses exist. Additionally, since the late modern period, Sir has been used as a respectful way to address a man of superior social status or military rank. Equivalent terms of address for women are Madam (shortened to Ma'am), in addition to social honorifics such as Mrs, Ms, or Miss. Etymo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
