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Karel Engliš
Karel Engliš (17 August 188015 June 1961) was a Czech economist, political scientist, and founder of teleological economic theory.Holman, Robert, et al. ('History of economic thought'). Prague: C. H. Beck, 2005. . p. 504. Engliš was the first rector of Masaryk University in Brno from 1919 to 1920, and from 1947 to 1948 was rector of Charles University in Prague. Together with Alois Rašín, he was significantly involved in the Czechoslovak currency reform after World War I as Minister of Finance. From 1934 to 1938, he was Governor of the National Bank of Czechoslovakia. Life Born in Hrabyně into a butcher family, Engliš studied in poverty.Karfíková, Marie. "Karel Engliš". In: Skřejpková, Petra. ('Anthology of Czechoslovak jurisprudence in the years 1918–1939'). Prague: Linde, 2009. . pp. 576–581. He graduated from the Czech grammar school in Opava and then continued his studies at the Faculty of Law of Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague, where h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hrabyně
Hrabyně () is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants. Administrative division Hrabyně consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Hrabyně (1,097) *Josefovice (121) Geography Hrabyně is located about southeast of Opava and northwest of Ostrava. It lies in the Nízký Jeseník range. The highest point is at above sea level. History The first written mention of Hrabyně is from 1377, when it was a part of the Duchy of Troppau The Principality of Opava (; ) or Duchy of Troppau () was a historic territory split off from the Margraviate of Moravia before 1269 by King Ottokar II of Bohemia to provide for his natural son, Nicholas I. The Opava territory thus had not b .... Demographics Economy Hrabyně is known for the Rehabilitation Institute Hrabyně, which was founded in the 1950s. It deals with the treatment of patients with musculo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habilitated
Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in Germany, France, Italy, Poland and some other European and non-English-speaking countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching, and further education, which usually includes a dissertation. The degree, sometimes abbreviated ''Dr. habil''. (), ''dr hab.'' (), or ''D.Sc.'' (''Doctor of Sciences'' in Russia and some CIS countries), is often a qualification for full professorship in those countries. In German-speaking countries it allows the degree holder to bear the title ''PD'' (for ). In a number of countries there exists an academic post of docent, appointment to which often requires such a qualification. The degree conferral is usually accompanied by a public oral defence event (a lecture or a colloquium) with one or more opponents. Habilitation is usually awarded 5–15 years after a PhD degree or its equivalent. Achieving this aca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rector (academia)
A rector (Latin language, Latin for 'ruler') is a senior official in an educational institution, and can refer to an official in either a university or a secondary school. Outside the English-speaking world, the rector is often the most senior official in a university, while in the United States, the equivalent is often referred to as the President (education), president, and in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth of Nations, the equivalent is the Vice-chancellor (education), vice-chancellor. The term and office of a rector can be referred to as a rectorate. The title is used widely in universities in EuropeEuropean nations where the word ''rector'' or a cognate thereof (''rektor'', ''recteur'', etc.) is used in referring to university administrators include Albania, Austria, Benelux, the Benelux, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Moldova, North Macedonia, Poland, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-Czechoslovak And Prague Credit Bank
The Anglo-Czechoslovak and Prague Credit Bank (, ), also known as Anglobanka, was the second-largest bank in Czechoslovakia during the 1930s. It resulted from the merger in 1930 of three Prague-based banks: * the Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank (also Anglobanka, , ), created in 1922 from the former activities of Anglo-Austrian Bank in the country * the Prague Credit Bank ( or PÚB, ), originally established in 1870 as Credit Bank in Kolín () and relocated to Prague in 1899 * the Czech Commercial Bank (, ), established in 1921 from the former activities of Austria's Mercurbank Following the establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, the merged entity was renamed the Anglo-Prague Credit Bank (, ) in 1939, then again Prague Credit Bank in 1940. It was nationalized in 1946 and eventually absorbed in 1948 by Živnostenská banka. Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank The Anglo-Austrian Bank opened a branch in Prague in 1880. Following the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy in late 1918, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. The period was characterized by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic reductions in industrial production and international trade, and widespread bank and business failures around the world. The economic contagion began in 1929 in the United States, the largest economy in the world, with the devastating Wall Street stock market crash of October 1929 often considered the beginning of the Depression. Among the countries with the most unemployed were the U.S., the United Kingdom, and Weimar Republic, Germany. The Depression was preceded by a period of industrial growth and social development known as the "Roaring Twenties". Much of the profit generated by the boom was invested in speculation, such as on the stock market, contributing to growing Wealth inequality in the United States, wealth inequality. Banks were subject to laissez-faire, minimal regulation, resulting in loose lending and wides ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deflationary
In economics, deflation is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services. Deflation occurs when the inflation rate falls below 0% and becomes negative. While inflation reduces the value of currency over time, deflation increases it. This allows more goods and services to be bought than before with the same amount of currency. Deflation is distinct from '' disinflation'', a slowdown in the inflation rate; i.e., when inflation declines to a lower rate but is still positive. Economists generally believe that a sudden deflationary shock is a problem in a modern economy because it increases the real value of debt, especially if the deflation is unexpected. Deflation may also aggravate recessions and lead to a deflationary spiral . Some economists argue that prolonged deflationary periods are related to the underlying technological progress in an economy, because as productivity increases ( TFP), the cost of goods decreases. Deflation usually happens when supply is hig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monetary Reform
Monetary reform is any movement or theory that proposes a system of supplying money and financing the economy that is different from the current system. Monetary reformers may advocate any of the following, among other proposals: * A return to the gold standard (or silver standard or bimetallism). * Abolition of central bank support of the banking system during periods of crisis and/or the enforcement of full reserve banking for the privately owned banking system to remove the possibility of bank runs, possibly combined with sovereign money issued and controlled by the government or a central bank under the direction of the government. There is an associated debate within Austrian School whether free banking or full reserve banking should be advocated but regardless Austrian School economists such as Murray Rothbard support ending central bank bail outs ("End the Fed, ending the Fed"). * The issuance of interest-free credit (finance), credit by a government-controlled and fully ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Labour Party (Czechoslovakia, 1925)
The National Labour Party () was a liberal party created in September 1925 in Czechoslovakia. It was created from the split of the left-liberal part of Czechoslovak National Democracy. Central personalities of the party were Jan Herben and party chairman Jaroslav Stránský. In 1925 parliamentary elections party got only 1.38% of the votes. Since 1926, the party cooperated with, and in 1930 merged with the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party. The party was supported by public figures like Karel Čapek and Ferdinand Peroutka. See also *History of Czechoslovakia With the collapse of the Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, the independent country of CzechoslovakiaEdited by Keith Sword ''The Times Guide to Eastern Europe'' Times Book, 1990 p. 53 ( Czech, Slovak: ''Československo'') was formed as ... References {{Authority control Political parties in Czechoslovakia 1925 establishments in Czechoslovakia 1930 disestablishments in Czechoslovakia Political pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (Czechoslovakia)
The National Assembly () was the bicameral parliament of Czechoslovakia from 1920 to 1939, during the First and Second Republics. It consisted of a Chamber of Deputies with 300 members and a Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ... with 150 members. Leadership Presidents of the Senate * 1920 Cyril Horáček * 1920–1924 Karel Prášek * 1924–1926 Václav Donát * 1926 Václav Klofáč * 1926–1929 Mořic Hruban * 1929–1939 František Soukup Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies * 1920–1925 František Tomášek * 1925–1932 Jan Malypetr * 1932–1935 * 1935 Bohumír Bradáč * 1935–1939 Jan Malypetr References External links * {{Czechoslovak elections 1920 establishments in Czechoslovakia 1939 disestablishments in Czechoslova ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czechoslovak National Democracy
The Czechoslovak National Democracy (), called also Czechoslovak National Democratic Party (), was a First Republic right-wing political party in Czechoslovakia. History The party was established in 1918 by a merger of the Free-minded National Party ("Young Czechs") and several smaller parties such as the State's Rights Progressives, Moravian Progressive Party, and the Moravian-Silesian People's Party. It was initially known as the Czech Constitutional Democratic Party.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p145 It formed the first provisional government led by Karel Kramář, and the following year it was renamed the National Democracy. In 1935 the party merged with the National League National League often refers to: *National League (baseball), one of the two baseball leagues constituting Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada *National League (division), the fifth division of the English football (soccer) system ... and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
