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John Jones Of Gellilyfdy
John Jones of Gellilyfdy (c. 1578 - c. 1658) was a Welsh lawyer, antiquary, calligrapher, manuscript collector and scribe. He is particularly significant for his copying of many historic Welsh language manuscripts which would otherwise have been lost. Jones often styled himself as Siôn ap Wiliam ap Siôn, using the Welsh patronymic system, in his manuscripts. Life Like many antiquaries of the period, Jones came from a family of the minor rural gentry; he was the eldest of six sons of William Jones, whose lands were at Gellilyfdy, Ysgeifiog, Flintshire (Gellilyfdy farm still stands near the small village of Babell). He was educated in law, probably at Shrewsbury School (lodging in the present-day ''Plough Inn'' on Cornmarket),Plough Inn , Discovering Shropshire's History and by 1609 was engaged in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antiquary
An antiquarian or antiquary () is an aficionado or student of antiquities or things of the past. More specifically, the term is used for those who study history with particular attention to ancient artefacts, archaeological and historic sites, or historic archives and manuscripts. The essence of antiquarianism is a focus on the empirical evidence of the past, and is perhaps best encapsulated in the motto adopted by the 18th-century antiquary Sir Richard Colt Hoare, "We speak from facts, not theory." The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' first cites "archaeologist" from 1824; this soon took over as the usual term for one major branch of antiquarian activity. "Archaeology", from 1607 onwards, initially meant what is now seen as "ancient history" generally, with the narrower modern sense first seen in 1837. Today the term "antiquarian" is often used in a pejorative sense, to refer to an excessively narrow focus on factual historical trivia, to the exclusion of a sense of historic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court Of Chancery
The Court of Chancery was a court of equity in England and Wales that followed a set of loose rules to avoid a slow pace of change and possible harshness (or "inequity") of the Common law#History, common law. The Chancery had jurisdiction over all matters of equity (law) , equity, including English trusts law, trusts, English land law, land law, the estates of Mental illness, lunatics and the guardianship of infants. Its initial role differed somewhat: as an extension of the lord chancellor's role as Keeper of the King's Conscience, the court was an administrative body primarily concerned with conscientious law. Thus the Court of Chancery had a far greater remit than the common-law courts (whose decisions it had the jurisdiction to overrule for much of its existence) and was far more flexible. Until the 19th century, the Court of Chancery could apply a far wider range of remedies than common law courts, such as specific performance and injunctions, and had some power to gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Welsh Lexicographers
Welsh may refer to: Related to Wales * Welsh, of or about Wales * Welsh language, spoken in Wales * Welsh people, an ethnic group native to Wales Places * Welsh, Arkansas, U.S. * Welsh, Louisiana, U.S. * Welsh, Ohio, U.S. * Welsh Basin, during the Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian geological periods Other uses * Welsh (surname), including a list of people with the name * Welsh pig, a breed of domestic pig See also * * * Welch (other) * Welsch Welsch may refer to: * Georg Hieronymus Welsch (1624–1677), German physician * Gottfried Welsch (1618–1690), German physician * Heinrich Welsch (1888–1976), Saarlandic politician * Henry Welsch (1921–1996), American football and basebal ..., a surname {{Disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twm O'r Nant
Twm o'r Nant ('Tom from the Brook') was the pseudonym of a Welsh language dramatist and poet, Thomas Edwards (January 1739 – 3 April 1810), also known as ''Tom of the Dingle''. He was famous for ''anterliwtau'' (interludes or short plays), which he performed mainly round his native Denbighshire. Early life Edwards was born in Llannefydd, Denbighshire (now in Conwy County Borough). As a child, he moved with his parents to , near Nantglyn, from which he took his pseudonym. Edwards had little formal education: he attended one of Griffith Jones's circulating schools, where he learnt to read, and a school in Denbigh for two weeks to learn English. However, he was eager to learn to write – he cadged writing paper and wrote with ink that he made from elderberries. In 1749 Edwards joined a company of touring actors, which typically performed on an improvised stage such as a cart. He wrote seven interludes before he was 20 years old, but all have been lost. In 1763 Edwards marrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Owen Pughe
William Owen Pughe (7 August 1759 – 4 June 1835) was a Welsh antiquarian and grammarian best known for his ''Welsh and English Dictionary'', published in 1803, but also known for his grammar books and "Pughisms" (neologisms). Biography He was born William Owen at Llanfihangel-y-pennant, Merionethshire, but the family moved to Ardudwy when William was about seven. He relocated to London in 1776. It was here that he got to know Owen Jones. Initially he worked as a clerk in a solicitor's office, subsequently becoming a teacher of Algebra in a girls' boarding school and also as a private tutor for the children of the wealthy. In 1783 he joined the Society of Gwyneddigion, and soon began compiling his Welsh-English dictionary. Pughe's influence on Welsh orthography is now generally considered as negative. In 1806, he inherited the estates of Rice Pughe, of Nantglyn, Denbighshire, a distant relative. It was in gratitude to his cousin and benefactor that he added the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulphur
Sulfur (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphur (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth spelling) is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundance of the chemical elements, abundant, Polyvalency (chemistry), multivalent and Nonmetal (chemistry), nonmetallic. Under standard conditions for temperature and pressure, normal conditions, sulfur atoms form octasulfur, cyclic octatomic molecules with the chemical formula octasulfur, S8. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at room temperature. Sulfur is the tenth most abundant element by mass in the universe and the fifth most common on Earth. Though sometimes found in pure, native element minerals, native form, sulfur on Earth usually occurs as sulfide minerals, sulfide and sulfate minerals. Being abundant in native form, sulfur was known in ancient times, being mentioned for its uses in Outline of ancient India, ancient India, ancient G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiliam LlÅ·n
Wiliam LlÅ·n (c. 1535 – 1580) was a Welsh-language poet whose work largely consists of elegies and praise-poems. He is considered the last major Welsh poet of the bardic tradition, comparable to the greatest late-medieval Welsh poets, and has been called Wales's supreme elegist. Two of his poems are included in ''The Oxford Book of Welsh Verse''. Life That Wiliam LlÅ·n was born around 1534 or 1535 can be deduced from the fact, stated by his fellow-poet Rhys Cain, of his being not yet 46 at his death. That he came from the LlÅ·n Peninsula, or had some other family connection with it, is implied by the surname that both he and his brother, the poet Huw LlÅ·n, chose to take. He was instructed in the art of poetry by, among others, the bard Gruffudd Hiraethog, who was later recorded as believing that "There is nothing that Wiliam LlÅ·n does not know", and he was awarded the miniature silver chair at the 1567 eisteddfod as the best poet. By 1569 he was living in Oswestry â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hearth Tax
A hearth tax was a property tax in certain countries during the medieval and early modern period, levied on each hearth, thus by proxy on wealth. It was calculated based on the number of hearths, or fireplaces, within a municipal area and is considered among the first types of progressive tax. Hearth tax was levied in the Byzantine Empire from the 9th century, France and England from the 14th century, and finally in Scotland and Ireland in the 17th century. History Byzantine Empire In the Byzantine Empire a tax on hearths, known as ''kapnikon'', was first explicitly mentioned for the reign of Nicephorus I (802–811), although its context implies that it was already then old and established and perhaps it should be taken back to the 7th century AD. Kapnikon was a tax levied on households without exceptions for the poor.Haldon, John F. (1997) ''Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture''. Cambridge University Press. France In the 1340s especially, the K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archæologia Britannica
''Archæologia Britannica'' (from Latin: ''Antiquities of Britain''), the first volume of which was published in 1707, is a pioneering study of the Celtic languages written by Edward Lhuyd. Following an extensive tour of Great Britain and Ireland lasting more than four years, Lhuyd began work on ''Glossography'', the first volume of a planned four-volume set, ''Archæologia Britannica'', which combined innovative methods of historical linguistics, language comparison, and field research, to establish a genetic relationship between the Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Gaulish languages. After a significant delay, the ''Glossography'' was finally published in 1707. Due to Lhuyd's early death at the age of 49, the last three volumes were never produced or published, and many of Lhuyd's manuscripts and research notes were later lost, destroyed in two separate fires. As the only completed volume, the ''Glossography'' itself is often referred to as ''Archæologia Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Lhuyd
Edward Lhuyd (1660– 30 June 1709), also known as Edward Lhwyd and by other spellings, was a Welsh scientist, geographer, historian and antiquary. He was the second Keeper of the University of Oxford's Ashmolean Museum, and published the first catalogue of fossils, the . Name Lhuyd ( ; ) is an archaic spelling of the same Welsh surname now usually rendered as Lloyd or Llwyd, from ("gray"). It also appears frequently as Lhwyd; less often as Lhwydd, Llhwyd, Llwid and Floyd; and latinized as ( or ) , frequently abbreviated , and as and in some scientific names. The English and Latin forms are also sometimes combined as ''Edward Luidius''. Life Lhuyd was born in 1660, in Loppington, Shropshire, England, the illegitimate son of Edward Llwyd or Lloyd of Llanforda, Oswestry, and Bridget Pryse of Llansantffraid, near Talybont, Cardiganshire, in 1660. His family belonged to the gentry of southwest Wales. Though well established, the family was not wealthy. His father experime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Book Of Rhydderch
The White Book of Rhydderch (Welsh: ''Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch'', National Library of Wales, Peniarth MS 4-5) is one of the most notable and celebrated surviving manuscripts in Welsh language, Welsh. Mostly written in southwest Wales in the middle of the 14th century (c. 1350) it is the earliest collection of Welsh prose texts, though it also contains some examples of early Welsh poetry. It is now part of the collection of the National Library of Wales, having been preserved in the library at Hengwrt, near Dolgellau, Gwynedd, of the 17th century antiquary Robert Vaughan (antiquary), Robert Vaughan, who inherited it from the calligrapher John Jones of Gellilyfdy, John Jones and passed it to his descendants. The collection later passed to the newly established National Library of Wales as the Peniarth Manuscripts, Peniarth or Hengwrt-Peniarth Manuscripts. What was one manuscript was divided into two in the medieval period and has been bound as two separate volumes, known as Peniarth MS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
