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Jörg Kukies
Jörg Kukies (; born 21 February 1968) is a German economist and politician who served as Minister of Finance in the government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz from November 2024 to May 2025. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Early life and education Kukies began his studies in Economics at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz and transferred to the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, where he received his Maîtrise diploma. He then completed postgraduate studies in public policy at the Harvard Kennedy School from 1995 to 1997 with a Master of Public Administration degree as a McCloy Scholar. He went on to earn a doctorate from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. During his studies, he headed the Rhineland-Palatinate branch of the Young Socialists (Jusos); in this position, he was succeeded by Andrea Nahles. Career Kukies has been a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany since the age of 18. Kukies spent 17 years working at i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Ministry Of Finance (Germany)
The Federal Ministry of Finance (, ; abbreviated BMF) is the German Cabinet, cabinet-level Finance minister, finance ministry of Germany, with its seat at the Detlev-Rohwedder-Haus in Berlin and a secondary office in Bonn. History In Politics of Germany, German politics, the Ministry of Finance beside the Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany), Interior, Foreign Office (Germany), Foreign, Federal Ministry of Justice (Germany), Justice and Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany), Defence ministries is counted as one of the "classical portfolios" (denoted by the definite article ''der''), which were also part of the first German government under Otto von Bismarck following the Unification of Germany, Unification of 1871. Fiscal policy in the German Empire was predominantly the domain of the various States of the German Empire (1871), states responsible for all direct taxation according to the 1833 ''Zollverein'' treaties. The federal government merely received indirect contribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politician
A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles or duties that politicians must perform vary depending on the level of government they serve, whether Local government, local, national, or international. The ideological orientation that politicians adopt often stems from their previous experience, education, beliefs, the political parties they belong to, or public opinion. Politicians sometimes face many challenges and mistakes that may affect their credibility and ability to persuade. These mistakes include political corruption resulting from their misuse and exploitation of power to achieve their interests, which requires them to prioritize the public interest and develop long-term strategies. Challenges include how to keep up with the development of social media and confronting biase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Stability Mechanism
The European Stability Mechanism (ESM) is an intergovernmental organization located in Luxembourg City, which operates under public international law for all eurozone member states having ratified a special ESM intergovernmental treaty. It was established on 27 September 2012 as a permanent firewall for the eurozone, to safeguard and provide instant access to financial assistance programmes for member states of the eurozone in financial difficulty, with a maximum lending capacity of €500 billion. It has replaced two earlier temporary EU funding programmes: the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and the European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism (EFSM). Overview The Treaty Establishing the European Stability Mechanism stipulated that the organization would be established if member states representing 90% of its capital requirements ratified the founding treaty. This threshold was surpassed with Germany's completion of the ratification process on 27 September 2012, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Bank For Reconstruction And Development
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, shortened to EBRD ( French: ''Banque européenne pour la reconstruction et le développement'' or ''BERD''), is an international financial institution founded in 1991 in Paris. As a multilateral developmental investment bank, the EBRD uses investment as a tool to build market economies. Initially focused on the countries of the former Eastern Bloc it expanded to support development in more than 30 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia. Similar to other multilateral development banks, the EBRD has members from all over the world (North America, Africa, Asia and Australia, see below), with the biggest single shareholder being the United States, but only lends regionally in its countries of operations. Headquartered in London, the EBRD is owned by 75 countries and two European Union institutions, the newest shareholder being Nigeria since February 2025. Despite its public sector shareholders, it invests in private ente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2024 German Government Crisis
On 6 November 2024, Olaf Scholz, the incumbent chancellor of Germany, announced the dismissal of Christian Lindner, the then-finance minister and leader of the Free Democratic Party (FDP), from his cabinet. This occurred following disputes in the three-party coalition government over the country's economic policies and tensions within the coalition. In response, the FDP moved into the opposition, and the governing coalition collapsed, leaving a two-party minority government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and The Greens. On 16 December 2024, Scholz called a vote of confidence in the ruling government, which was lost. As a result, an early 2025 federal election was held, with the parties having agreed on 23 February 2025 as the date. The 23 February date for the election was confirmed by Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier on 27 December 2024. Background Formation of the traffic light coalition The 2021 German federal election resulted in the SPD emerging as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sherpa (emissary)
A sherpa is the personal representative of a head of state or head of government who prepares an international summit, such as the annual G7 and G20 summits. Between the G7 summits there are multiple sherpa conferences where possible agreements are laid out. This reduces the amount of time and resources required at the negotiations of the heads of state at the final summit. The name sherpa—without further context—refers to sherpas for the G7 summit, but the designation can be extended to different regular conferences where the participation of the head of state is required. The sherpa is generally quite influential, although they do not have the authority to make a final decision about any given agreement. The name is derived from the Sherpa people, a Nepalese ethnic group, who serve as guides and porters in the Himalayas, a reference to the fact that the sherpa does all the heavy lifting for the principal to reach a major summit. European Union In the European Union, the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goldman Sachs
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ( ) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company. Founded in 1869, Goldman Sachs is headquartered in Lower Manhattan in New York City, with regional headquarters in many international financial centers. Goldman Sachs is the second-largest investment bank in the world by revenue and is ranked 55th on the ''Fortune'' 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. In the Forbes Global 2000 of 2024, Goldman Sachs ranked 23rd. It is considered a systemically important financial institution by the Financial Stability Board. Goldman Sachs offers services in investment banking (advisory for mergers and acquisitions and restructuring), securities underwriting, prime brokerage, asset management, and wealth management. It is a market maker for many types of financial products and provides clearing and custodian bank services. It operates private-equity funds and hedge funds. It structures complex and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Financial Times
The ''Financial Times'' (''FT'') is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and also published digitally that focuses on business and economic Current affairs (news format), current affairs. Based in London, the paper is owned by a Japanese holding company, Nikkei, Inc., Nikkei, with core editorial offices across Britain, the United States and continental Europe. In July 2015, Pearson plc, Pearson sold the publication to Nikkei for Pound sterling, £844 million (US$1.32 billion) after owning it since 1957. In 2019, it reported one million paying subscriptions, three-quarters of which were digital subscriptions. In 2023, it was reported to have 1.3 million subscribers of which 1.2 million were digital. The newspaper has a prominent focus on Business journalism, financial journalism and economic analysis rather than News media, generalist reporting, drawing both criticism and acclaim. It sponsors an Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award, annual book ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrea Nahles
Andrea Maria Nahles (born 20 June 1970) is a former German politician who has been the director of the Federal Employment Agency (BA) since 2022. Nahles is best known for having served as leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) from April 2018 until June 2019 and the leader of the SPD in the Bundestag from September 2017 until June 2019. She served as a Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 2013 to 2017 and SPD Youth leader. From 2020 to 2022, she was the president of the Federal Posts and Telecommunications Agency.Martin Greive (26 June 2020)Nahles zur neuen Präsidentin der Bundesanstalt für Post und Telekommunikation gewählt''Handelsblatt''. Nahles is known within the party for criticising Gerhard Schröder's Agenda 2010. In June 2019, in the aftermath of the SPD's result in the 2019 European elections, she announced her resignation as leader of the SPD and as parliamentary leader of the SPD. For the transition period until a new SPD-leader was elected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Socialists In The SPD
''Working Group of'' Young Socialists ''in the SPD'' (, Jusos) is a volunteer youth organisation, youth organization of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). As of 2025, there are over 50,000 official Juso members. Membership Every member of the SPD who is aged between 14 and 35 years old is automatically enrolled in the Jusos. Since 1994, people in that age group have been able to become a Juso member without party membership. Until 2011 membership was free, but ended after a two 2-year period. There is now a membership fee of €1 per month. It is only possible to be a member of the Jusos until you reach your 35th birthday. History 1918–1969 At the (Reich Youth Day) of the Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany for young workers in Weimar in 1920, in which around 1,000 young people took part, the focus was on dealing with nature, art and culture and less on political issues. The main speaker was the spokesman for the Magdeburg young workers, 19-year-ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Master Of Arts
A Master of Arts ( or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA or AM) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Those admitted to the degree have typically studied subjects within the scope of the humanities and social sciences, such as history, literature, languages, linguistics, public administration, political science, communication studies, law or diplomacy; however, different universities have different conventions and may also offer the degree for fields typically considered within the natural sciences and mathematics. The degree can be conferred in respect of completing courses and passing examinations, research, or a combination of the two. The degree of Master of Arts traces its origins to the teaching license or of the University of Paris, designed to produce "masters" who were graduate teachers of their subjects. Europe Czech Republic and Slovakia Like all EU membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Mainz
The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz () is a public research university in Mainz, Rhineland Palatinate, Germany. It has been named after the printer Johannes Gutenberg since 1946. it had approximately 32,000 students enrolled in around 100 academic programs. The university is organized into 11 faculties. The university is a member of the German U15, a group of fifteen major research and medical universities in Germany. It also participates in the IT-Cluster Rhine-Main-Neckar and forms part of the Rhine-Main-Universities (RMU) along with Goethe University Frankfurt and Technische Universität Darmstadt. Founded in 1477, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe and one of the most prestigious in Germany. Faculties The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz is divided in ten faculties since 07 April 2024. * Faculty of Catholic and Protestant Theology * Faculty of Social Sciences, Media, and Sports * Faculty of Law, Management, and Economics * University Medicine * Fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
