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Jumong
Dongmyeong of Goguryeo (), personal name Ko Chumong (), was the founding monarch of the kingdom of Goguryeo, and was worshipped as a god-king by the people of Goguryeo and Goryeo. King Dongmyeong was also an important figure for the kingdom of Baekje, as the father of its founding monarch, King Onjo. Names Chumong, originally Buyeo slang for an excellent archer, was his personal name. He was commonly recorded as Chumong () by various Chinese sources, including history books written by Northern Qi and Tang. This name became dominant in future writings including the '' Samguk sagi'' and the '' Samguk yusa''. At some point in time prior to the compilation of the ''Samguk sagi'' (1145), he was given the posthumous name of Dongmyeong (), literally translating to ''the Brilliant Saintly King of the East''. In the earliest Goguryeo sources, such as the Gwanggaeto Stele and Tomb Epitaph of Moduru, refer to Dongmyeong by his personal name, Ch'umo (). Moduru's epitaph refers to Do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goguryeo
Goguryeo (37 BC – 668 AD) (; ; Old Korean: Guryeo) also later known as Goryeo (; ; Middle Korean: 고ᇢ롕〮, ''kwòwlyéy''), was a Korean kingdom which was located on the northern and central parts of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of modern-day Northeast China (Manchuria). At its peak of power, Goguryeo encompassed most of the Korean Peninsula and large parts of Manchuria, along with parts of eastern Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and modern-day Russia. Along with Baekje and Silla, Goguryeo was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. It was an active participant in the power struggle for control of the Korean peninsula and was also associated with the foreign affairs of neighboring polities in China and Yamato period, Japan. Goguryeo was one of the great powers in East Asia until its defeat by a Silla–Tang alliance in 668 after prolonged exhaustion and internal strife following the death of Yeon Gaesomun. After its fall, its territory was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Of Goguryeo
King Yuri ( 38 BC – 18 AD, r. 19 BC – 18 AD) was the second ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the eldest son of the kingdom's founder Jumong. As with many other early Korean rulers, the events of his life are known largely from the '' Samguk sagi''. Reign Yuri is described as a powerful and militarily successful king. He conquered a Xianbei tribe in 9 BC with the help of Bu Bun-no. In 3 BC, Yuri moved the capital from Jolbon to Gungnae. The Han dynasty was overthrown by Wang Mang, who established the Xin dynasty. In 12 AD, Wang Mang sent a messenger to Goguryeo to ask for troops to assist in the conquest of the Xiongnu. Yuri rejected the request and instead attacked Xin. He had six sons and among them were Haemyeong and Muhyul. Haemyeong was proclaimed the crown prince of Goguryeo after the death of Dojeol, who was King Yuri's eldest son. But Yuri found Haemyeong to be too reckless and disobedient. Yuri replaced him with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onjo Of Baekje
Onjo (?–28, reigned c. 18 BC – AD 28) was the founding monarch of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. According to the '' Samguk sagi'', he founded the royal family of Baekje. Background There are a few theories and legends of Onjo's parentage. One is that he was the third son of King Dongmyeong (Jumong), the founder of the northern Korean kingdom Goguryeo. He was the younger brother of Yuri, who became Goguryeo's second king, and younger brother of Biryu who built small state in Michuhol. The second theory is that he is the son of Wutae, his mother's first husband. A third legend says that his older brother Biryu was his mother's son with Wutae but Onjo was born after the second marriage with King Dongmyeong.Samguk sagi, Scroll 23 Founding and expansion of Baekje Dongmyeong had three sons: Yuri, Biryu, and Onjo. When Yuri, born from Dongmyeong's previous wife in Dongbuyeo, came to Goguryeo and became the heir to the throne, Biryu and Onjo moved south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geumwa Of Buyeo
Hae Geumwa () was the second ruler (48–7 BCE) of Dongbuyeo (East Buyeo), an ancient kingdom of Korea. His story is recorded in the ''Samguk sagi'', ''Samguk Yusa'' and ''Book of King Dongmyeong''. Birth and background Geumwa (金蛙 or 金蝸) was the son of Hae Buru, who was the king of Dongbuyeo. According to the '' Samgukyusa'', Hae Buru was old and without an heir, when he found a gold-colored frog-like (or a gold-colored snail-like) child under a large rock near Lake Gonyeon. Hae Buru named the child ''Geumwa'', meaning golden frog (or golden snail), and later made him crown prince. Hae Buru established Dongbuyeo when he moved the capital east to Gaseopwon () by the East Sea. Reign Jumong's departure Geumwa became king after Hae Buru's death. At Ubal river (), south of Mount Taebaek, Geumwa met Lady Yuhwa (), the disowned daughter of Habaek (), the god of the Amnok River or, according to an alternative interpretation, the sun god Haebak (), and brought her back ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soseono
Soseono (; 66/7 – 6 BC) or Yeon Soseono () was the second wife of King Dongmyeong and a key figure in the establishment of both Goguryeo and Baekje. She was the mother of Biryu and Onjo. Establishment of two kingdoms The traditional account from the ''Annals of Baekje'' section in the ''Samguk Sagi'' states that Soseono was the daughter of Yeon Ta-bal, a wealthy influential figure in Holbon and the second wife of Jumong. The same source states that the chief of the Habaek tribe had given his daughter, Lady Ye, in marriage to Jumong and she was his first wife. Soseono's first husband was [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jolbon
Jolbon () was the first capital of Goguryeo, which arose in the north of the Korean Peninsula. Jolbon is thought to have been in modern Wunü Mountain, Liaoning province of China. Jolbon was also known by the names of Heulseunggol-seong in the ''Book of Wei'' and Holbon in the Gwanggaeto Stele. In 37 BC, Jumong had fled from Dongbuyeo to avoid death at the hands of Dongbuyeo's Crown Prince Daeso, who presented great jealousy towards Jumong. After he fled, Jumong established a new kingdom in 37 BC called Goguryeo in the Holbon region. In Jolbon, he married Soseono (or So Seo-no), who was the daughter of a local tribal leader. Jolbon was the first capital city of the ancient Korean Kingdom of Goguryeo from 37 BC – 3 AD.Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-hae, 《Korean History in Maps》, Cambridge University Press, 2014. p.30 The second ruler, the son of Jumong, Yuri, moved its capital to Gungnae Fortress. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baekje
Baekje or Paekche (; ) was a Korean kingdom located in southwestern Korea from 18 BCE to 660 CE. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla. While the three kingdoms were in separate existence, Baekje had the highest population of approximately 3,800,000 people (760,000 households), which was much larger than that of Silla (850,000 people) and similar to that of Goguryeo (3,500,000 people). Baekje was founded by Onjo of Baekje, Onjo, the third son of Goguryeo's founder King Dongmyeong of Goguryeo, Jumong and Soseono, at Wiryeseong (present-day southern Seoul). Baekje, like Goguryeo, claimed to succeed Buyeo kingdom, Buyeo, a state established in present-day Manchuria around the time of Gojoseon's fall. Baekje alternately battled and allied with Goguryeo and Silla as the three kingdoms expanded control over the peninsula. At its peak in the 4th century, Baekje controlled most of the western Korean peninsula, as far north as Pyongyang, and may ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biryu
Biryu (?-?) was the second son of Jumong and So Seo-no, and older brother of Onjo, the traditionally recognized founder of Baekje (18 BCE–660 CE), which was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. In an alternate legend, Biryu himself is described as the founder of Baekje. The Record of Baekje Founding The Korean history compilation ''Samguk Sagi'' presents two founding legends of Baekje, one crediting Onjo, and an alternate crediting Biryu. The ''Samguk Sagi'' relays only Onjo's descendants, not Biryu's, as the royal dynasty of Baekje. However, Biryu's descendants are thought to have maintained enough influence in Baekje for this legend to survive. According to the main account given in the ''Samguk Sagi'', Biryu settled in Michuhol, thought to be today's Incheon, South Korea. Onjo first settled north of the Han River, but later moved his capital to Hanam (meaning "south of the river") Wiryeseong () in or near today's Seoul. When the Michuhol land proved to be i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buyeo
Buyeo (; ; ), also rendered as Puyŏ or Fuyu, was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It had ties to the Yemaek people, who are considered to be the ancestors of modern Koreans. Buyeo is considered a major predecessor of the Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo and Baekje. According to the ''Book of the Later Han'', Buyeo was initially placed under the jurisdiction of the Xuantu Commandery, one of Four Commanderies of Han in the later Western Han. Buyeo entered into formal diplomatic relations with the Eastern Han dynasty by the mid-1st century AD as an important ally of that empire to check the Xianbei and Goguryeo threats. Jurisdiction of Buyeo was then placed under the Liaodong Commandery of the Eastern Han. After an incapacitating Xianbei invasion in 285, Buyeo was restored with help from the Jin dynasty. This, however, marked the beginning of a period of decline. A second Xianbei invasion in 346 finally destroyed the state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buru Of Buyeo
Hae Buru (; 86 – 48 BCE) was king of Bukbuyeo and founder of Dongbuyeo (86 BCE – 22 CE), an ancient Korean kingdom. Hae Buru took the throne and became the king of Bukbuyeo. Hae Buru led his followers and some of Bukbuyeo people to the city of Gaseopwon, a city near the Sea of Japan (East Korean Sea). In that same year, Hae Buru founded another Buyeo, which he named Dongbuyeo, due to its position east of Bukbuyeo. According to the ''Samguk yusa'', Il-yeon: ''Samguk Yusa: Legends and History of the Three Kingdoms of Ancient Korea'', translated by Tae-Hung Ha and Grafton K. Mintz. Book One, page 29. Silk Pagoda (2006). Aranbul, a minister of the Buyeo court, had a dream in which the Heavenly Emperor told him that Buyeo was to make way for the descendants of Heaven, and believing that the dream was a sort of omen, he advised his king Buru to move the capital. Buru later moved his capital to (迦葉原), and named his country Dongbuyeo. Hae Buru's wives apparently were not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Korea
This is a list of monarchs of Korea, arranged by dynasty. Names are romanized according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean. McCune–Reischauer romanizations may be found at the articles about the individual monarchs. Gojoseon Gojoseon (2333 BC – 108 BC) was the first Korean kingdom. According to legend, it was founded by Dangun in 2333 BC. Bronze Age archaeological evidence of Gojoseon culture is found in northern Korea and Liaoning. By the 9th to 4th century BC, various historical and archaeological evidence shows Gojoseon was a flourishing state and a self-declared kingdom. Both Dangun and Gija are believed to be mythological figures, but recent findings suggest and theorize that since Gojoseon was a kingdom with artifacts dating back to the 4th millennium BC, Dangun and Gija may have been royal or imperial titles used for the monarchs of Gojoseon, hence the use of Dangun for 1900 years. * : "An extreme manifestation of nationalism and the family cult was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Yuhwa
Habaengnyeo () or Habaengnyeorang () was the daughter of Habaek (), and the mother of Dongmyeong of Goguryeo (Ko Chumong), the founder of the kingdom of Goguryeo. She was also given the name Yuhwa () in ''Samguk Sagi'' and ''Samguk Yusa''. Mythological overview Habaek, the god of the Amnok River, had three beautiful daughters: Yuhwa, Hwonhwa (), and Wihwa (). The sisters were playing on the riverside, but ran away when they saw Hae Mo-su () approaching them. To lure the ladies, Hae Mo-su built an exquisitely decorated palace and held a banquet. After the sisters came into the palace and became drunk, Hae Mo-su attempted to block the exit, and was able to capture Yuhwa. Outraged by kidnapping of Yuhwa, Habaek sent his messenger to scold Hae Mo-su. Ashamed by his own actions, Hae Mo-su tried to let Yuhwa go, but Yuhwa refused to leave because she had fallen in love with him. To solve the problem, Hae Mo-su summoned a chariot drawn by five dragons and went to Habaek's palace. When ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
