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Juan López Sánchez
Juan López Sánchez (16 January 1900 – 1972) was a Spanish construction worker, anarchist and member of the ''Confederación Nacional del Trabajo'' (CNT, National Confederation of Labor), and one of the founders of the ''Federación Sindicalista Libertaria''. During the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) he was Minister of Commerce under Francisco Largo Caballero. After the war he spent several years in exile before returning to Spain where he lived without persecution and participated in the "vertical" trade union movement authorized by the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco. Early years (1900–1936) Juan López Sánchez was born in Bullas, Murcia in 1900, where his father was a member of the Civil Guard. A few years later his family moved to Barcelona, where López worked as a laborer. He became involved in politics as a member of the construction union in Barcelona, and was imprisoned in 1920. He was released by an amnesty in 1926 and joined the ''Solidaridad'' group. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Industry (Spain)
The Ministry of Industry and Tourism (MINCOTUR) is the Spanish government departments, department of the Government of Spain responsible for the proposal and execution of the government policy on industry, trade and Tourism in Spain, tourism, including among its competences the industrial development and of the Small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs, the promotion and defense of the industrial property, as well as the politics of tourism and the rest of competences and attributions that the legal system attributes to it. Likewise, in coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Spain), Foreign Ministry is responsible for the international cooperation on this matters. The Industry Ministry, along with the Ministry of Defence (Spain), Defence Ministry, has an important presence in the military industry. The MINCOTUR supervises the imports and exports of military materials through the Interministerial Regulatory Board on Foreign Trade of Defense Material and Dual Purpose (JI ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Negrín
Juan Negrín López (; 3 February 1892 – 12 November 1956) was a Spanish physician and politician who served as prime minister of the Second Spanish Republic. He was a leader of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (, PSOE) and of the left-leaning Popular Front government during the Spanish Civil War. He also served as finance minister. He was the last Loyalist premier of Spain (1937–1939), leading the Republican forces defeated by the Nationalists under General Francisco Franco. He was President of the Council of Ministers of the Second Spanish Republic and the Spanish Republican government in exile between 1937 and 1945. He died in exile in Paris, France. None of the leaders of the Second Spanish Republic has been as vilified as Negrín, not only by Francoist historians but also by important sectors of the exiled Spanish Left. The leaders of his own Socialist Party were among his detractors, including his friend and fellow socialist leader Indalecio Prieto. He has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1972 Deaths
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, mean solar time [the legal time scale], its duration was 31622401.141 seconds of Terrestrial Time (or Ephemeris Time), which is slightly shorter than 1908 in science#Astronomy, 1908). Events January * January 1 – Kurt Waldheim becomes Secretary-General of the United Nations. * January 4 – The first scientific hand-held calculator (HP-35) is introduced (price $395). * January 7 – Iberia Airlines Flight 602 crashes into a 462-meter peak on the island of Ibiza; 104 are killed. * January 9 – The RMS Queen Elizabeth, RMS ''Queen Elizabeth'' catches fire and sinks in Hong Kong's Victoria harbor while undergoing conversion to a floating university. * January 10 – Independence leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman returns to Bangladesh after s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1900 Births
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), 2100. Summary Political and military The year 1900 was the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Two days into the new year, the U.S. Secretary of State John Hay announced the Open Door Policy regarding China, advocating for equal access for all nations to the Chinese market. The Galveston hurricane would become the deadliest natural disaster in United States history, killing between 6,000 and 12,000 people, mostly in and near Galveston, Texas, as well as leaving 10,000 people homeless, destroying 7,000 buildings of all kinds in Galveston. As of 2025, it remains the fourth deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. An ongoing Boxer Rebellion in China escalates with multiple attacks by the Boxers on Chines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universidad De Murcia
The University of Murcia () is the primary institute of higher education in Murcia, Spain. With a student population of approximately 38,000, it is the largest university in the Region of Murcia. Founded in 1272 AD, the University of Murcia is the third oldest university in Spain, following only the University of Salamanca (1218 AD) and the University of Valladolid (1241 AD), and the thirteenth oldest in the world. The University of Murcia was established by the King Alfonso X of Castile under the Crown of Castile. The majority of the university's facilities and buildings are spread over two campuses: the older is La Merced, situated in the town center, and the larger is Espinardo, 5km to the north of Murcia. History The first university in Murcia was founded as the Universitas Studiorum Murciana by Alfonso X of Castile around 1272. The current modern University of Murcia was founded in 1915, making it the tenth oldest university in Spain among the modern universities, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salvador De Madariaga
Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo (23 July 1886 – 14 December 1978) was a Spanish "eminent liberal", diplomat, writer, historian and pacifist who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Nobel Peace Prize and awarded the Charlemagne Prize in 1973. Early life Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo was born on 23 July 1886 in A Coruña, Galicia, Kingdom of Spain. He graduated with a degree in engineering in Paris, France. Career Madariaga returned to Spain and became an engineer for the Northern Spanish Railway Company. He then came into contact with ''Generación del 14'' intellectuals. In 1916, he abandoned that for work in London as a journalist for ''The Times'' newspaper. Meanwhile, he began publishing his first essays. In 1921, he became a press member of the Secretariat of the League of Nations and chief of the Disarmament Section in 1922. In 1928, he was appointed Professor of Spanish at Oxford University for three years during which he wrote a book on nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenceslao Carrillo
Wenceslao Carrillo Alonso-Forjador (9 October 1889 in Valladolid, Spain – 7 November 1963 in Charleroi, Belgium) was a prominent Spanish Socialist leader and the father of Santiago Carrillo. He belonged to the " Caballerist" faction of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( , PSOE ) is a Social democracy, social democratic Updated as required.The PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * List of political parties in Spain, political party ... and participated in the Casado's coup of March 1939. References 1889 births 1963 deaths People from Valladolid Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians Government ministers of Spain Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic Politicians from Castile and León Spanish trade unionists Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction) Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in Belgium Madrid city councillors {{M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarragona
Tarragona (, ; ) is a coastal city and municipality in Catalonia (Spain). It is the capital and largest town of Tarragonès county, the Camp de Tarragona region and the province of Tarragona. Geographically, it is located on the Costa Daurada area on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean shore. During the period of the Roman Empire, it was one of the most prominent cities of the Iberian Peninsula, as the capital, successively, of the Roman provinces of Hispania Citerior and Hispania Tarraconensis. The Archaeological Ensemble of Tárraco, Archaeological Complex of Tàrraco is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. History Punic Etymology Ta-Aragona name in Phoenician means the Aragona, which is the native Iberian term for the Ebro Vallay. Mythical Origins One Catalan legend holds that Tarragona was named for ''Tarraho'', eldest son of Tubal in c. 2407 BC; another (derived from Strabo and Megasthenes) attributes the name to 'Taharqa, Tearcon the Ethiopian', a seventh-century BC pharaoh w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Trade Union Organisation
The Spanish Syndical Organization (; OSE), popularly known in Spain as the (the "Vertical Trade Union"), was the sole legal trade union for most of the Francoist dictatorship. A public-law entity created in 1940, the vertically-structured OSE was a core part of the project for frameworking the Economy and the State in Francoist Spain, following the trend of the new type of "harmonicist" and corporatist understanding of labour relations vouching for worker–employer collaboration developed in totalitarian regimes such as those of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy in the first half of the 20th century. Up until the early 1950s, it internally worked—at least on a rhetorical basis—according to the discourse of national syndicalism. Previous unions, like the anarchist CNT and the socialist UGT, were outlawed and driven underground, and joining the OSE was mandatory for all employed citizens. It was disbanded in 1977. History The OSE was founded in 1940, established in a January 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalonia
Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationalities and regions of Spain, nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006, Statute of Autonomy. Most of its territory (except the Val d'Aran) is situated on the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, to the south of the Pyrenees mountain range. Catalonia is administratively divided into four Provinces of Spain, provinces or eight Vegueries of Catalonia, ''vegueries'' (regions), which are in turn divided into 43 Comarques of Catalonia, ''comarques''. The capital and largest city, Barcelona, is the second-most populous Municipalities in Spain, municipality in Spain and the fifth-most populous List of metropolitan areas in Europe, urban area in the European Union. > > > ''Catalonia'' theoretically derived. During the Middle Ages, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine chroniclers claimed that ''Catalania'' derives from the local medley of Goths with Alans, initially constituting a ''Goth-Alania''. Othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Defence Council (Spain)
The National Defence Council () was the governing body in Second Spanish Republic, Republican Spain at the end of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). The council seized power with Spanish coup of March 1939, Colonel Segismundo Casado's coup on 5 March 1939 when it was clear that the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans had lost the war. The leaders hoped to negotiate an end to hostilities with the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), rebel forces led by General Francisco Franco. However, Franco insisted on unconditional surrender, and on 26 March 1939 launched the final offensive of the Spanish Civil War. By the end of the month he controlled the whole country. Most of the council members escaped into exile on British warships. Background As early as May 1937, when Julián Besteiro of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party went to London to represent the Spanish Republic at the coronation of King George VI, president Manuel Azaña asked him to inquire if the Bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorenzo Íñigo Granizo
Lorenzo Íñigo Granizo (10 August 1910 – 30 April 1991) was a Spanish metalworker and anarchist trade unionist. He played an important role during the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) and later became head of the anarchist trade union federation, the ''Confederación Nacional del Trabajo'' (CNT). Early years Lorenzo Íñigo Granizo was born in Ledanca, Guadalajara, Castile on 10 August 1910. In 1916, he moved to Madrid with his father and eight brothers. His father died when he was 9, and he began working at the age of 10. When he was 14 he became a metalworker. He joined the metalworkers union of the ''Confederación Nacional del Trabajo'' (CNT) in 1931. In 1932, he joined the ''Federación Anarquista Ibérica'' (FAI). Íñigo was also an activist in the ''Juventudes del Ateneo del Barrio Bajo'' and a member of the ''Federación Ibérica de Juventudes Libertarias'' (FIJL, Iberian Federation of Libertarian Youth). In 1934, he became secretary of the ''Juventudes Libertarias Madril ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
