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Juan De Oñate (alcalde Mayor)
Juan de Oñate y Salazar (; 1550–1626) was a Spanish conquistador, explorer and viceroy of the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in the viceroyalty of New Spain, in the present-day U.S. state of New Mexico. He led early Spanish expeditions to the Great Plains and Lower Colorado River Valley, encountering numerous indigenous tribes in their homelands there. Oñate founded settlements in the province, now in the Southwestern United States. Oñate is notorious for the 1599 Ácoma Massacre. This series of events transpired after Oñate sent his nephew, Juan de Zaldívar, to ask Acoma Pueblo to submit to the Spanish throne and Catholicism. Accounts of what happened next differ. The majority of accounts include the Spainards forcefully taking Acoma blankets and food. A fight ensued and many of the Spanish group, including Zaldívar, were killed. Oñate arrived to Acoma Pueblo on January 21st with an army including canons and muskets. The Spanish set fire to the Pueblo. Approx ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equestrian Statue Of Juan De Oñate
An equestrian statue of Juan de Oñate formerly stood in Alcalde, New Mexico, in the United States. Installed as part of a project to honor Hispanic culture, the monument was removed in June 2020 amid the George Floyd protests. It was situated outside the Northern Rio Grande National Heritage Center (until 2017 the Oñate Monument and Visitor Center) in Alcalde, New Mexico from 1994 to 2020. Description The statue, cast in bronze by Reynaldo Rivera, was erected in 1994. History The right foot of the statue was cut off on December 29, 1997, shortly before commemorations for the 400th anniversary, in 1998, of Oñate's arrival in New Mexico.Ginger Thompson"As a Sculpture Takes Shape in Mexico, Opposition Takes Shape in the U.S.," ''The New York Times'', January 17, 2002. Retrieved 2008-07-15. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan De Zaldívar (Spanish Soldier)
Juan de Zaldívar (c. 1570–1598) was a Spanish soldier and explorer. He was an early colonizer of New Mexico. He was killed by Native Americans. Early life Juan de Zaldívar was born circa 1570 in Northern Mexico. His father, Vicente de Zaldívar Sr., served in the Mixtón War of 1540-1542 alongside his uncle (thus Juan's great-uncle), Cristóbal de Oñate. His mother was Magdalena de Mendoza y Salazar. He had a brother, Vicente de Zaldívar. Juan de Oñate was their uncle and second cousin. Career In 1595, Zaldívar was asked by his uncle, Juan de Oñate, to serve as his Maestre de Campo, or field marshal, in Oñate's colonization of New Mexico for the Spanish Crown. They departed from Santa Bárbara, Chihuahua in January 1598, arriving in Ciudad Juárez by April of the same year. They went up the Rio Grande, arriving in San Juan de los Caballeros (now known as Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico) on July 11, 1598. Death Zaldívar was killed by Acoma in Acoma Pueblo Acoma Pueblo ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonzalo De Salazar
Gonzalo de Salazar (Granada, Castile – , New Spain) was an aristocrat, and leader of several councils that governed New Spain while Hernán Cortés was traveling to Honduras, in 1525−26. Early life Though born into a family which was originally Jewish, Gonzalo was the first child baptized to the Christian faith in Granada after its reconquest from the Moors. Consequently, he was granted titles, special privileges, and at an early age, appointed royal page to the Catholic Monarchs at court in Granada, despite his otherwise New Christian pedigree. He fought in the Castilian War of the Communities, opposing the rebels against Emperor Charles V. For this, Charles rewarded him with the position of (tax collector), and Captain General (see below) of New Spain from 29 December 1524, until 29 January 1526. Prior to the appointment of a Viceroy in New Spain, Gonzalo had worked, alongside Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Estrada (who preceded him, and succeeded him—they w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sephardic Jews
Sephardic Jews, also known as Sephardi Jews or Sephardim, and rarely as Iberian Peninsular Jews, are a Jewish diaspora population associated with the historic Jewish communities of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) and their descendants. The term "Sephardic" comes from '' Sepharad'', the Hebrew word for Iberia. These communities flourished for centuries in Iberia until they were expelled in the late 15th century. Over time, "Sephardic" has also come to refer more broadly to Jews, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa, who adopted Sephardic religious customs and legal traditions, often due to the influence of exiles. In some cases, Ashkenazi Jews who settled in Sephardic communities and adopted their liturgy are also included under this term. Today, Sephardic Jews form a major component of world Jewry, with the largest population living in Israel. The earliest documented Jewish presence in the Iberian Peninsula dates to the Roman period, beginning in the fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conversos
A ''converso'' (; ; feminine form ''conversa''), "convert" (), was a Jew who converted to Catholicism in Spain or Portugal, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries, or one of their descendants. To safeguard the Old Christian population and make sure that the ''converso'' "New Christians" were true to their new faith, the Holy Office of the Inquisition was established in Spain in 1478. The Catholic Monarchs of Spain Ferdinand and Isabella expelled the remaining openly practising Jews by the Alhambra Decree of 1492, following the Christian ''Reconquista'' (reconquest) of Spain. However, a significant proportion of these remaining practising Jews chose to join the already large ''converso'' community rather than face exile. ''Conversos'' who did not fully or genuinely embrace Catholicism, but continued to practise Judaism in secrecy, were referred to as ''judaizantes'' " Judaizers" and pejoratively as '' marranos''. New Christian converts of Muslim origin were kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Christian
New Christian (; ; ; ; ; ) was a socio-religious designation and legal distinction referring to the population of former Jews, Jewish and Muslims, Muslim Conversion to Christianity, converts to Christianity in the Spanish Empire, Spanish and Portuguese Empire, Portuguese empires, and their European colonization of the Americas, respective colonies in the New World. The term was used from the 15th century onwards primarily to describe the descendants of the Sephardic Jews and Moors that were Baptism, baptized into the Catholic Church following the Alhambra Decree of 1492. The Alhambra Decree, also known as the Edict of Expulsion, was an anti-Jewish law made by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Catholic Monarchs upon the ''Reconquista'' of the Iberian Peninsula. It required Jews to convert to Roman Catholicism or be Expulsions and exoduses of Jews, expelled from Spain. Most of the history of the "New Christians" refers to the Jewish converts, who were generally known as ''Conversos'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Haro
The House of Haro was one of the most powerful families of Castile during the Middle Ages, which strongly supported the expansionist policies of Alfonso VI of Castile. As a reward, Íñigo López was named the first Lord of Biscay. In the early 16th century, the Haro family married paternally into the House of Sotomayor establishing a branch that would go on to hold dominion over the Marquesado del Carpio established in 1559 by King Philip II of Spain Philip II (21 May 152713 September 1598), sometimes known in Spain as Philip the Prudent (), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and List of Sicilian monarchs, Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598. He .... Bibliography * Salazar y Castro, Luis, ''Historia genealógica de la Casa de Haro'', Dalmiro de la Válgoma y Díaz-Varela, Madrid, 1959. * Baury, Ghislain, "Diego López 'le bon' et Diego López 'le mauvais' : comment s'est construite la mémoire d'un magnat du règne d'Alph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cristóbal De Oñate
Cristóbal de Oñate (1504 — October 6, 1567) was a Spanish Basque explorer, conquistador and colonial official in New Spain. He is considered the founder of the contemporary city of Guadalajara in 1531, as well as other places in Nueva Galicia (western New Spain). Background Oñate was born in 1504 in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, to Juan Perez de Oñate and Osaña González. He was born into the House of Haro, whose origins date to the Middle Ages. He was a grandson of Pedro de Baeza, Señor de Narrihondo, one of Spain's last feudal lords. He was an officer and executive who became one of the first millionaires in North America. He discovered the richest silver mines on the continent, located in Zacatecas. Activities in New Spain Oñate arrived in New Spain in 1524 as the assistant to Rodrigo de Albornoz. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and king of Spain had made Albornoz auditor, one of five royal officials named to oversee Cortés's government in the colony. In New Spain, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Basque Country
The Southern Basque Country (; ) refers to the Basque territories southside of the Pyrenees, within the Iberian Peninsula. Name In Basque language, known as '' Euskera'', natives have referred to the Basque districts as ''Euskal Herria(k)''. During history, it has been named in a variety of ways (mainly through regional political etymologies according to contemporary administrative sources) * Up to the early 19th century: ''Bizkaia'' (in an ethnic sense), ''Bizkaia and Nafarroa'' (political approach), the ''Basque provinces'' * 19th century through to late 20th century: The "Four in One" (''Laurak Bat''), ''Vasconia'' (scholarly term), the ''Sister Provinces'', the ''Exempt Provinces'', the ''Chartered Provinces'', the ''Basque Provinces and Nafarroa'' (legally in 1833), the Basque-Navarrese Country, the Basque Country, the Southside (''Hegoalde'') ''Peninsular'' Basque Country can refer to this same territory as the Basque-derived term "Southern Basque Country" invariably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zacatecas (city)
Zacatecas () is the principal city within the municipality in Mexico of the same name, and the capital of the state of Zacatecas. Located in north-central Mexico, the city had its start as a Spanish mining camp in the mid-16th century. Native Americans had already known about the area's rich deposits of silver and other minerals. Due to the wealth that the mines provided, Zacatecas quickly became one of the most important mining cities in New Spain. The area saw battles during the turbulent 19th century, but the next major event was the Battle of Zacatecas during the Mexican Revolution when Francisco Villa captured the town, an event still celebrated every anniversary. Today, the colonial part of the city is a World Heritage Site, due to the Baroque and other structures built during its mining days. Mining still remains an important industry. The name Zacatecas is derived from the Zacateco people and has its roots in Nahuatl. The name means "people of the grasslands". History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Juan De Oñate Y Salazar
A coat is typically an outer clothing, garment for the upper body, worn by any gender for warmth or fashion. Coats typically have long sleeves and are open down the front, and closing by means of Button (clothing), buttons, zippers, Hook-and-loop fastener, hook-and-loop fasteners (AKA velcro), toggles, a belt (clothing), belt, or a combination of some of these. Other possible features include Collar (clothing), collars, shoulder straps, and hood (headgear), hoods. Etymology ''Coat'' is one of the earliest clothing category words in English language, English, attested as far back as the early Middle Ages. (''See also'' Clothing terminology.) The Oxford English Dictionary traces ''coat'' in its modern meaning to , when it was written ''cote'' or ''cotte''. The word coat stems from Old French and then Latin ''cottus.'' It originates from the Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European word for woolen clothes. An early use of ''coat'' in English is Mail (armour), coat of mai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Arriba County
Rio Arriba County () is a List of counties in New Mexico, county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population was 40,363. Its county seat is Tierra Amarilla, New Mexico, Tierra Amarilla. Its northern border is the Colorado state line. Rio Arriba County comprises the Española, New Mexico, Española, NM Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Albuquerque, New Mexico, Albuquerque-Santa Fe, New Mexico, Santa Fe-Las Vegas, New Mexico, Las Vegas, NM Albuquerque-Santa Fe-Las Vegas, NM Combined Statistical Area, Combined Statistical Area. History The county was one of nine originally created for the Territory of New Mexico in 1852. Originally extending west to the California line, it included the site of present-day Las Vegas, Nevada. The county seat was initially sited at Chamita, New Mexico, San Pedro de Chamita, and shortly afterwards at Los Luceros, New Mexico, Los Luceros. In 1860 the seat was moved to Alca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
