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José Reyes Vega
José Reyes Vega was a Mexican priest who participated in the Cristero War as a general. He was known as "Father Vega". On April 19, 1927, an event took place that almost succeeded in extinguishing the revolution. He led a raid against a train in La Barca, Jalisco, said to be carrying a shipment of money. In a shootout that followed with the army escort, Vega's younger brother was killed. Maddened with grief, he had the wooden cars doused with gasoline, and 51 civilian passengers were burned alive. After one engagement, he had federal prisoners stabbed to death to save ammunition. The atrocity helped to turn public opinion against the Cristeros. The Cristeros mounted an attack on Guadalajara in late March. Though it failed, the rebels won a smashing victory at the Battle of Tepatitlán against Saturnino Cedillo, in the heart of Los Altos, on April 19. Vega, who designed the plan that won the victory, was killed in the engagement. See also * Cristero War * Battle of Tepati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cristero War
The Cristero War (), also known as the Cristero Rebellion or , was a widespread struggle in central and western Mexico from 3 August 1926 to 21 June 1929 in response to the implementation of secularism, secularist and anti-clericalism, anticlerical articles of the Constitution of Mexico, 1917 Constitution. The rebellion was instigated as a response to an executive decree by Mexican President Plutarco Elías Calles to strictly enforce Article 130 of the Constitution, an implementing act known as the Calles Law. Calles sought to limit the power of the Catholic Church in Mexico, its affiliated organizations and to suppress popular religiosity. The rural uprising in north-central Mexico was tacitly supported by the Church hierarchy, and was aided by urban Catholic supporters. The Mexican Army received support from the United States. American Ambassador Dwight Morrow brokered negotiations between the Calles government and the Church. The government made some concessions, the Church w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Barca, Jalisco
La Barca is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is one of twenty five municipalities that make up the state of Jalisco. It's located in the Ciénega region, and encompasses 37,948 kilometers squared. The 2020 Census counted 67,937 inhabitants. It is located on the north banks of the Lerma River, on the state border between Jalisco and Michoacán. During pre-hispanic times, the region carried the name ''Chicunahutenco'', meaning the edge of the nine waters. Being located on the road to Guadalajara Guadalajara ( ; ) is the capital and the most populous city in the western Mexican List of states of Mexico, state of Jalisco, as well as the most densely populated municipality in Jalisco. According to the 2020 census, the city has a population ..., travelers during colonial times had to cross a ferry at this site, in order to cross the Lerma River. In order to accommodate travelers, the establishment of a settlement was thus decreed by the Spanish author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tepatitlán
The Battle of Tepatitlán was fought on April 19, 1929, at Tepatitlán in the state of Jalisco Jalisco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in western Mexico and is bordered by s ... between the Cristeros and the army of the Mexican government. The government army was composed of 500 soldiers and 4,000 militia. The Cristeros were victorious but their leader Father Jose Reyes Vega was killed. According to Jean Meyer, the battle was on April 19. Fr. Vega commanded three regiments in a pincer movement which enveloped six Federal units. On the other hand, Moisés González Navarro confirms that Fr. Vega was killed in the battle, but he states that it occurred on April 20. Moisés González Navarro, ''Cristeros y agraristas en Jalisco Tomo 2,'' (El Colegio de Mexico, 2001) page 424/ref> References {{DEFAULTSORT:Tepati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saturnino Cedillo
Saturnino Cedillo Martínez (November 29, 1890 – January 11, 1939) was a Mexican politician who participated in the Mexican Revolution and the Cristero War. He was governor of San Luis Potosí from 1927 to 1931 through the Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR) and served as Secretary of Agriculture on two occasions, one under President Pascual Ortiz Rubio and again under President Lázaro Cárdenas. He maintained ''de facto'' control of his home state until shortly before his death. He "was the last of the great military ''caciques'' of the Mexican Revolution who maintained his own quasi-private personal army," building a fiefdom in the state of San Luis Potosí. Cedillo rose in rebellion against Cárdenas in 1938 and was killed. Early life Saturnino Cedillo was the son of Amado Cedillo and Pantaleona Martínez. He was born in 1890 in Palomas, a ranch belonging to the municipality of Ciudad del Maíz. He was one of seven siblings: Elena, Homobono, Magdaleno, Cleofas, Engraci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The True Story Of Cristiada
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dean Wright
Dean Wright (born May 15, 1962) is a film director and visual effects supervisor, best known for his work on The Lord of the Rings (film series), ''The Lord of the Rings'' film trilogy and ''The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe''. Biography Michigan-born Wright enrolled at the University of Arizona film school to pursue a career as a filmmaker. Relocating to Los Angeles in 1989, he landed work with one of the industry's most prominent directors, James Cameron, on the groundbreaking project ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day''. The film's success propelled Wright into larger production rolls in a variety of capacities alongside acclaimed filmmakers. He became the VFX production manager for Cameron's own visual effect's house, Digital Domain. Collaborating with effects supervisor Rob Legato, Wright worked on ''Titanic (1997 film), Titanic''. The film garnered eleven Academy Awards, including the Oscar for Best Visual Effects. Wright was promoted to visual effe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California State University, San Bernardino
California State University, San Bernardino (Cal State San Bernardino or CSUSB) is a public research university in San Bernardino, California. Founded in 1965, it is part of the California State University system. The main campus sits on in the University District of San Bernardino, with a branch campus of in Palm Desert, California, opened in 1986. Cal State San Bernardino's fall 2020 enrollment was 19,404. In fall 2019, it had 505 full-time faculty, of which 385 (76 percent) were on the tenure track. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity", offering bachelor's degrees in 123 programs, master's degrees in 61 programs, two Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) programs (Community College specialization and K–12 specialization), and 23 teaching credentials. CSUSB's sports teams are known as the Coyotes and play in the California Collegiate Athletic Association in the Division II of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phi Alpha Theta
Phi Alpha Theta () is an American honor society for undergraduate and graduate students and professors of history. It was created in 1921 at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas. It has more than 400,000 members, with new members numbering about 9,000 a year through its 970 chapters. History Nels Andrew N. Cleven, a professor of history at the University of Arkansas, played an active role in fraternity and sorority social affairs and became inspired by the structure of those groups to create a society for historical study. Cleven invited students to a meeting to form what was then called the University Historical Society on March 14, 1921, establishing the society on March 17, 1921. In April, the decision was made for the society to be known by the Greek letters Phi Alpha Theta. Symbols The description of the society's emblem is precise: The emblem of the Society is a gold disc, ''"''with the edge milled to represent a serpent's body, the forepart of the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honor Society
In the United States, an honor society is an organization that recognizes individuals who rank above a set standard in various domains such as academics, leadership, and other personal achievements, not all of which are based on ranking systems. These societies acknowledge excellence among peers in diverse fields and circumstances. The Order of the Arrow, for example, is the National Honor Society of the Boy Scouts of America. While the term commonly refers to scholastic honor societies, which primarily acknowledge students who excel academically or as leaders among their peers, it also applies to other types of societies. History The origins of honor societies in the United States can be traced back to the establishment of Phi Beta Kappa in 1776 at the College of William and Mary, which began as a debating society and did not initially impose grade point average (GPA) restrictions for membership. Many honor societies invite students to become members based on the scholastic ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1929 Deaths
This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic Counter-revolutionary, counter-revolution in Mexico. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, a British high court, ruled that Canadian women are persons in the ''Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General)'' case. The 1st Academy Awards for film were held in Los Angeles, while the Museum of Modern Art opened in New York City. The Peruvian Air Force was created. In Asia, the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the Soviet Union engaged in a Sino-Soviet conflict (1929), minor conflict after the Chinese seized full control of the Manchurian Chinese Eastern Railway, which ended with a resumption of joint administration. In the Soviet Union, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary Joseph S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Missing
A year is a unit of time based on how long it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun. In scientific use, the tropical year (approximately 365 solar days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds) and the sidereal year (about 20 minutes longer) are more exact. The modern calendar year, as reckoned according to the Gregorian calendar, approximates the tropical year by using a system of leap years. The term 'year' is also used to indicate other periods of roughly similar duration, such as the lunar year (a roughly 354-day cycle of twelve of the Moon's phasessee lunar calendar), as well as periods loosely associated with the calendar or astronomical year, such as the seasonal year, the fiscal year, the academic year, etc. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by changes in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
