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Josip Manolić
Josip "Joža" Manolić (; 22 March 1920 – 15 April 2024) was a Croatian politician and Communism, communist revolutionary during World War II in Yugoslavia. He served as a high-ranking official of the SFR Yugoslavia, Yugoslav State Security Administration (OZNA or UDBA) and later as Prime Minister of Croatia, from 24 August 1990 to 17 July 1991. He was the last prime minister of Croatia as a Socialist Republic of Croatia, constituent republic of Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia, as the country formally Statehood Day (Croatia), declared its independence during his term, on 25 June 1991. Following his brief term as prime minister, Manolić served as the first Speaker of the Chamber of Counties of Croatia, Speaker of the Chamber of Counties, the then upper house of the Croatian Parliament, from 1993 until 1994. Youth and World War II Manolić was born on 22 March 1920 in Kalinovac near Đurđevac to a well-to-do working-class family as the youngest of four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speaker Of The Chamber Of Counties Of Croatia
The Speaker of the Chamber of Counties (, literally the President of the Chamber of Counties of the Croatian Parliament) was the presiding officer of the Chamber of Counties, the upper chamber of the Croatian Parliament from 22 March 1993 until its abolition by constitution changes on 28 March 2001. The Speaker of the Chamber of Counties was elected by a majority of the chamber's members for the duration of the parliamentary term. In the event of a dissolution of the chamber, the speaker would continue to serve until the inauguration of his or her successor. Only two individuals held the office of Speaker of the Chamber of Counties during its eight-year existence: Josip Manolić (1993–1994) and Katica Ivanišević (1994–2001). Katica Ivanišević remains the only woman to have served as Speaker of either chamber of Croatian Parliament. The office became defunct upon the passing of constitutional amendments by which the Chamber of Counties was abolished and the bicameral Croat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Federal Republic Of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe. It was established in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, breakup of Yugoslavia, dissolving amid the onset of the Yugoslav Wars. Spanning an area of in the Balkans, Yugoslavia was bordered by the Adriatic Sea and Italy to the west, Austria and Hungarian People's Republic, Hungary to the north, People's Republic of Bulgaria, Bulgaria and Socialist Republic of Romania, Romania to the east, and People's Socialist Republic of Albania, Albania and Greece to the south. It was a One-party state, one-party socialist state and federation governed by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, and had six constituent republics: Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đurđevac
Đurđevac is a town in the Koprivnica-Križevci County in Croatia. History Until 1918, Đurđevac (named ''Militär Sanct Georgen'' before 1850) was part of the Austrian monarchy (Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia after the compromise of 1867), in the Croatian Military Frontier, under the WARASDIN-ST. GEORGENER Regiment N°VI. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, Đurđevac was a district capital in the Bjelovar-Križevci County of the Kingdom. Climate Since records began in 1960, the highest temperature recorded at the local weather station was , on 10 August 2017. The coldest temperature was , on 16 January 1963. Economy Population According to the 2011 census, there are a total of 8,264 inhabitants in the municipality, in the following settlements: * Budrovac, population 373 * Čepelovac, population 345 * Đurđevac, population 6,349 * Grkine, population 131 * Mičetinac, population 207 * Severovci, population 142 * Sirova Katalena, population 281 * Suha Katalena, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Parliament
The Croatian Parliament () or the Sabor is the Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of Croatia. Under the terms of the Constitution of Croatia, Croatian Constitution, the Sabor represents the nation, people and is vested with legislative power. The Sabor is composed of 151 members Elections in Croatia, elected to a four-year term on the basis of direct, universal and equal suffrage by secret ballot. Seats are allocated according to the Croatian Parliament electoral districts: 140 members of the parliament are elected in multi-seat constituency, constituencies. An additional three seats are reserved for the Croatian diaspora, diaspora and Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, while national minorities have eight places reserved in parliament. The Sabor is presided over by a Speaker of the Croatian Parliament, Speaker, who is assisted by at least one deputy speaker (usually four or five deputies). The Sabor's powers are defined by the Constitution of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper House
An upper house is one of two Legislative chamber, chambers of a bicameralism, bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameralism, unicameral. History While the Roman Senate, senate of the ancient roman kingdom 755 BC was the first assembly of aristocrats counseling the king, the first upper house of a bicameral legislature was the medieval House of Lords consisting of the archbishops, bishops, abbots and nobility, which emerged during the reign of King Edward III around 1341 when the Parliament clearly separated into two distinct Debating chamber, chambers, the House of Commons of England, House of Commons, consisting of the shire and borough representatives, and the House of Lords. 1808 Spain adopted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statehood Day (Croatia)
Statehood Day (, ) is an annual public holiday and national day celebrated on 30 May in Croatia to celebrate the constitution of the first modern multi-party Croatian Parliament in 1990. As a national day and public holiday, it is a non-working day for all government employees and the majority of the labour force based in Croatia. While there are no strict or established forms of celebration associated with the holiday, it is usually celebrated outdoors. The day is usually marked by family reunions, Picnic, picnics, Barbecue, barbecues, flag-raising ceremony, flag-raising and national anthem-playing ceremonies and by civilian and military parades on quinquennial or decennial anniversaries. History On 30 May 1990, the first modern multi-party Croatian Parliament convened, following the 1990 Croatian parliamentary election. On 25 June 1991, after the Croatian independence referendum, 1991, independence referendum held on 19 May 1991, Croatia proclaimed its independence, but due ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Republic Of Croatia
The Socialist Republic of Croatia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska, Социјалистичка Република Хрватска), commonly abbreviated as SR Croatia and referred to as simply Croatia, was a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia#Federal units, constituent republic and federated state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. By its constitution, modern-day Croatia is its direct continuation. Along with five other Yugoslav republics, Croatia was formed during World War II and became a Socialist state, socialist republic after the war. It had four full official names during its 48-year existence (#Names, see below). By territory and population, it was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia, after the Socialist Republic of Serbia. In 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government – installed by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, League of Communists – and adopted a multi-party democra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Academic And Research Network
CARNET (Croatian Academic and Research Network, ) is the national research and education network of Croatia. It is funded from the government budget and it operates from offices in Zagreb and five other cities. CARNET was established in 1991 as a project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of Croatia. In March 1995 the Government of the Republic of Croatia passed the Decree on founding of the CARNET institution with the purpose of facilitating progress of individuals, as well as of the society as a whole, through the use of new information technologies. CARNET's activities can be divided in three basic areas: Internet service provision, encouragement of information society development and education for the new era. History The institution A body responsible for coordinating the establishment of the Croatian educational computer network has been established on 3 October 1991. That was the beginning of the work of the Croatian Academic and Research Networ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Security Administration
The State Security Service, also known by its original name as the Directorate for State Security, was the secret police organization of Communist Yugoslavia. It was at all times best known by the acronym UDBA, which is derived from the organization's original name in the Serbo-Croatian language: "''Uprava državne bezbednosti''" ("Directorate for State Security"). The acronyms SDB (Serbian) or SDS (Croatian) were used officially after the organization was renamed into "State Security Service". In its latter decades it was composed of eight semi-independent secret police organizations—one for each of the six Yugoslav federal republics and two for the autonomous provinces—coordinated by the central federal headquarters in the capital of Belgrade. Although it operated with more restraint than secret police agencies in the communist states of Eastern Europe, the UDBA was a feared tool of control. It is alleged that the UDBA was responsible for the "eliminations" of thousands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SFR Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It was established in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, dissolving amid the onset of the Yugoslav Wars. Spanning an area of in the Balkans, Yugoslavia was bordered by the Adriatic Sea and Italy to the west, Austria and Hungary to the north, Bulgaria and Romania to the east, and Albania and Greece to the south. It was a one-party socialist state and federation governed by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, and had six constituent republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Within Serbia was the Yugoslav capital city of Belgrade as well as two autonomous Yugoslav provinces: Kosovo and Vojvodina. The country emerged as Democratic Fede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products in society based on need.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." A communist society entails the absence of private property and social classes, and ultimately money and the State (polity), state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a Libertarian socialism, libertarian socialist approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and an authoritarian socialism, authoritarian socialist, vanguardis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II In Yugoslavia
World War II in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the country was Invasion of Yugoslavia, invaded and swiftly conquered by Axis powers, Axis forces and partitioned among Nazi Germany, Germany, Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Italy, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria and their Client state, client regimes. Shortly after Operation Barbarossa, Germany attacked the USSR on 22 June 1941, the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans, on orders from Moscow, launched a guerrilla liberation war fighting against the Axis forces and their locally established Puppet state, puppet regimes, including the Axis-allied Independent State of Croatia (NDH) and the Government of National Salvation in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia, German-occupied territory of Serbia. This was dubbed the National Liberation War and Socialist Revolution in post-war Yugoslav communist historiography. Simulta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
