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Joseph-François Malgaigne
Joseph-François Malgaigne (14 February 1806 – 17 October 1865) was a French surgeon and medical historian (medical), historian born in Charmes, Vosges, Charmes-sur-Moselle, Vosges. He studied medicine in Paris, and was later a surgeon of Parisian hospitals, including Hôpitals Hôpital Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis, Hôpital de la Charité, Charité and Beaujon Hospital, Beaujon. At the Hôpital Saint-Louis he was a colleague of Auguste Nélaton (1807–1873). Malgaigne was father-in-law to surgeon Léon Clément Le Fort (1829–1893). In 1846 he became a member of the Académie de Médecine. Malgaigne is known for his work with bone fractures and dislocations, specializing in orthopedic surgery of the knee, hip and shoulder. In 1834 he published ''Manuel de medecine operatoire'', an influential work on surgical techniques. This book was later translated into several languages. In 1843 Malgaigne, together with Germanicus Mirault designed a Flap (surgery), flap transposition procedur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amputation
Amputation is the removal of a Limb (anatomy), limb or other body part by Physical trauma, trauma, medical illness, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as cancer, malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a Preventive healthcare, preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetus, fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands. In some countries, judicial amputation is currently used punishment, to punish people who commit crimes. Amputation has also been used as a tactic in war and acts of terrorism; it may also occur as a war injury. In some cultures and religions, minor amputations or mutilations are considered a ritual accomplishment. When done by a person, the person executing the amputation is an amputator. The oldest evidence of this practice comes from a skeleton found buried in Liang Tebo c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Charmes, Vosges
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1865 Deaths
Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at Broad Street (Manhattan), 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Union forces launch a major amphibious assault against the last seaport held by the Confederate States of America, Confederates, Fort Fisher, North Carolina. * January 15 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Fort Fisher. * January 31 ** The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (conditional prohibition of slavery and involuntary servitude) passes narrowly, in the House of Representatives. ** American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief. February * February 3 – American Civil War: Hampton Roads Conference: Union and Confederate leaders discuss peace terms. * February 6 – The Municipalities of Finland#History, municipal administration of Finland i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1806 Births
Events January–March *January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. *January 5 – The body of British naval leader Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall of Greenwich Hospital, London, prior to his funeral. *January 8 – Battle of Blaauwberg: British infantry force troops of the Batavian Republic in the Dutch Cape Colony to withdraw. *January 9 ** The Dutch commandant of Cape Town surrenders to British forces. On January 10, formal capitulation is signed under the Treaty Tree in Papendorp (modern-day Woodstock). ** Lord Nelson is given a state funeral and interment at St Paul's Cathedral in London, attended by the Prince of Wales. *January 18 – The Dutch Cape Colony capitulates to British forces, the origin of its status as a colony within the British Empire. *January 23 ** Following the death of William Pitt the Younger, his cousin Lord Grenville succeeds him as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Wikipedia
The French Wikipedia () is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. It has :fr:Special:Statistics, encyclopedia article, articles as of , making it the -largest Wikipedia language version, after the English Wikipedia, English-, Cebuano Wikipedia, Cebuano-, and German Wikipedia, German-language editions, and the largest Wikipedia edition in a Romance language. It has the third-most edits, and ranks m:Wikipedia article depth, 6th in terms of depth among Wikipedia editions, in addition to being the third-largest Wikipedia edition by number of active users as of January 2025.meta:List of Wikipedias, Wikimedia list of Wikipedias and their statistics. Retrieved 5 January 2025. It was the third edition, after the English Wikipedia and German Wikipedia, to exceed 1 million articles: this occurred on 23 September 2010. In April 2016, the project had 4,657 active ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine Chazal
Antoine Chazal (8 November 1793 in Paris – 12 August 1854 in Paris) was a French painter of flowers and of portraits, as well as an engraver. He studied under Misbach, Bidauld, and Van Spaendonck, and became Professor of Iconography at the Jardin des Plantes. Besides portraits, flowers, and fruit, he painted a few landscapes and altar-pieces for churches. He also engraved a portrait of Cardinal La Fare. Chazal died in Paris in 1854. Engravings Chazal drew many effigies for the engraver and publisher Ambroise Tardieu Ambroise Tardieu (2 March 1788, in Paris – 17 January 1841, in Paris) was a France, French cartography, cartographer and engraving, engraver, and is celebrated for his version of John Arrowsmith (cartographer), John Arrowsmith's 1806 map of ..., who does not mention it in his prints (see below the legends of the portraits)Philippe Nusbaumer, "Antoine Chazal, 1793-1854, Life and Work", chapter Ambroise Tardieu, p. 556. File:Alexandre Henri Gabriel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superior Carotid Triangle
The carotid triangle (or superior carotid triangle) is a portion of the anterior triangle of the neck. Anatomy Boundaries It is bounded: * Posteriorly by (the anterior border of) the sternocleidomastoid muscle, * Anteroinferiorly by (the superior belly of) the omohyoid muscle. * Superiorly by (the posterior belly of) the digastric muscle. Roof The roof is formed by: * Integument, * Superficial fascia, * Platysma, * Deep fascia. Floor The floor is formed by (parts of) the: *Thyrohyoid membrane, *Hyoglossus, * Constrictor pharyngis medius and constrictor pharyngis inferior muscles. Contents Arteries * Internal carotid artery * External carotid artery and some of its branches: ** Superior thyroid artery, ** Ascending pharyngeal artery, ** Lingual artery, ** Facial artery, ** Occipital artery. Veins * internal jugular vein and its tributaries (correspondng to the branches of the corresponding artery): ** Superior thyroid vein, ** Lingual veins, ** Common f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radius (bone)
The radius or radial bone (: radii or radiuses) is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna. It extends from the Anatomical terms of location, lateral side of the Elbow-joint, elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna. The ulna is longer than the radius, but the radius is thicker. The radius is a long bone, Prism (geometry), prism-shaped and slightly curved longitudinally. The radius is part of two joint (anatomy), joints: the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus, and in a separate region, with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist, the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone. The corresponding bone in the human leg, lower leg is the tibia. Structure The long narrow medullary cavity is enclosed in a strong wall of compact bone. It is thickest along the interosseous border and thinnest at the extremities, same over the cup-shaped articular surface (fovea) of the head. The tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Testis
A testicle or testis ( testes) is the gonad in all male bilaterians, including humans, and is Homology (biology), homologous to the ovary in females. Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of Androgen, androgens, primarily testosterone. The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads. Structure Appearance Males have two testicles of similar size contained within the scrotum, which is an extension of the abdominal wall. Scrotal asymmetry, in which one testicle extends farther down into the scrotum than the other, is common. This is because of the differences in the vasculature's anatomy. For 85% of men, the right testis hangs lower than the left one. Measurement and volume The volume of the testicle can be estimated by palpating it and compari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inguinal Hernia
An inguinal hernia or groin hernia is a hernia (protrusion) of abdominal cavity contents through the inguinal canal. Symptoms, which may include pain or discomfort especially with or following coughing, exercise, or bowel movements, are absent in about a third of patients. Symptoms often get worse throughout the day and improve when lying down. A bulging area may occur that becomes larger when bearing down. Inguinal hernias occur more often on the right than the left side. The main concern is strangulation, where the blood supply to part of the intestine is blocked. This usually produces severe pain and tenderness of the area. Risk factors for the development of a hernia include: smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, pregnancy, peritoneal dialysis, collagen vascular disease, and previous open appendectomy, among others. Predisposition to hernias is genetic and they occur more often in certain families. Deleterious mutations causing predisposition to he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
