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Jonas Vilčinskas
Jonas Vilčinskas, also known by his codenames Algirdas and Svajūnas (23 February 1930 – 19 September 1953) was an anti-Soviet Lithuanian partisan and the last commander of their Kęstutis military district. Biography Early life Jonas Vilčinskas was born on 23 February 1930 in the village of Paantvardys in the Jurbarkas district to peasants Kazimieras Vilčinskas and Pranciška Barčytė. He graduated from the Jurbarkas gymnasium in 1948 and attempted to achieve higher education, however as the son of a kulak he was unsuccessful in doing so. He worked at an editorial office in the Šakiai district. Vilčinskas wished to be a teacher. Partisan activity During the Soviet re-occupation of Lithuania Vilčinskas was a partisan communicator. When his parents were deported in 1949, as well as getting the call to join the Soviet army, Vilčinskas joined the resistance and became a partisan in the Mindaugas group, belonging to the Vaidotas unit, which in turn belonged to the Kęstuti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kęstutis Military District
The Kęstutis military district (Lithuanian: ''Kęstučio apygarda'', previously Joint Kęstutis military district; ''Jungtinė Kęstučio apygarda'') was a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated from 1946 to 1959 in the counties of Tauragė, Raseiniai, Jurbarkas, Šiauliai, Joniškis, partially - Kėdainiai and Kaunas. The military district was named after the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duke of Lithuania Kęstutis, and consisted of three units named ''Vaidotas'', ''Birutė'', ''Butigeidis''. The district was home to some notable partisans, such as Jonas Žemaitis and Juozas Kasperavičius (its founder). The Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters was established in the area of the military district. History Formation The retreating German front in the Second World War created cells of resistance in Lithuania. Resistance in the Žemaitija region began later than in other areas of Lithuania due to the span of the front. Two notable organisations emerged - the Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Šakiai District Municipality
Šakiai () is a city in the Marijampolė County, Lithuania. It is located west of Kaunas. History It is presumed that Šakiai first expanded from ''Šakaičai'' village, which was first mentioned in 1599. In 1719 Šakaičiai was renamed to Šakiai and in the same year a church was built. By the 19th century Šakiai already had city rights (since 1812); it also had a school, Catholic and Lutheranism, Lutheran churches, a synagogue, and a post office. In 1890–1894 Vincas Kudirka, the author of ''Tautiška giesmė'', lived in Šakiai. During World War II, the town was under Soviet occupation from 1940, and then under German occupation of Lithuania during World War II, German occupation from 1941 to 1944. The city was damaged by the bombardment of Soviet Air Forces, while the Wehrmacht, Nazi German Army has exploded many masonry buildings (only 70 homes out of 328 remained). Several massacres of Jewish people are alleged to have taken place in Šakiai in World War II, from July to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1953 Deaths
Events January * January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma. * January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo. * January 14 ** Marshal Josip Broz Tito is chosen President of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia. ** The Central Intelligence Agency, CIA-sponsored Robertson Panel first meets to discuss the Unidentified flying object, UFO phenomenon. * January 15 ** Georg Dertinger, foreign minister of East Germany, is arrested for spying. ** British security forces in West Germany arrest 7 members of the Naumann Circle, a clandestine Neo-Nazi organization. * January 19 – 71.1% of all television sets in the United States are tuned into ''I Love Lucy'', to watch Lucy give birth to Little Ricky, which is more people than those who tune into Dwight Eisenhower's inauguration the next day. This record is never broken. * January 24 ** Mau Mau Uprising: Rebels in Kenya kill th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1930 Births
Events January * January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be on January 1, 2257, at . * January 26 – The Indian National Congress declares this date as Independence Day, or as the day for Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence). * January 28 – The first patent for a field-effect transistor is granted in the United States, to Julius Edgar Lilienfeld. * January 30 – Pavel Molchanov launches a radiosonde from Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg, Slutsk in the Soviet Union. February * February 10 – The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng launch the Yên Bái mutiny in the hope of ending French Indochina, French colonial rule in Vietnam. * February 18 – While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh confirms the existence of Pluto, a celestial body considered a planet until redefined as a dwarf planet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forest Brothers
The guerrilla war in the Baltic states was an insurgency waged by Baltic states, Baltic (Latvian partisans, Latvian, Lithuanian partisans, Lithuanian and Estonian partisans, Estonian) partisans against the Soviet Union from 1944 to 1956. Known alternatively as the "Forest Brothers", the "Brothers of the Wood" and the "Forest Friars" (, , ), these partisans fought against invading Soviet forces during their occupation of the Baltic states during and after World War II. Similar Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe, insurgent groups resisted Soviet occupations in People's Republic of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Polish People's Republic, Poland, Socialist Republic of Romania, Romania and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukraine. Soviet forces, consisting primarily of the Red Army, occupied the Baltic states in 1940, completing their occupation by 1941. After a period of German occupation of the Baltic states during World War II, German occupation during World War I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-Soviet Partisans
Anti-Soviet partisans may refer to various resistance movements that opposed the Soviet Union and its satellite states at various periods during the 20th century, between the Russian Revolution (1917) and the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991). During the Russian Civil War and Interwar period *Basmachi movement * Green armies * August Uprising * Forest Guerrillas * Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine *Organizations of the White movement in the 1920s–1930s: ** Brotherhood of Russian Truth ** Russian All-Military Union During the Second World War and its aftermath * Armata Neagră (Moldovan SSR) * Chechen anti-communist resistance movement (1940–1944) *Chetniks (Kingdom of Yugoslavia/Serbia) * Cursed soldiers (Poland) * Goryani (Bulgaria) * Guerrilla war in the Baltic states ** Estonian partisans ** Latvian partisans ** Lithuanian partisans *Organisations formed by Nazi Germany ** GULAG Operation (Komi ASSR) ** Black Cats (Byelorussian SSR) **Crusaders (Independent St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Cross Of Vytis
The Order of the Cross of Vytis () is a Lithuanian presidential award conferred for heroic defence of Lithuania's freedom and independence. November 23 is a holiday in honour of the Order of the Cross of Vytis. History Interwar period Rejected initial design The order was first established on 30 July 1919 as the Cross for the Homeland (''Kryžius "Už Tėvynę"'') when the newly established Lithuanian Army was engaged in the Lithuanian–Soviet War. The initial design was based on the Polish Virtuti Militari with an addition of crossed swords, but no such crosses were actually produced. At the time of the Polish–Lithuanian War, the design was criticized for following Polish traditions. New version On 26 November 1919, the design was changed to the Cross of the Jagiellons, one of the varieties of the Cross of Lorraine found on the Coat of arms of Lithuania. On 3 February 1920, the name was changed to the Cross of Vytis. The order had two types: the first type had th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Committee For The Liberation Of Lithuania
The Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania or VLIK () was an organization seeking independence of Lithuania. It was established on November 25, 1943, during the Nazi occupation. After World War II it moved abroad and continued its operations in Germany and the United States. VLIK claimed to be the legal representative of the Lithuanian parliament and government, but it did not enjoy international recognition. It was dissolved in 1990, when Lithuania re-established its independence. In Lithuania When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, many Lithuanians greeted Germans as liberators from the oppressive Soviet regime. However, attitudes changed and various resistance movements began to form at the end of 1941 and beginning of 1942. During 1942 and 1943 these movements began consolidating into the pro-Catholic Nation's Council () and Supreme Committee of the Lithuanians (). After a five-month discussion, these two organizations unified into VLIK, represen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antanas Bakšys
Antanas Bakšys, also known by his codenames Klajūnas, Arvydas, Germantas, Senis (13 June 1923 – 17 January 1953) was a Lithuanian partisans, Lithuanian anti-Soviet partisan and a commander of the Kęstutis military district. He was a teacher during the Soviet occupation of the Baltic States, Soviet occupation of Lithuania. In 1944 he joined the Lithuanian Territorial Defense Force. After being detained and sent to work in the coal mines of Tula, Russia, Tula, he escaped to Lithuania and became a teacher again. He joined the partisan movement in 1947 and in 1949 became the leader of the Kęstutis military district. He also was a substitute leader for Jonas Žemaitis and a secretary of the Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters (LLKS) presidium. He established the underground Vyčiai Union, a movement dedicated to continuing Lithuanian resistance under more intellectual means. He died on 17 January 1953 as the location of his headquarters was discovered by Soviet agents. Biography ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
