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Joker (playing Card)
The Joker is a playing card found in most modern French-suited playing cards, French-suited card decks, as an addition to the standard four Playing card suit, suits (Clubs, Diamonds, Hearts, and Spades). Since the second half of the 20th century, they have also been found in Spanish-suited playing cards, Spanish- and Italian playing cards, Italian-suited decks, excluding stripped decks. The Joker originated in the United States during the American Civil War, Civil War, and was created as a Trump (card games), trump card for the game of Euchre. It has since been adopted into many other card games, where it often acts as a Wild card (cards), wild card, but may have other functions such as the top trump, a skip card (forcing another player to miss a turn), the lowest-ranking card, the highest-value card, or a card of a different value from the rest of the pack (see e.g. Zwicker (card game), Zwicker which has six Jokers with this function). By contrast, a wild card is any card that m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Jolly Nero
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jester
A jester, also known as joker, court jester, or fool, was a member of the household of a nobleman or a monarch kept to entertain guests at the royal court. Jesters were also travelling performers who entertained common folk at fairs and town markets, and the discipline continues into the modern day, where jesters perform at historical-themed events. Jester-like figures were common throughout the world, including Ancient Rome, China, Persia, and the Aztec empire. During the Post-classical history, post-classical and Renaissance eras, jesters are often thought to have worn brightly coloured clothes and Cap and bells, eccentric hats in a motley pattern. Jesters entertained with a wide variety of skills: principal among them were song, music, and storytelling, but many also employed acrobatics, juggling, telling jokes (such as puns and imitation), and performing Magic (illusion), magic tricks. Much of the entertainment was performed in a comic style. Many jesters made contemporary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People's Republic
The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million near the end of its existence, it was the second most-populous communist government, communist and Eastern Bloc country in Europe. It was also where the Warsaw Pact was founded. The largest city and capital was Warsaw, followed by the industrial city of Łódź and cultural city of Kraków. The country was bordered by the Baltic Sea to the north, the Soviet Union to the east, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Czechoslovakia to the south, and East Germany to the west. The Polish People's Republic was a unitary state with a Marxist–Leninist government established in the country after the Red Army's takeover of Polish territory from Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German occupation in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trefl Playing Card Company
The Trefl Playing Card Company () is a Polish manufacturer of playing cards, board games and commissioned games, operating since 1947. History The company was founded in 1926 as the ''Krakowska Fabryka Kart'' (Cracow Playing Card Factory). It closed during the war, but re-emerged in 1947 as the state-run ''Krakowskie Zakłady Wyrobów Papierowych'' (Cracow Factory for Paper Articles) or KZWP. It was privatised in 1997 and renamed the ''Krakowskie Zaklady Wyrobów Papierowych Trefl - Kraków Sp. z.o.o'' (Trefl Paper Factory). In 2014, it was rebranded as the ''Fabryka Kart Trefl-Kraków'' (Trefl Card Factory). Initially, the headquarters and factory were located in Kraków (also Cracow). In 2014, a new factory and office complex was opened in Podłęże, near Niepołomice, with an area of 6,650 m2. Currently, the company is preparing to build another ecological factory building with warehouse space and office and administrative facilities, which is to be taken into service in 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Rummy
German Rummy or Rommé ( or ''Rommé mit Auslegen'') is the most popular form of the worldwide game, Rummy, played in Austria and Germany. It is a game for two to six players and is played with two packs of French playing cards, each comprising 52 regular cards and three jokers. There are no partnerships. In Germany, the Germany Rummy Association (''Deutscher Romméverband'') is the umbrella organisation for local rummy clubs and organises national competitions. The game is often just known as ''Rommé'' in Germany and ''Rummy'' in Austria. History The American game of Rummy was derived from Mexican Conquian after 1900 and the name "Rhum" or "Rhummy" had appeared by 1905.Parlett (1990), pp. 139–147. As Rommee, the game arrived in Germany from Austria and its rules were first recorded in 1933.Meister (1933). Rules The following rules largely follow Danyliuk and Grupp. Aim The aim of Rommé is to organise one's hand into sets or runs and to meld them by placing them on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canasta
Canasta (; Spanish language, Spanish for "basket") is a card game of the rummy family of games believed to be a variant of 500 rum. Although many variations exist for two, three, five or six players, it is most commonly played by four in two partnerships with two standard decks of cards. Players attempt to make Meld (cards), melds of seven cards of the same rank and "go out" by playing all cards in their hands. History The game of Canasta was devised by attorney Segundo Sánchez Santos and his Contract bridge, Bridge partner, architect Alberto Serrato in Montevideo, Uruguay, in 1939,American Heritage Dictionar''Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries: English Words That Come from Spanish'' Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (2007), in an attempt to design a time-efficient game that was as engaging as Bridge. They tried different formulas before inviting Arturo Gómez Hartley and Ricardo Sanguinetti to test their game. After a positive reception of Canasta at their local bridge club, the J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press officially granted the legal right to print books by decree in 1586. It is the second-oldest university press after Cambridge University Press, which was founded in 1534. It is a department of the University of Oxford. It is governed by a group of 15 academics, the Delegates of the Press, appointed by the Vice Chancellor, vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford. The Delegates of the Press are led by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative on other university bodies. Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. The press is located on Walton Street, Oxford, Walton Street, Oxford, opposite Somerville College, Oxford, Somerville College, in the inner suburb of Jericho, Oxford, Jericho. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BBC Online
BBC Online, formerly known as BBCi, is the BBC's online service. It is a large network of websites including such high-profile sites as BBC News and BBC Sport, Sport, the on-demand video and radio services branded BBC iPlayer and BBC Sounds, the children's sites CBBC and CBeebies, and learning services such as Bitesize and BBC Own It, Own It. The BBC has had an online presence supporting its TV and radio programmes and web-only initiatives since April 1994, but did not launch officially until 28 April 1997, following government approval to fund it by Television licensing in the United Kingdom, TV licence fee revenue as a service in its own right. Throughout its history, the online plans of the BBC have been subject to competition and complaint from its commercial rivals, which has resulted in various public consultations and government reviews to investigate their claims that its large presence and public funding distorts the UK market. The website has gone through several bran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Playing-Card
''The Playing-Card'' is a quarterly publication, publishing scholarly articles covering all aspects of playing cards and of the games played with them, produced by the International Playing-Card Society (IPCS). ''The Playing-Card''s articles are mostly in English, but also in French, German, Italian, and Spanish. History The journal was founded in 1972, as ''The Journal of the Playing-Card Society'' (until 1980). Since then it has produced an annual volume of four (formerly six) issues. It has an index of its articles for the years 1972–1997, and contents listings for issues from 1980 to the present. Impact According to card game historian David Parlett, card game research has become "a particular pursuit" of the IPCS and many of its field researchers publish their findings in ''The Playing-Card''. This has contributed to "a growing awareness that a society's indoor games are as distinctive of its culture as its arts, cuisine, or social customs, and are worth recording f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collectors Weekly
Collectors Weekly is an online resource for people interested in antiques, collectibles, and vintage items. The site pairs live auctions with original content, which ranges from encyclopedic essays to multi-sourced articles that aim to illuminate the cultural history of objects. History Founded in 2007 by San Francisco-based antique-telephone collector Dave Margulius, the site has since grown into a directory of more than 1,800 different types of objects people like to collect—from action figures to Zippo lighters. Until 2011, Collectors Weekly shared staff and financial resources with the Quizlet website. In 2017, Collectors Weekly was purchased by Barnebys.com. Its staff of three writers and editors share an office in The Grotto in San Francisco. Collectors Weekly uses a number of factors to determine how much a collectible is worth, the primary ones being the item's condition, authenticity, rarity, current market demand, and value. Collectors Weekly has three main areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Goodall & Sons
Charles Goodall (also referred to as Charles Goodall & Sons or just Goodall) was a British playing card maker based in London; first at Soho and later in Camden Town, Camden. Goodall, alongside primary domestic competitor De La Rue, accounted for approximately two-thirds of domestic playing card production by 1850. The firm's Camden works employed in excess of one-thousand people, and consequently played a key role in the economic development of East London. During the firm's pinnacle it obtained medals at ten different international exhibitions. Goodall has maintained an enduring impact on playing card design, with the family pioneering double-headed Face card, court cards that are now the standard. Prior to this design development face cards had featured a more traditional portrait, and were thus illegible if held upside down by a player. Origins: 1820–1850 Charles Goodall was born to a working-class family in Northampton in 1785, during the reign of George III, King George ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Playing-Card Society
The International Playing-Card Society (IPCS) is a non-profit organisation for those interested in playing cards, their design, and their history. While many of its members are collectors of playing cards, they also include historians of playing cards and their uses, particularly card games and their history. The IPCS is based in the United Kingdom, but has members worldwide, especially in Europe. It produces a quarterly journal ''The Playing-Card'', which publishes articles mostly in English but also in French, German, Italian and Spanish. It also publishes occasional monographs called "IPCS Papers", and issues pattern sheets that systematize types of standard playing-card design. History The IPCS was founded in 1972, as ''The Playing-Card Society'', with a journal titled ''The Journal of the Playing-Card Society''. In May 1980 the names of the society and the journal were changed, becoming ''The International Playing-Card Society'' and ''The Playing-Card''. A newsletter, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
