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Johann Ludwig Von L’Estocq
Count Jean Armand de L'Estocq (; ; 29 April 1692, in Lüneburg – 12 June 1767, in Saint Petersburg) was a French adventurer and court physician in Russia. He wielded immense influence on Russian foreign policy during the early reign of Empress Elizabeth. Biography Coming from a noble family of Champagne, as a youth he was committed to prison for a petty offense. He was liberated on the urging of Françoise-Marie de Bourbon (1677–1749), legitimized daughter of Louis XIV of France and Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan. Françoise-Marie was also married at the time to Philippe II, Duke of Orléans. She was thus a well-connected patroness. In 1709, Lestocq arrived in Saint Petersburg in the capacity of a court physician. He was well regarded by Catherine I of Russia until 1720, when her husband had him exiled to Kazan for having seduced a jester's daughter. Upon the Emperor's death, Catherine summoned her favourite physician to the Russian capital, where his light-hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Leopoldovna
Anna Leopoldovna (; 18 December 1718 – 19 March 1746), born Elisabeth Katharina Christine von Mecklenburg-Schwerin and also known as Anna Carlovna (А́нна Ка́рловна), was regent of Russia for just over a year (1740–1741) during the minority of her infant son Emperor Ivan VI. Biography Early life Anna Leopoldovna was born Elisabeth Katharina Christine, the daughter of Karl Leopold, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, by his wife, Catherine, the eldest daughter of Tsar Ivan V of Russia. Catherine's father, Ivan V, was the elder brother and co-ruler of Russia with Peter the Great, but because he was mentally challenged and unfit to rule, all power was in the hands of Peter the Great, who was like a father to Catherine and looked out for her interest as long as he was alive. Elisabeth's mother, Catherine, was the third wife of Duke Karl Leopold, who had divorced his first two wives after very short marriages (less than two years each). Catherine was the only wife ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friherre
(; male, abbreviated as ), (; his wife, abbreviated as , ) and (, his unmarried daughters and maiden aunts) are designations used as titles of nobility in the German-speaking areas of the Holy Roman Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and in its various successor states, including Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, etc. Traditionally, it denotes the titled rank within the nobility above ' (knight) and ' (nobility without a specific title) and below ' ( count or earl). The title superseded the earlier medieval form, '. It corresponds approximately to the English baron in rank. The Duden orthography of the German language references the French nobility title of ''Baron'', deriving from the Latin-Germanic combination ''liber baro'' (which also means "free lord"), as corresponding to the German "Freiherr"; and that ''Baron'' is a corresponding salutation for a ''Freiherr''.Duden; Definition of ''Baron, der'' (in German)/ref> ' in the feudal system The title ' d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veliky Ustyug
Veliky Ustyug () is a town in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast at the confluence of the Sukhona and Yug Rivers. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 31,665. Veliky Ustyug has a great historical significance and was one of the major cities of the Russian North. It preserved some of the past urban structure and many of the architectural monuments. It has lost its former leading role and is nowadays mostly known for tourism. Location and etymology Veliky Ustyug is close to the confluence of the Sukhona (flowing from the west) and the Yug (from the south) rivers. Downstream from this confluence the rivers form a single waterway known as the Northern Dvina, sometimes referred to as the Little Northern Dvina. The historical center of the town is on the left (high) bank of the Sukhona and, in contrast to many historical Russian towns, there is an embankment along the Sukhona. Dymkovskaya Sloboda and Troitse-Gledensky Monastery are on the ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uglich
Uglich ( rus, У́глич, p=ˈuɡlʲɪtɕ) is a historic town in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River. Population: History The city was first documented in 1148 as ''Ugliche Pole'' (''Corner Field''). The town's name is thought to allude to the nearby turn in the Volga River, and is derived from the Russian word ''ugol'' (a corner, a nook). Principality of Uglich From 1218 until 1328, Uglich was the seat of a small princedom. At that time, the local princes sold their rights to the great prince of Moscow. Uglich was a border town of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and it was burned several times in conflicts by Lithuanians, Tatars, and the grand prince of Tver. Grand Duke Ivan III of Moscow gave the town in 1462 to his younger brother Andrey Bolshoy (Andrey the Great). During Andrey's reign, the town was expanded and the first stone buildings were constructed. Particularly notable were the cathedral (rebuilt in 1713), the Intercession Monastery (destroy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob Chappuzeau
Jacob Chappuzeau () was a naval officer in the Russian Fleet, where he was one of three captains decorated for their part in the Battle of Ösel Island. He rose to be commander of the Russian naval base at Reval (now Tallinn). He was a grandson of the author and playwright Samuel Chappuzeau, but his birth year is not known, though it was probably between 1687 and 1689. Nothing is known of his early life, but it is most likely that he was born in London where his father Laurent Chappuzeau lived from 1684 to 1689. Laurent was married (twice) at St James Duke's Place during this period. We first hear of Jacob in Russian documents from 1716 which state that he was transferred from the British Navy to the Russian Fleet, at George I of Great Britain's request, as Captain 3rd Class. It is not clear whether he was regarded as French (like his father) or English. He is referred to as both in different documents. On the Tsar's birthday in 1719, he and two other captains captured three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laurent Chappuzeau
Laurent Chappuzeau was Royal clockmaker to the Elector of Hanover (Later King George I of Great Britain). He was the eldest son of the author and playwright Samuel Chappuzeau, but his birth year is not known, though it was probably between 1652 and 1655. Nothing is known of his early life, but it is certain that he was born in Lyon Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, Switzerland, north ... where his father was working as a proof-reader. He first appears in the records in 1658, when his father is in the Netherlands, and asks in a letter for him to be sent there from Lyon. Samuel moved to Geneva in 1662, and he and his four sons, including Laurent, received citizenship there in 1666. In 1674, he is recorded as being apprenticed to watchmaker Antoine Rey. Nothing more is known about him unti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Chappuzeau
Alexander Chappuzeau () was a naval officer in the Russian Fleet.List of former and present Staff-Officers and Cadets of Land Gentry Cadet Corps, Nikolay Zhiglaev, St. Petersburg 1766, page 127 (in Russian) He was the eldest son of Jacob Chappuzeau. Alexander Chappuzeau was aide-de-camp to the famous Count Jean Armand de L'Estocq around 1743 to 1748. In 1772, his daughter Anna married botanist Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin Samuel George Gottlieb Gmelin (4 July 1744 – 27 July 1774) was a German physician, botanist, and explorer. Background Gmelin was born at Tübingen as part of a well-known family of naturalists. His father was Johann Conrad Gmelin, an apotheca ... (1744–1774). After his death, she married Peter Possiet de Roussier, and their descendants are found in the Stael von Holstein family. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Chappuzeau, Alexander Year of birth missing Year of death missing Russian Navy personnel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter III Of Russia
Peter III Fyodorovich (; ) was Emperor of Russia from 5 January 1762 until 9 July of the same year, when he was overthrown by his wife, Catherine II (the Great). He was born in the German city of Kiel as Charles Peter Ulrich of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (), the grandson of Peter the Great and great-grandson of Charles XI of Sweden. After a 186-day reign, Peter III was overthrown in a palace coup d'état orchestrated by his wife and soon died under unclear circumstances. The official cause proposed by Catherine's new government was that he died due to hemorrhoids. However, this explanation was met with skepticism, both in Russia and abroad, with notable critics such as Voltaire and d'Alembert expressing doubt about the plausibility of death from such a condition. The personality and activities of Peter III were long disregarded by historians and his figure was seen as purely negative, but since the 1990s, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, more attention has been dir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophie Augusta Fredericka Of Anhalt-Zerbst
Catherine II. (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter III of Russia, Peter III. Under her long reign, inspired by the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment, Russia experienced a renaissance of culture and sciences, which led to the founding of many new cities, universities, and theatres, along with large-scale immigration from the rest of Europe and the recognition of Russia as one of the great powers of Europe. In her accession to power and her rule of the empire, Catherine often relied on her noble favourites, most notably Count Grigory Orlov and Grigory Potemkin. Assisted by highly successful List of Russian field marshals, generals such as Alexander Suvorov and Pyotr Rumyantsev, and List of Russian admirals, admirals such as Samuel Greig and Fyodor Ushakov, she governed at a time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
