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Jičín
Jičín (; or ''Gitschin'') is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The town's history is connected with Albrecht von Wallenstein who had rebuilt the town, and many sights bear his name. Administrative division Jičín consists of 12 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Dvorce (33) *Holínské Předměstí (2,013) *Hubálov (68) *Moravčice (18) *Nové Město (4,659) *Popovice (405) *Pražské Předměstí (244) *Robousy (548) *Sedličky (216) *Soudná (209) *Staré Město (507) *Valdické Předměstí (6,984) Etymology The origin of the name Jičín is unknown, but according to the most probable hypotheses, it was derived from the German name of Queen Judith of Habsburg ''Guta'', or from ''Dičín'', derived from the Old Czech word ''dík'' (meaning 'wild boar', of which many lived here). G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
(, ; plural ) is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or " community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition The legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is also composed of one or more municipal parts (), which are usually town quarters or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost the entire area of the Czech Republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cidlina
The Cidlina () is a river in the Czech Republic, a right tributary of the Elbe River. It originates in the Liberec Region, but flows mainly through the Hradec Králové and Central Bohemian regions. It is long. Etymology According to one theory, the name of the river is of Celtic origin and was composed of the words ''sīd(o)'' (meaning 'calm' or 'peace') and ''lèana'' (meaning 'wet meadow'). According to another theory, the name comes from the Proto-Slavic adjective ''cědlá'', which meant 'clear', 'clean'. Characteristic The Cidlina originates in the territory of Lomnice nad Popelkou in the Ještěd–Kozákov Ridge at an elevation of and flows to Libice nad Cidlinou, where it enters the Elbe River at an elevation of . About 1.5 km south of the main spring there is the secondary spring of the Cidlina. The river is long. Its drainage basin has an area of . The longest tributaries of the Cidlina are: Settlements The most notable settlement on the river is the town ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesuits
The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III. The Society of Jesus is the largest religious order in the Catholic Church and has played significant role in education, charity, humanitarian acts and global policies. The Society of Jesus is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 countries. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. They also conduct retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social and humanitarian works, and promote Ecumenism, ecumenical dialogue. The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patron saint, patronage of Madonna della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it is led by a Superior General of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni De Galliano Pieroni
Giovanni de Galliano Pieroni (1586–1654) was a military engineer specialized in erecting fortifications, architect, mathematician and astronomer who gained particular fame in his day as also as author of horoscopes. Early in his life, he became friendly with the astronomer, mathematician and physicist Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) – like Pieroni, Galileo also wrote on constructing fortifications, and the two shared interest in mathematics and astronomy. He was also a contemporary and friend of Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) while both spent time in Prague. Biography Pieroni was born in Florence on 5 March 1586. His childhood and education was privileged because his father Alessandro Pieroni (1550-1607) was an architect at the court of the Medici. After studying law, he was awarded a doctorate in law in Pisa in 1608. He studied under Bernardo Buontalenti (1531-1608). During that time he befriended Galileo, who served then the Tuscan Grand Duke, Cosimo II di Medici. The two co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Friedland
Duchy of Friedland (Czech: ''Frýdlantské vévodství'', German: ''Herzogtum Friedland'') was a de facto sovereign duchy in Bohemia. It was created in 1627 and disappeared in 1634 after death of the ruler Albrecht von Wallenstein (1582 - 1634). It was preceded by the Principality of Friedland (Czech: ''Frýdlantské knížectví'', German: ''Fürstentum Friedland''), which existed from 1624 to 1627. History Establishment of the principality then the duchy followed the rise to power of Albrecht von Wallenstein, a military leader in the service of the House of Habsburg during the Thirty Years' War. In August 1622, Wallenstein was granted titles of Count Palatine (''falckrabě'', ''Pfalzgraf'') and Imperial Count (''hrabě'', ''Graf''). A predicate "of Friedland" (''z Frýdlantu'', ''von Friedland''), granted after the northern Bohemian town Frýdlant (Friedland) was acquired by Wallenstein in 1621, together with the whole Friedland dominion (''panství'', ''Herschaft''). On ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generalissimo
''Generalissimo'' ( ), also generalissimus, is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to field marshal and other five-star ranks in the states where they are used. Usage The word (), an Italian term, is the absolute superlative of ( 'general') thus meaning "the highest-ranking of all generals". The superlative suffix itself derives from Latin , meaning "utmost, to the highest grade". Similar cognates in other languages include in Spanish, in Portuguese, in French, and in Latin. The Russian word comes from Latin. Historically, this rank was given to a military officer leading an entire army or the entire armed forces of a state, usually only subordinate to the sovereign. Alternatively, those of imperial blood or the commanders-in-chief of several allied armies could gain the title. The military leader Albrecht von Wallenstein in 1632 became the first imperial ''generalissimo'' (general of the generals) of the Holy Roman Empire. Other usage of the titl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, the Torstenson War, the Dutch-Portuguese War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. The war had its origins in the 16th-century Reformation, which led to religious conflict within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg attempted to resolve this by dividing the Empire into Catholic and Lutheran states, but the settlement was destabilised by the subsequent expansion of Protestantism beyond these boundaries. Combined with differences over the limits of imperial authority, religion was thus an important factor in star ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hussite Wars
The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, and European monarchs loyal to the Catholic Church, as well as various Hussite factions. At a late stage of the conflict, the Utraquists changed sides in 1432 to fight alongside Roman Catholics and opposed the Taborites and other Hussite factions. These wars lasted from 1419 to approximately 1434. The unrest began after pre-Protestant Christian reformer Jan Hus was executed by the Catholic Church in 1415 for heresy. Because Sigismund had plans to be crowned the Holy Roman Emperor (requiring papal coronation), he suppressed the religion of the Hussites, yet it continued to spread. When King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia, brother of Sigismund, died of natural causes a few years later, the tension stemming from the Hussites grew stronger. In Prague ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Bohemia
John of Bohemia, also called the Blind or of Luxembourg (; ; ; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346), was the Count of Luxembourg from 1313 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of Poland. He is well known for having died while fighting in the Battle of Crécy at age 50, after having been blind for a decade. In his home country of Luxembourg, he is considered a national hero. Comparatively, in the Czech Republic (anciently the Kingdom of Bohemia), Jan Lucemburský is often recognized for his role as the father of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, one of the more significant King of Bohemia, Kings of Bohemia and one of the leading Holy Roman Emperors. Early life John was the eldest son of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor and Margaret of Brabant, who was the daughter of John I, Duke of Brabant and Margaret of Flanders, Duchess of Brabant, Margaret of Flanders. Born in Bock (Luxembourg), Luxembourg and raised in Paris, John was French by education but deeply involved in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenceslaus II Of Bohemia
Wenceslaus II Přemyslid (; ; 27 SeptemberK. Charvátová, ''Václav II. Král český a polský'', Prague 2007, p. 18. 1271 – 21 June 1305) was King of Bohemia (1278–1305), Duke of Cracow (1291–1305), and King of Poland (1296–1305). He was the only son of King Ottokar II of Bohemia and Ottokar's second wife Kunigunda. He was born in 1271, ten years after the marriage of his parents. Kunigunda was the daughter of Rostislav Mikhailovich, lord of Slavonia, son of a Grand Prince of Kiev, and Anna of Hungary, daughter of Béla IV of Hungary. His great-grandfather was the German king Philip of Swabia. Wenceslaus II was the grandfather of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV. He was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty. Early years In 1276 Rudolf I, King of the Romans, placed Ottokar under the ban of the empire and besieged Vienna. This compelled Ottokar in November 1276 to sign a new treaty by which he gave up all claims to Austria and the neighbouring duchies, r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podhradí (Jičín District)
Podhradí is a market town in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. Administrative division Podhradí consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Podhradí (95) *Čejkovice (162) *Hlásná Lhota (79) *Šlikova Ves (115) *Vokšice (42) Geography Podhradí is located about southwest of Jičín and northwest of Hradec Králové. It lies in the Jičín Uplands. The highest point is the hill Veliš at above sea level. History The first written mention of Podhradí is from 1546. Demographics Transport The I/32 road from Jičín to Poděbrady passes through the eastern part of the municipal territory. Sights On the Veliš hill is a ruin of the eponymous castle. Although the castle was one of the most important in the region in the Middle Ages, little information about it has been preserved. The castle was founded at the end of the 13th century and was abandoned after 1650 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staré Místo
Staré Místo is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south .... It has about 300 inhabitants. Demographics References External links * Villages in Jičín District {{HradecKrálové-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
