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Jinapañjara
The Jinapanjara (; , ''Chinabanchon''), sometimes known in English as "The Armor of the Conqueror", is a post-canonical Buddhist Paritta chant. It is the most popular paritta (protective text) in Thailand. It has existed since the end of the nineteenth century, from the time of the reign of Rama II. It is assumed that the Jinapanjara was authored by a Lanna Buddhist monk. Later, the monk Somdej Toh modified the incantation and made it more complete, by translating the content and curtailing some parts in the chant with unknown meaning. The text can also be found in Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Terminology The meaning of ''Jinapanjara'' is 'the armor of the Buddha'. ''Jinapanjara'' is the combination of two words, ''Jina'' meaning 'the winner', which is the Buddha, and ''Panjara'' meaning 'cage'. Thus, ''Jinapanjara'' means 'the cage (which is strong as a piece of armor) that can protect from any dangers and enemies'. History Historians have found no evidence of the original author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paritta
Paritta (Pali), generally translated as "protection" or "safeguard," refers to the specific Buddhist verses and discourses recited in order to ward off misfortune or danger, as well as to the practice of reciting the verses and discourses. The practice of reciting or listening to the paritta suttas began very early in the history of Buddhism. Uses In the Pali literature, these short verses are recommended by the Buddha as providing protection from certain afflictions. The belief in the effective power to heal, or protect, of the ''sacca-kiriya'', or asseveration of something quite true is an aspect of the work ascribed to the ''paritta''. It is also widely believed that all-night recitations of paritta by monks bring safety, peace and well-being to a community. Such recitations will also occur on auspicious occasions, such as the inauguration of a new temple or home or to provide blessings upon those who hear. Conversely, paritta discourses are recited on inauspicious occa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smot (chanting)
''Smot chanting'', or ''smot'' ( or ) is a chanting tradition performed primarily at funerals in Cambodia. It is associated with other various forms of Buddhist chanting used by Buddhism in Cambodia but distinct from both ''paritta'' chant and '' khatha'' used in Buddhist chant to proclaim the ''Dhammapada''. Etymology: the causative form of prayer ''Smot'' or ''smutr'' is a Khmer morphologic transformation of the sanskritic root ''sutra'', which refers to a set prayer or verse, with the causative infix which induces the active verb ''sot'' (), i.e. to pray, to become factitive, ''smot'' (), i.e. to cause one to pray. Similarly, (), i.e. to be deaf, becomes (), i.e. to make someone deaf. Esthetics: an experience of ''rasa ''beyond religious norms The content of ''smot'' reflects complex origins, where various animistic, Hindu and Buddhist traditions blend together. In contemporary Cambodia, according to Khmer scholar Khing Hoc Dy, ''smot'' falls within the category of cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rama II Of Siam
Phutthaloetla Naphalai (born Chim; 24 February 1767 or 1768 – 21 July 1824), also known by his regnal name Rama II, was the second King of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, ruling from 1809 to 1824. In 1809, Itsarasunthon succeeded his father Rama I, the founder of the Chakri dynasty, as Loetlanaphalai the King of Siam. His reign was largely peaceful, devoid of major conflicts. His reign was known as the "Golden Age of Rattanakosin Literature" as Loetlanaphalai was patron to a number of poets in his court, and the King himself was a renowned poet and artist. The most notable poet in his employ was the illustrious Sunthorn Phu, the author of '' Phra Aphai Mani''. The rapid growth of the number of his descendants was outstanding: he is believed to have had over 240 grandchildren. Early life Chim was born in 1767 during the Ayutthaya Kingdom in Amphawa District, Samut Songkram. He was a son of Luang Yokkrabat of Ratchaburi and Nak of Samut Sakorn, as his father and mother were t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanna
The Lan Na kingdom or the Kingdom of Lanna (, , "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields"; , , ), also known as Lannathai, was an Indianized state centered in present-day Northern Thailand from the 13th to the 18th centuries. The cultural development of the Northern Thai people had begun long before as successive kingdoms preceded Lan Na. As a continuation of the kingdom of Ngoenyang, Lan Na emerged strong enough in the 15th century to rival the Ayutthaya Kingdom, with whom wars were fought. However, the Lan Na Kingdom was weakened and became a vassal state of the Toungoo dynasty in 1558. Lan Na was ruled by successive vassal kings, though some enjoyed autonomy. The Burmese rule gradually withdrew but then resumed as the new Konbaung dynasty expanded its influence. In 1775, Lan Na chiefs left the Burmese control to join Siam, leading to the Burmese–Siamese War (1775–76). Following the retreat of the Burmese force, Burmese control over Lan Na came to the end. Siam, under King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somdej Toh
Somdet To (1788–1872; Buddhist Era, B.E. 2331–2415), known formally as Somdet Phra Buddhacarya (To Brahmaramsi) (; ), was one of the most famous Buddhist monks during Thailand, Thailand's Rattanakosin period and continues to be the most widely known saintly monk in Thailand. He is revered for spiritual powers and his amulets are sought after. His images and statues are some of the most popular religious icons in Bangkok. Biography Somdet To was born in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, the illegitimate son of King Rama II of Thailand, Rama II. He studied the Buddhist scriptures of the Pāli Canon with several Buddhist masters. After becoming a well-known monk, he became the preceptor for Prince Mongkut, later King Rama IV, when Mongkut became a monk. During Rama IV's reign Somdet To was given the ceremonial name Somdet Phra Buddhacarya (To Brahmaramsi – Buddh[a]charya meaning teacher (acharya) of Buddhism) by the King and used to be one of his trusted advisers, having left ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Mai
Chiang Mai, sometimes written as Chiengmai or Chiangmai, is the largest city in northern Thailand, the capital of Chiang Mai province and the List of municipalities in Thailand#Largest cities by urban population, second largest city in Thailand. It is north of Bangkok in a mountainous region called the Thai highlands and has a population of approximately 127,000 within the city municipality, as of 2023. However, the greater urban area, which includes surrounding districts such as Hang Dong, San Sai, and Saraphi, forms a metropolitan region with an estimated population exceeding 1 million. At the provincial level, Chiang Mai had a projected population of 1.8 million in 2023, according to Thailand's National Statistical Office. Chiang Mai (meaning "new city" in Thai) was founded in 1296 as the new capital of Lan Na, succeeding the former capital, Chiang Rai. The city's location on the Ping River (a major tributary of the Chao Phraya River) and its proximity to major trading ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anawrahta
Anawrahta Minsaw (, ; 11 May 1014 – 11 April 1077) was the founder of the Pagan Empire. Considered the father of the Burmese nation, Anawrahta turned a small principality in the dry zone of Upper Burma into the first Burmese Empire that formed the basis of modern-day Burma (Myanmar).Harvey 1925: 34Htin Aung 1967: 38 Historically verifiable Burmese history begins with his accession to the Pagan throne in 1044.Coedès 1968: 133, 148–149, 155 Anawrahta unified the entire Irrawaddy valley for the first time in history, and placed peripheral regions such as the Shan States and Arakan (Rakhine) under Pagan's suzerainty. He successfully stopped the advance of the Khmer Empire into the Tenasserim coastline and into the Upper Menam valley, making Pagan one of the two great kingdoms in mainland Southeast Asia. A strict disciplinarian, Anawrahta implemented a series of key social, religious and economic reforms that would have a lasting impact in Burmese history. His soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animistic
Animism (from meaning 'breath, Soul, spirit, life') is the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct Spirituality, spiritual essence. Animism perceives all things—animals, plants, Rock (geology), rocks, rivers, Weather, weather systems, human handiwork, and in some cases words—as being animated, having agency and free will. Animism is used in anthropology of religion as a term for the Belief, belief system of many Indigenous peoples in contrast to the relatively more recent development of organized religions. Animism is a metaphysics, metaphysical belief which focuses on the Supernatural, supernatural universe: specifically, on the concept of the immaterial soul. Although each culture has its own mythologies and rituals, animism is said to describe the most common, foundational thread of indigenous peoples' "spiritual" or "supernatural" perspectives. The animistic perspective is so widely held and inherent to most indigenous peoples that they often do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhist Chant
Tibetan illustration of veena.html" ;"title="Saraswati holding a veena">Saraswati holding a veena, the main deity of music and musicians in Mahayana Buddhism Buddhist music is music (, ) created for or inspired by Buddhism and includes numerous ritual and non-ritual musical forms.Mross, Michaela (2022). Memory, Music, Manuscripts: ''The Ritual Dynamics of Kōshiki in Japanese Sōtō Zen,'' p. 7''.'' Michaela Mross University of Hawaii Press. As a Buddhist art form, music has been used by Buddhists since the time of early Buddhism, as attested by artistic depictions in Indian sites like Sanchi. While certain early Buddhist sources contain negative attitudes to music, Mahayana sources tend to be much more positive to music, seeing it as a suitable offering to the Buddhas and as a skillful means to bring sentient beings to Buddhism. Buddhist music retains a prominent place in many Buddhist traditions, and is usually used for ceremonial and devotional purposes. Buddhist music ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
