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Jewish Cemetery, Tarnogród
The Jewish Cemetery () in Tarnogród was probably established in 1588. Located to the east of the synagogue, it covered an area of 1.8 hectares. During World War II, the Nazi Germany, Nazi Germans Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupying Poland The Holocaust in Poland, desacrated and destroyed the cemetery. A few decades after the end of the war, from 1986 until 1990, the cemetery was renovated and partly surrounded by a wall to mark and protect it. Around 100 pieces of recovered tombstones were placed within the area.Burchard estimates that altogether roughly 1000 matzevahs from the cemetery have survived. Some of the tombstones were embedded into the wall, becoming the so-called "commemoration wall". There is a monument to the memory of Poles of Jewish origin from Tarnogród who were murdered by the Germans in 1942. Notes Bibliography * * A map of Leżajsk by the Polish Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny, Military Geographical Institute 47th strip 35th pole Warsaw of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarnogród
Tarnogród (; ; , or , ''Tarnohorod'') is a town in Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland. It has a population of 3,399 (2006). Tarnogród is the southernmost town of the voivodeship; the distance to Lublin is 110 kilometres, while the distance to Rzeszów is only . History The history of the town dates back to a Middle Ages, medieval settlement, then known as ''Cierniogród''. The town had city rights from the 16th to 19th century, and regained them in 1987. There are various tourist attractions in the town, including a synagogue built in 1686 and a late Baroque in Poland, baroque church built between 1750 and 1771. Outside the church there is a belfry from 1777. Tarnogród was founded in the mid-16th century in a location where a defensive Gord (archaeology), gord called Cierniogród once had existed. It received Magdeburg rights in Piotrków Trybunalski, on 14 May 1567, from Polish King Sigismund II Augustus. The House of Zamoyski, which owned Tarnogród, built houses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hectare
The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, square metres (), and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is about and one hectare contains about . In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the ''are'' was defined as 100 square metres, or one square decametre, and the hectare (" hecto-" + "are") was thus 100 ''ares'' or km2 ( square metres). When the metric system was further rationalised in 1960, resulting in the International System of Units (), the ''are'' was not included as a recognised unit. The hectare, however, remains as a non-SI unit accepted for use with the SI and whose use is "expected to continue indefinitely". Though the dekare/decare daa () and are (100 m2) are not officially "accepted for use", they are still used in some contexts. Description The hectare (), although not a unit of SI, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalitarianism, totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after 12 years, when the Allies of World War II, Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, End of World War II in Europe, ending World War II in Europe. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party began to eliminate political opposition and consolidate power. A 1934 German referendum confirmed Hitler as sole ''Führer'' (leader). Power was centralised in Hitler's person, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Poland (1939–1945)
During World War II, Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union following the invasion in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945. Throughout the entire course of the occupation, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (USSR), both of which intended to eradicate Poland's culture and subjugate its people. In the summer-autumn of 1941, the lands which were annexed by the Soviets were overrun by Germany in the course of the initially successful German attack on the USSR. After a few years of fighting, the Red Army drove the German forces out of the USSR and crossed into Poland from the rest of Central and Eastern Europe. Sociologist Tadeusz Piotrowski argues that both occupying powers were hostile to the existence of Poland's sovereignty, people, and the culture and aimed to destroy them. Before Operation Barbarossa, Germany and the Soviet Union coordinated th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Holocaust In Poland
The Holocaust saw the ghettoization, robbery, deportation and mass murder of Jews, alongside other groups under Nazi racial theories, similar racial pretexts in Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupied Poland by the Nazi Germany. Over three million Polish Jews were murdered, primarily at the Chelmno, Belzec concentration camp, Belzec, Sobibor extermination camp, Sobibor, Treblinka concentration camp, Treblinka and Auschwitz concentration camp, Auschwitz extermination camps, who made up half of the Jewish Holocaust victims. During Nazi occupation, the country lost 20% of its population, or six million people, including three million Jews (90% of the country's Jewish population). The important Polish Jewish community pre-war was almost destroyed. All Poles, Christian or Jewish, were bound for total annihilation. In 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland while the Soviet Union Soviet invasion of Poland, invaded Poland from the east. In German-occupied Poland, Jews were killed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Language
Polish (, , or simply , ) is a West Slavic languages, West Slavic language of the Lechitic languages, Lechitic subgroup, within the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, and is written in the Latin script. It is primarily spoken in Poland and serves as the official language of the country, as well as the language of the Polish diaspora around the world. In 2024, there were over 39.7 million Polish native speakers. It ranks as the sixth-most-spoken among languages of the European Union. Polish is subdivided into regional Dialects of Polish, dialects. It maintains strict T–V distinction pronouns, Honorifics (linguistics), honorifics, and various forms of formalities when addressing individuals. The traditional 32-letter Polish alphabet has nine additions (, , , , , , , , ) to the letters of the basic 26-letter Latin alphabet, while removing three (x, q, v). Those three letters are at times included in an extended 35-letter alphabet. The traditional set compri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matzevah
A ''masseba'' or ''matzeva'' (,, plural ''maṣṣēḇoṯ'') is a term used in the Hebrew Bible for a ''baetyl'', a type of sacred column or standing stone. In the Septuagint, it is translated as . Archaeologists have adopted the term for these stones in Canaan and the pre-Islamic Arabia, pre-Islamic Arab state of the Nabataean Kingdom. Massevot can also mark graves. Etymology The Hebrew word is derived from a Semitic root meaning 'to stand', which led to the meaning "pillar". In transcription, many spellings are possible.''The Monument ("Matzeivah")'' Maurice Lamm for Chabad.org. Accessed 17 Jan 2022. Biblical narrative Use of the term can be found in and .Jacob The Biblical Patriarch, Patriarch Jacob set up four massebot in the ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leżajsk
Leżajsk (; ; ), officially the Free Royal City of Leżajsk (), is a town in southeastern Poland with 13,871 inhabitants. Since 1999, it has been situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship and is the capital of Leżajsk County. Leżajsk is famed for its Bernadine basilica and monastery, built by the architect Antonio Pellacini. The basilica contains a highly regarded pipe organ from the second half of the 17th century and organ recitals take place there. It stands as one of Poland's official national Historic Monuments (''Pomnik historii''), as designated April 20, 2005, and tracked by the National Heritage Board of Poland. Leżajsk is also home of the Leżajsk brewery. The town is crossed by a forest creek ''‘Jagoda’''. History Leżajsk is an old Polish royal town. The development of Leżajsk was slow, due to numerous and devastating Tatar and Wallachian raids, which took place in 1498, 1500, 1509, 1519 and 1524. Following these raids, Polish kings granted several priv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny
The Military Geographical Institute (, WIG) was the a carthographical institution of the Polish Armed Forces from 1919 until 1949. Colonel Józef Kreutzinger was the Head of the Institute from 1926. History of the institute When Poland regained its independence in 1918 it faced a challenge of making a new set of maps for a new country. The invaders left behind nine triangulation systems with 8 reference points. The ''Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny'', originally called the ''Instytut Wojskowo-Geograficzny'' (the "Geographic-Military Institute") was set up in 1919 in Warsaw. Its first task was to form a coherent and updated system from the maps of Polish territory originally drawn by the partitioning powers (German, Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires). The maps in various scales were the foundation of the 1:100,000 scale Polish maps. By 1926 40% of the area of Poland was mapped. From 1927 onwards, WIG began to draw a uniform triangulation network and to print its own, original 1: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
