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Jan Graliński
Jan Józef Graliński (February 8, 1895 – January 9, 1942) was chief of the Poland, Polish General Staff's interbellum Biuro Szyfrów, Cipher Bureau's Russian section, ''B.S.-3.'' After Poland was overrun by the Germany, Germans and Soviet Union, Soviets in September 1939, Graliński managed, along with other Cipher Bureau personnel, to reach Paris, France. He became part of the reconstituted Polish cryptology, cryptologic unit that was housed during the "Phony War" in the ''Château de Vignolles'', codenamed ''PC Bruno'', at Gretz-Armainvilliers, some forty kilometers northeast of Paris. After northern France was overrun by German forces in May–June 1940, Graliński was one of the Polish cryptologic team that operated at ''Cadix'' in southern, Vichy France's "Free Zone." Graliński perished in the Mediterranean Sea, near the Balearic Islands, on January 9, 1942. He was returning to the Cadix center, near Uzès in southern France, from a stint at Cadix's branch office at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château Couba
A château (, ; plural: châteaux) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowadays, a ''château'' may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux region of France. Definition The word château is a French word that has entered the English language, where its meaning is more specific than it is in French. The French word ''château'' denotes buildings as diverse as a medieval fortress, a Renaissance palace and a fine 19th-century country house. Care should therefore be taken when translating the French word ''château'' into English, noting the nature of the building in question. Most French châteaux are "palaces" or fine "country houses" rather than "castles", and for these, the word "château" is appropria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
