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Incomappleux River
The Incomappleux River is in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia, Canada. Entering the Beaton Arm of Upper Arrow Lake, the river is a major tributary of the Columbia River. The upper reaches of the Incomappleux valley are home to some of the only inland temperate rainforest in the world. First Nations The name "Incomappleux" is derived from the Okanagan word ''nk'mapeleqs'', meaning "point at end (of lake)". This refers to the northeastern tip of Upper Arrow Lake into which the river empties. The names of the creek and adjacent mountain are also derived from this word. A Sinixt village by this name formerly existed somewhere in the confluence area. European presence In 1865, James Turnbull, surveyor and mapmaker, explored the Incomappleux Valley. After the mid-1880s, visitors could enter the valley from the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) main line, moving southward through the Glacier National Park area into the valley and following the river to its mouth. Eu ...
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Kootenay Land District
The Kootenay Land District is a cadastral survey subdivision of the province of British Columbia, Canada, created with rest of those on Mainland British Columbia via the Lands Act of the Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866), Colony of British Columbia in 1860. The British Columbia government's BC Names system, a subdivision of GeoBC, defines a land district as "a territorial division with legally defined boundaries for administrative purposes" All land titles and surveys use the Land District system as the primary point of reference, and entries in BC Names for placenames and geographical objects are so listed. Description The land district comprises all those parts of the Kootenay River and Columbia River basins in the southeast corner of the province, excepting the drainages of the Okanogan River, Okanagan, Granby River, Granby, Sanpoil River, Sanpoil and Kettle River (Columbia River), Kettle Rivers, i.e. all those sub-basins of the Columbia on the west and south of the summ ...
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Glacier, British Columbia
Glacier, which once comprised small communities, is on the western approach to Rogers Pass in southeastern British Columbia. The name derives from the Great Glacier, which in the 1880s was just over a mile from the original train station. Initial settlement Glacier House To avoid hauling additional weight up the significant gradient, Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) parked a dining car at this location for a passenger train meal stop. Already ruled out were the summit, with its avalanche paths, and the steep river gorges of the eastern slope, which provided little space to develop facilities. This alpine meadow was an ideal setting for the Selkirk dining station. In 1885, Thomas Charles Sorby, future architect of the first CP Hotel Vancouver, designed a chalet for this site. The large dining room opened in November or December 1886, allowing the dining car to return to regular service. The 15-bedroom accommodation was ready for guests in January 1887, but staff occupied half these ...
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Columbia Country
Columbia Country refers to the upper basin of the Columbia River in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It includes a smaller region known as the Columbia Valley, near the river's headwaters at Columbia Lake in the Rocky Mountain Trench, as well as the Big Bend of that river, now mostly inundated by Kinbasket Lake and Revelstoke Lake. The area has no precisely defined boundaries, but conventionally Columbia Country encompasses the region upstream of Revelstoke, as the Arrow Lakes are generally referred to as a region in their own right, or as part of the West Kootenay. The lower Columbia, around the cities of Castlegar and Trail, is generally considered part of the West Kootenay, not the Columbia Country. Usages References to Columbia Country appears in the names of "twinned" region names like Columbia-Kootenay or Columbia-Shuswap. The former refers to the East Kootenay, the latter to the Revelstoke- Big Bend region, plus perhaps Golden. See also *Columbia River Drain ...
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Arrow Lakes
The Arrow Lakes in British Columbia, Canada, divided into Upper Arrow Lake and Lower Arrow Lake, are widenings of the Columbia River. The lakes are situated between the Selkirk Mountains to the east and the Monashee Mountains to the west. Beachland is fairly rare, and is interspersed with rocky headlands and steep cliffs. Mountain sides are heavily forested, and rise sharply to elevations around 2,600 metres. Originally two lakes 14 miles apart, the Arrow Lakes became one 230 km long lake due to the reservoir created by the 1960s construction of the Keenleyside Dam; at low water the two lakes remain distinct, connected by a fast-moving section known as the Narrows. Damming the Lower Arrow Lake resulted in water rising 12 metres above natural levels. As a result of higher water, the valley lost 2/3 of its arable land. Approximately two thousand people were relocated. The lake stretches from just north of Castlegar in the south to Revelstoke in the north. Another hydroe ...
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Tributaries Of The Columbia River
Tributaries and sub-tributaries are hierarchically listed in order from the mouth of the Columbia River upstream. Major dams and reservoir lakes are also noted. List of major tributaries The main river and tributaries are (sorted in order from the mouth heading upstream): * Wallacut River (Washington) * Chinook River (Washington) * Alder Creek (Oregon) ** Tansy Creek (Oregon) * Skipanon River (Oregon) * Youngs River (Oregon) ** Lewis and Clark River (Oregon) ** Wallooskee River (Oregon) ** Klaskanine River (Oregon) * Frank Born Creek (Washington) * Sisson Creek (Washington) * Deep River (Washington) * Grays River (Washington) * Crooked Creek (Washington) * Elochoman River (Washington) * John Day River (Oregon) * Eskeline Creek (Oregon) * Hillcrest Creek (Oregon) * Big Creek (Oregon) ** Little Creek (Oregon) * Gnat Creek (Oregon) * Kelly Creek (Oregon) ** Spear Creek (Oregon) * Hunt Creek (Oregon) * Driscoll Slough (Oregon) * Westport Slough (Oregon) ** Plymp ...
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Packhorse
A packhorse, pack horse, or sumpter refers to a horse, mule, donkey, or pony used to carry goods on its back, usually in sidebags or panniers. Typically packhorses are used to cross difficult terrain, where the absence of roads prevents the use of wheeled vehicles. Use of packhorses dates from the neolithic period to the present day. Today, westernized nations primarily use packhorses for recreational pursuits, but they are still an important part of everyday transportation of goods throughout much of the developing world and have some military uses in rugged regions. History Packhorses have been used since the earliest period of domestication of the horse. They were invaluable throughout antiquity, through the Middle Ages, and into modern times where roads are nonexistent or poorly maintained. Historic use in England Packhorses were heavily used to transport goods and minerals in England from medieval times until the construction of the first turnpike roads and canals in the ...
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Camborne, British Columbia
Camborne is a ghost town in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. The former mining community was at the mouth of Pool Creek on the east side of the Incomappleux River. The locality is about by road north of Nakusp and by road and ferry southeast of Revelstoke. Name origin In the late 1890s, John Cory Menhinick, mining recorder and engineer, pre-empted , being the first open space above the canyon of Fish Creek/River (a common former name for the Incomappleux). He reputedly renamed the location, which was formerly called Fish Creek Camp, after the mining school he attended in the mining town of Camborne, Cornwall, England. The earliest newspaper reference is 1900. Common misspellings are Menhenick and Cambourne. Mining In 1891, the initial trail for miners was cut to link with the northeast arm of Upper Arrow Lake. The first discoveries in the general area were at Pool Creek in 1892, which was about from the river mouth. By the next year, bonded mining cla ...
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Rainforest Panorama (4496188170)
Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforest can be classified as tropical rainforest or temperate rainforest, but other types have been described. Estimates vary from 40% to 75% of all biotic species being indigenous to the rainforests. There may be many millions of species of plants, insects and microorganisms still undiscovered in tropical rainforests. Tropical rainforests have been called the "jewels of the Earth" and the " world's largest pharmacy", because over one quarter of natural medicines have been discovered there. Rainforests as well as endemic rainforest species are rapidly disappearing due to deforestation, the resulting habitat loss and pollution of the atmosphere. Definition Rainforest are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, high humidity, the presence of moisture-dependent vegetation, a moist layer of leaf ...
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Névé
Névé is a young, granular type of snow which has been partially melted, refrozen and compacted, yet precedes the form of ice. This type of snow is associated with glacier formation through the process of ''nivation''. Névé that survives a full season of ablation turns into firn, which is both older and slightly denser. Firn eventually becomes glacial ice – the long-lived, compacted ice that glaciers are composed of. Glacier formation can take days to years depending on freeze-thaw factors. Névé is annually observed in skiing slopes, and is generally disliked as an icy falling zone. Névé has a minimum density of 500 kg/m3, which is roughly half of the density of liquid water at 1 atm. Névé can also refer to the alpine Alpine may refer to any mountainous region. It may also refer to: Places Europe * Alps, a European mountain range ** Alpine states, which overlap with the European range Australia * Alpine, New South Wales, a Northern Village * Alpine Nati ...
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Illecillewaet River
The Illecillewaet River is a tributary of the Columbia River located in British Columbia, Canada. Fed by the Illecillewaet Glacier in Glacier National Park, the river flows approximately to the southwest,About the Illecillewaet Watershed
, Columbia Mountains Institute
where it flows into the north end of at Revelstoke. The river's is .


History

The Illecillewaet has been of impor ...
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Rogers Pass (British Columbia)
Rogers Pass is a high mountain pass through the Selkirk Mountains of British Columbia, but the term also includes the approaches used by the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) and the Trans-Canada Highway. In the heart of Glacier National Park, this tourism destination since 1886 is a National Historic Site. Topography Rogers Pass is the lowest route between the Sir Donald and Hermit ranges of the Selkirks, providing a shortcut along the southern perimeter of the Big Bend of the Columbia River from Revelstoke on the west to Donald, near Golden, British Columbia, Golden, on the east. The pass is formed by the headwaters of the Illecillewaet River to the west and by the Beaver River (Columbia River), Beaver River to the east. These rivers are tributaries of the Columbia, which arcs to the north. Railway Proposal & planning During the 1870s, when the transcontinental was being planned, the preferred route through the Canadian Rockies was the northerly Yellowhead Pass. After awarding ...
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Illecillewaet Glacier
The Illecillewaet Glacier is a glacier in British Columbia, Canada. It is located inside Glacier National Park in the Selkirk Mountains, a sub-range of the Columbia Mountains. After the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway The Canadian Pacific Railway (french: Chemin de fer Canadien Pacifique) , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canadi ... (CPR) near the glacier’s Glacier terminus, terminus, and the building of a hotel nearby, the glacier became a prominent tourist destination in the Canadian west. Easily accessible by road and railway, it is one of the most-studied glaciers in North America. Its Retreat of glaciers since 1850, retreat over the last one hundred years has been extensively documented. Physical characteristics The glacier is located south of Mount Sir Donald in the Selkirk Mountains, west of Rogers Pass (British Columb ...
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