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Iskar (river)
The Iskar (, ; ) is a right tributary of the Danube. With a length of 368 km, it is the longest river that runs entirely within Bulgaria.Statistical Yearbook 2017 National Statistical Institute (Bulgaria), p. 17 Originating as three forks in Balkan's highest mountain range Rila, the Iskar flows in a northern direction until its confluence with the Danube. As it flows northwards it fuels the largest artificial lake in the country, the Iskar Reservoir, forms the divide between the Vitosha and Plana Mountains in the west and the Sredna Gora mountain range in the east before entering the Sofia Valley, which contains the nation's capital Sofia. From there the Iskar runs through the Balkan Mountains, forming the spectacular 84 km long Iskar Gorge. As it crosses the mountains, its water course turns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iskar Reservoir
The Iskar Reservoir (язовир „Искър“) is the largest reservoir in Bulgaria. Situated on the Iskar River, it provides two-third of the water for the capital Sofia, and also produces hydroelectricity. The reservoir has a total volume of 673 million m3, of which 580 million are in use and the rest is reserve. The reservoir has a drainage basin of 1,046 km2 and is 25 km long. It is situated at 820 m above sea level, its dam being 204 m long and 76 m high. History The initial plans for the construction of a dam on the Iskar date to as early as 1900-1901, immediately after the building of the Pancharevo Hydroelectric Power Plant. In 1921, the idea was once again brought up, but its accomplishment failed due to the municipality's inability to indemnify the residents of the neighbouring villages of Gorni Pasarel, Shishmanovo and Kalkovo. Topographic photographs and a geological assessment regarding the dam were made and observations of the Iskar's water level ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia (country), Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. The Black Sea is Inflow (hydrology), supplied by major rivers, principally the Danube, Dnieper and Dniester. Consequently, while six countries have a coastline on the sea, its drainage basin includes parts of 24 countries in Europe. The Black Sea, not including the Sea of Azov, covers , has a maximum depth of , and a volume of . Most of its coasts ascend rapidly. These rises are the Pontic Mountains to the south, bar the southwest-facing peninsulas, the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and the Crimean Mountains to the mid-north. In the west, the coast is generally small floodplains below foothills such as the Strandzha; Cape Emine, a dwindling of the east end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maritsa
Maritsa or Maritza ( ), also known as Evros ( ) and Meriç ( ), is a river that runs through the Balkans in Southeast Europe. With a length of ,Statistical Yearbook 2017 National Statistical Institute (Bulgaria), p. 17 it is the List of rivers of Europe, longest river that runs solely in the interior of the Balkans, Balkan peninsula, and one of the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by discharge, largest in Europe by discharge. It flows through Bulgaria in its upper and middle reaches, while its lower course forms much of the border between Greece and Turkey. Its drainage area is about , of which 66.2% is in Bulgaria, 27.5% in Turkey, and 6.3% in Greece. It is the main river of the historical region of Thrace, most of which lies in its drainage basin. It has its origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vit (river)
The Vit (; ) is a river in northern Bulgaria, a right tributary of the Danube. Its length including the main stem Beli (White) Vit is 189 km, while the river proper, formed by the confluence of the Beli and Cherni (Black) Vit is 153 km. Vit Ice Piedmont in Antarctica is named after the river. The fish species Cottus haemusi, Vit sculpin of the genus ''Cottus (fish), Cottus'' is endemic to the Vit. Geography Course The main stem the Beli Vit is 36 km long and takes its source at an altitude of 1,595 m on the western foothills of the summit of Yumruka (1,819 m) at the boundary between the Zlatitsa–Teteven and the Troyan sections of the Balkan Mountains and flows in general direction northwest in a steep forested valley. The other stem, the 27 km long Cherni Vit, springs at an altitude of 1,980 m about 800 m northwest of the summit of Baba (2,070 m) in the Zlatitsa–Teteven section of the Balkan Mountains and flows north in a deep f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or, in scientific literature, as an ''endemite''. Similarly, many species found in the Western ghats of India are examples of endemism. Endemism is an important concept in conservation biology for measuring biodiversity in a particular place and evaluating the risk of extinction for species. Endemism is also of interest in evolutionary biology, because it provides clues about how changes in the environment cause species to undergo range shifts (potentially expanding their range into a larger area or b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cottus Haemusi
''Cottus haemusi'' is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. Description It is endemic to Bulgaria. It inhabits the Beli Vit, the main stem of the river Vit of the Danube The Danube ( ; see also #Names and etymology, other names) is the List of rivers of Europe#Longest rivers, second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through Central and Southeastern Europe, from the Black Forest sou ... river drainage. It reaches a maximum length of 10.0 cm. References Cottus (fish) Endemic fauna of Bulgaria Cyprinid fish of Europe Fish described in 1986 {{Cottidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danubian Plain (Bulgaria)
The Danubian Plain () constitutes the northern part of Bulgaria, situated north of the Balkan Mountains and south of the Danube. Its western border is the Timok River, and to the east it borders the Black Sea. The plain has an area of . It is about long and wide. The Danubian Plain is contiguous with the Wallachian Plain (forming the Lower Danubian Plain), but its elevation is slightly higher and the relief is more hilly and rolling, featuring numerous plateaux and river valleys. The climate is markedly temperate continental with a weak Black Sea influence in the east. Precipitation is on average 450–650 mm a year. Important rivers include the Danube, the Iskar, the Yantra, the Osam, the Vit, the Rusenski Lom, the Ogosta, and the Lom. Among the major cities of the region are Rousse, Pleven, Dobrich, Shumen, Vidin, Silistra, Targovishte, Razgrad, Svishtov and Lom. Minerals The Danubian Plain contains a wide variety of minerals, such as: * Lignite (Lomski ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakatnik
Lakatnik ( ) is a small village located in Svoge Municipality, near the Lakatnik rocks. The village has a train station A train station, railroad station, or railway station is a railway facility where trains stop to load or unload passengers, freight, or both. It generally consists of at least one platform, one track, and a station building providing suc ... called Gara Lakatnik on the train line Sofia - Mezdra located 8 km north of the village. During the years the train station turned into in a separate settlement. Lakatnik will co-host the Bulgarian National Youth Games in August 2017. The other host villages will be Bov, Bulgaria, Bov, Gara Bov, Gara Bov and Gara Lakatnik, Gara Lakatnik. The cycling events will take part in the village. References Villages in Sofia Province {{Bulgaria-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iskar Gorge
The Iskăr Gorge is a gorge passing through the Balkan Mountains (Stara Planina) in Bulgaria. It is the chief pass through the Balkans, which otherwise cross northern Bulgaria in a solid line. The pass connects the capital of Sofia with other major cities in the country, such as Mezdra. There is a road and a railway through the pass, following the course of the Iskar River. The canyon walls are made of limestone and sandstone Sandstone is a Clastic rock#Sedimentary clastic rocks, clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of grain size, sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate mineral, silicate grains, Cementation (geology), cemented together by another mineral. Sand ..., which was carved down by the Iskar over thousands of years, resulting in rugged crags and towers throughout. At one point, the walls are nearly tall. External links Hiking map of the trails in the Iskar River Gorge region References Balkan mountains Canyons and gorges of Bulgaria Landforms of Sofia Cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balkan Mountains
The Balkan mountain range is located in the eastern part of the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It is conventionally taken to begin at the peak of Vrashka Chuka on the border between Bulgaria and Serbia. It then runs for about , first in a south-easterly direction along the border, then eastward across Bulgaria, forming a natural barrier between the northern and southern halves of the country, before finally reaching the Black Sea at Cape Emine. The mountains reach their highest point with Botev Peak at . In much of the central and eastern sections, the summit forms the watershed between the drainage basins of the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea, Aegean. A prominent gap in the mountains is formed by the predominantly narrow Iskar Gorge, a few miles north of the Bulgarian capital, Sofia. The karst relief determines the large number of caves, including Magura Cave, Magura, featuring the most important and extended European post-Palaeolithic cave painting, Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sofia Valley
The Sofia Valley (), or Sofia Field (), is situated in central western Bulgaria. It is the second of the succession of the eleven Sub-Balkan valleys in direction west–east and is the largest of them in area and population. It is named after the city of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. Strategically situated on major crossroads in the center of the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, the valley is an important national and international economic, transportation and cultural hub. Geography The valley is enclosed between the Mount Chepan, Chepan, Mala Planina, Sofia Mountain and Murgash divisions of the Balkan Mountains to the north–northeast, the mountain ranges of Viskyar Mountain, Viskyar, Lyulin Mountain, Lyulin and Vitosha to the southwest, the Lozen Mountain division of the Sredna Gora mountain range to the south and the Vakarel Mountain and Belitsa Ridge of Sredna Gora to the southeast. To the west the watershed between the rivers Gaberska River, Gaberska and Slivnishka, as we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
