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Isaac Beeckman
Isaac Beeckman (10 December 1588van Berkel, p10 – 19 May 1637) was a Dutch philosopher and scientist, who, through his studies and contact with leading natural philosophers, may have "virtually given birth to modern atomism".Harold J. Cook, in ''The Scientific Revolution in National Context'', Roy Porter, Mikuláš Teich, (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 1992, pages 127–129 Biography Beeckman was born in Middelburg, Zeeland, to a strongly Calvinistic family, which had fled from the Spanish-controlled Southern Netherlands a few years before. He had a strong early education in his home town and went on to study theology, literature and mathematics in Leiden. Upon his return to Middelburg he could not find a position as a minister, due to clashing ideas of his father and the local church, and decided to follow his father in the candle-making business, setting up his own company in Zierikzee. While trying to improve on the candle-making process, he also involved himself in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middelburg, Zeeland
Middelburg () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the south-western Netherlands serving as the Capital (political), capital of the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of Zeeland. Situated on the central peninsula of the Zeeland province, ''Midden-Zeeland'' (consisting of former islands Walcheren, Noord-Beveland and Zuid-Beveland), it has a population of about 48,000. In terms of technology, Middelburg played a role in the Scientific Revolution at the early modern period. The town was historically a center of Lens (optics), lens crafting in the Dutch Golden Age, Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. The invention of the microscope and invention of the telescope, telescope is often credited to Middelburg spectacle-makers (including Zacharias Janssen and Hans Lipperhey) in the late 16th century and early 17th century. History The city of Middelburg dates back possibly to the late 8th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rector (academia)
A rector (Latin language, Latin for 'ruler') is a senior official in an educational institution, and can refer to an official in either a university or a secondary school. Outside the English-speaking world, the rector is often the most senior official in a university, while in the United States, the equivalent is often referred to as the President (education), president, and in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth of Nations, the equivalent is the Vice-chancellor (education), vice-chancellor. The term and office of a rector can be referred to as a rectorate. The title is used widely in universities in EuropeEuropean nations where the word ''rector'' or a cognate thereof (''rektor'', ''recteur'', etc.) is used in referring to university administrators include Albania, Austria, Benelux, the Benelux, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Moldova, North Macedonia, Poland, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebastian Basso
Sebastian may refer to: People and fictional characters * Sebastian (name), including a list of persons and fictional characters with the name * Saint Sebastian, a Christian saint martyred in the 3rd century * Sebastian of Portugal (1554–1578), the sixteenth king of Portugal and the Algarve * Infante Sebastian of Portugal and Spain (1811–1875), Infante of Portugal (1811) and Infante of Spain (1824) * Sebastián (sculptor) (born 1947), artist based in Mexico * Sebastian (French musician), stage name of French musician, composer, producer, mixer, engineer, vocalist and DJ Sébastien Akchoté-Bozović (born 1981) * Sebastian (singer), stage name of Danish musician Knud Torben Christensen (born 1949) * Sebastian (rapper), stage name of American rapper Garland Mosley Jr., brother of Timbaland * Sin With Sebastian (also known as Sebastian), German musician Sebastian Roth (born 1971) * Mr. Sebastian, professional name of body pierce artist Alan Oversby (1933–1996) * Sebastian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristotle
Aristotle (; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosophy, Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum (classical), Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelianism, Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science. Little is known about Aristotle's life. He was born in the city of Stagira (ancient city), Stagira in northern Greece during the Classical Greece, Classical period. His father, Nicomachus (father of Aristotle), Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At around eighteen years old, he joined Plato's Platonic Academy, Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty seven (). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornelis De Waard
Cornelis de Waard (born 19 August 1879 in Bergen op Zoom, died in Vlissingen on 6 May 1963) was a Dutch mathematics teacher and a historian who specialized in researching science and mathematics of the seventeenth century. Biography De Waard studied mathematics and physics in Amsterdam and was then a teacher in The Hague, Winschoten, and from 1909 until retirement in 1944, lived in Vlissingen. Historical work de Waard was particularly concerned with mathematicians of the first half of the 17th century such as René Descartes, Pierre de Fermat, Gilles Personne de Roberval, Blaise Pascal, Girard Desargues. He discovered and published several original writings of scholars of the seventeenth century, including 8 volumes of the correspondence Marin Mersenne and the journals of Isaac Beeckman. He assisted Étienne Gilson in the preparation of his edition of Descartes' ''Discourse on the Method''. In his 1906 “De uitvinding der verrekijkers” ("The Discovery of the Telescope"), one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galileo
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei ( , , ) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. He was born in the city of Pisa, then part of the Duchy of Florence. Galileo has been called the father of observational astronomy, modern-era classical physics, the scientific method, and modern science. Galileo studied speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle of relativity, inertia, projectile motion and also worked in applied science and technology, describing the properties of the pendulum and " hydrostatic balances". He was one of the earliest Renaissance developers of the thermoscope and the inventor of various military compasses. With an improved telescope he built, he observed the stars of the Milky Way, the phases of Venus, the four largest satellites of Jupiter, Saturn's rings, lunar craters and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Gaukroger
Stephen Gaukroger (July 9, 1950 – September 3, 2023) was a British historian of philosophy and science who spent the majority of his academic career in Australia. Gaukroger was Emeritus Professor of History of Philosophy and History of Science at the University of Sydney. Life Stephen Gaukroger was born on 9 July, 1950, in Oldham, Lancashire, and educated at Cardinal Langley Grammar School. He studied Philosophy at Birkbeck College, University of London, where he was awarded first class honours with the official congratulations of the Board of Examiners. He was a graduate student at Darwin College, Cambridge, completing his PhD in 1977 in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science. In 1977 he was elected to a research fellowship at Clare Hall, Cambridge, and at the end of 1978 moved to a research fellowship at the University of Melbourne. In 1981 he took up a lectureship in philosophy at the University of Sydney. He married Helen Irving Helen Irving (born Apr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breda
Breda ( , , , ) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southern part of the Netherlands, located in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Brabant. The name derived from ''brede Aa'' ('wide Aa' or 'broad Aa') and refers to the confluence of the rivers Mark (Dintel), Mark and Aa of Weerijs, Aa. Breda has 185,072 inhabitants on 13 September 2022 and is part of the Brabantse Stedenrij; it is the tenth largest city/municipality in the country, and the third largest in North Brabant after Eindhoven and Tilburg. It is equidistant from Rotterdam and Antwerp. As a Defensive wall, fortified city, it was of strategic military and political significance. Although a direct fiefdom of the Holy Roman Emperor, the city obtained a City rights in the Low Countries, municipal charter; the acquisition of Breda, through marriage, by the House of Orange-Nassau, House of Nassau ensured that Breda would be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan De Witt
Johan de Witt (24 September 1625 – 20 August 1672) was a Dutch statesman and mathematician who was a major political figure during the First Stadtholderless Period, when flourishing global trade in a period of rapid European colonial expansion made the Dutch a leading trading and seafaring power in Europe, commonly referred to as the Dutch Golden Age. De Witt was elected Grand Pensionary of Holland, and together with his uncle Cornelis de Graeff, he controlled the Dutch political system from around 1650 until the (Disaster Year) of 1672. This progressive cooperation between the two statesmen, and the consequent support of Amsterdam under the rule of De Graeff, was an important political axis that organized the political system within the republic. As a leading republican of the Dutch States Party, De Witt opposed the House of Orange-Nassau and the Orangists and preferred a shift of power from the central government to the '' regenten''. However, the Dutch Republic su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Stevin
Simon Stevin (; 1548–1620), sometimes called Stevinus, was a County_of_Flanders, Flemish mathematician, scientist and music theorist. He made various contributions in many areas of science and engineering, both theoretical and practical. He also translated various mathematical terms into Dutch language, Dutch, making it one of the few European languages in which the word for mathematics, ''wikt:en:wiskunde#Dutch, wiskunde'' (''wikt:en:wis#Dutch, wis'' and ''wikt:en:kunde#Dutch, kunde'', i.e., "the knowledge of what is certain"), was not a loanword from Greek language, Greek but a calque via Latin. He also replaced the word ''wikt:en:chemie#Dutch, chemie'', the Dutch for chemistry, by ''wikt:en:scheikunde#Dutch, scheikunde'' ("the art of separating"), made in analogy#Linguistics, analogy with ''wikt:en:wiskunde#Dutch, wiskunde''. Biography Very little is known with certainty about Simon Stevin's life, and what we know is mostly inferred from other recorded facts.E. J. Dijkste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolph Snellius
Rudolph Snel van Royen (5 October 1546 – 2 March 1613), Latinized as Rudolphus Snellius, was a Dutch linguist and mathematician who held appointments at the University of Marburg and the University of Leiden. Snellius was an influence on some of the leading political and intellectual forces of the Dutch Golden Age. Life Rudolph Snel van Royen was born on 5 October 1546 in Oudewater. Born to a wealthy family in Episcopal principality of Utrecht while this province was under the dominion of the emperor Charles V, Rudolf Snel grew up in the city of Oudewater. At maturity he left to study at the University of Cologne under Valentin Naboth and at the University of Heidelberg under Immanuel Tremellius and soon received a teaching position at the University of Marburg. Though trained in Aristotelian logic, he had become impressed with the new logic of Petrus Ramus, which he taught along with mathematics and languages at his university posts. In 1578, he returned to Oudewater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klaas Van Berkel
Klaas van Berkel (born 24 July 1953) is a Dutch historian, historian of science, and professor of Modern History at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, known from his work on the history of science in the Netherlands, particularly the work of Isaac Beeckman, Simon Stevin and Eduard Jan Dijksterhuis. Life Born in Nieuwer-Amstel, Van Berkel studied history and philosophy at the University of Groningen, and in 1983 he received his PhD at the University of Utrecht with a dissertation, entitled "Isaac Beeckman (1588-1637) en de mechanisering van het wereldbeeld" (Isaac Beeckman (1588-1637) and the mechanization of the world view). Afterwards, he worked as a research assistant at the Open University and taught history of science at the Agricultural University at Wageningen. In 1988 he was appointed Professor of Modern History at the University of Groningen as a successor to Ernst Kossmann. From 1992 to 1999 he was director of the Rudolf Agricola Institute. Since 1988 V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
