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Iodophenol
An iodophenol is any organoiodide of phenol that contains one or more covalently bonded iodine atoms. There are five basic types of iodophenols (mono- to pentaiodophenol) and 19 different iodophenols in total when positional isomerism is taken into account. Iodophenols are produced by electrophilic halogenation of phenol with iodine. List of iodophenols There is a total of 19 iodophenols, corresponding to the different ways in which iodine atoms can be attached to the five carbon atoms in the benzene ring of the phenol molecule, excluding the carbon atom to which the hydroxy group is attached. Monoiodophenols have three isomers because there is only one iodine atom that can occupy one of three ring positions on the phenol molecule; 2-iodophenol, for example, is the isomer that has an iodine atom in the '' ortho'' position. Pentaiodophenol, by contrast, has only one isomer because all five available ring positions on the phenol are fully iodinated. * Monoiodophenol (3 positi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-Iodophenol
4-Iodophenol (''p''-iodophenol) is an aromatic organic compound. A colorless solid, it is one of three monoiodophenols. 4-Iodophenol undergoes a variety of coupling reactions in which the iodine substituent is replaced by a new carbon group ''para'' to the hydroxy group of the phenol. It is also used to enhance chemiluminescence for detection of cancer cells and in the Eclox assay. 4-Iodophenol can be prepared from 4-aminophenol via the diazonium salt. An alternative synthesis involves reaction of salicylic acid with iodine, followed by decarboxylation Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is .... References Iodoarenes Phenols {{organic-chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2-Iodophenol
2-Iodophenol (''o''-iodophenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the formula IC6H4OH. It is a pale yellow solid that melts near room temperature. It undergoes a variety of coupling reactions in which the iodine substituent is replaced by a new carbon group '' ortho'' to the hydroxy group of the phenol, which can be followed by cyclization to form heterocycle A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a cyclic compound that has atoms of at least two different elements as members of its ring(s). Heterocyclic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and ...s. It can be prepared by treatment of 2-chloromercuriphenol with iodine: : Direct reaction of phenol with iodine gives a mixture of 2- and 4-iodo derivatives. References Iodoarenes Phenols {{organic-chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromophenol
A bromophenol is any organobromide of phenol that contains one or more covalently bonded bromine atoms. There are five basic types of bromophenols (mono- to pentabromophenol) and 19 different bromophenols in total when positional isomerism is taken into account. Bromophenols are produced by electrophilic halogenation of phenol with bromine. List of bromophenols There is a total of 19 bromophenols, corresponding to the different ways in which bromine atoms can be attached to the five carbon atoms in the benzene ring of the phenol molecule, excluding the carbon atom to which the hydroxy group is attached. Monobromrophenols have three isomers because there is only one bromine atom that can occupy one of three ring positions on the phenol molecule; 2-bromophenol, for example, is the isomer that has a bromine atom in the '' ortho'' position. Pentabromophenol, by contrast, has only one isomer because all five available ring positions on the phenol are fully brominated. * Mono ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorophenol
A chlorophenol is any organochloride of phenol that contains one or more covalently bonded chlorine atoms. There are five basic types of chlorophenols (mono- to pentachlorophenol) and 19 different chlorophenols in total when positional isomerism is taken into account. Chlorophenols are produced by electrophilic halogenation of phenol with chlorine. Most chlorophenols are solid at room temperature. They have a strong, medicinal taste and smell. Chlorophenols are commonly used as pesticides, herbicides, and disinfectants. List of chlorophenols There is a total of 19 chlorophenols, corresponding to the different ways in which chlorine atoms can be attached to the five carbons in the benzene ring of the phenol molecule, excluding the carbon atom to which the hydroxy group is attached. Monochlorophenols have three isomers because there is only one chlorine atom that can occupy one of three ring positions on the phenol molecule; 2-chlorophenol, for example, is the isomer that ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrophilic Halogenation
In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system. : A few types of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, will react without a catalyst, but for typical benzene derivatives with less reactive substrates, a Lewis acid is required as a catalyst. Typical Lewis acid catalysts include , , and . These work by forming a highly electrophilic complex which is attacked by the benzene ring. Reaction mechanism The reaction mechanism for chlorination of benzene is the same as bromination of benzene. Iron(III) bromide and iron(III) chloride become inactivated if they react with water, including moisture in the air. Therefore, they are generated by adding iron filings to bromine or chlorine. Here is the mechanism of this reaction: : The mechanism for iodination is slightly different: iodine (I2) is treated wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenol
Phenol (also called carbolic acid) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group () bonded to a hydroxy group (). Mildly acidic, it requires careful handling because it can cause chemical burns. Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 billion kg/year) from petroleum-derived feedstocks. It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds. It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are essential for production of polycarbonates, epoxies, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs. Properties Phenol is an organic compound appreciably soluble in water, with about 84.2 g dissolving in 1000 mL (0.895 M). Homogeneous mixtures of phenol and water ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
