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Inkers
The inker (sometimes credited as the finisher or embellisher) is one of the two line artists in traditional comic book production. After the penciller creates a drawing with pencil, the inker interprets this drawing by outlining and embellishing it with a pencil, an ink pen or a brush with black ink. Inking was necessary in the traditional printing process as presses could not reproduce pencilled drawings. Another specialist, the letterer, handles the "inking" of text and word balloons, while the colorist applies color to the final inked art submitted by the inker. Workflow While inking involves tracing pencil lines in a literal sense, it is an act of creative interpretation rather than rote copying. Inkers fine-tune the composition by adding the proper thckness to lines, creating visual contrast through shading, and making other artistic choices. A pencil drawing can have many shades of grey depending on the hardness of the graphite used, and the pressure applied by the artist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack Kirby
Jack Kirby (; born Jacob Kurtzberg; August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was an American comics artist, comic book artist, widely regarded as one of the medium's major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators. He grew up in New York City and learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and editorial cartoons. He entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s, drawing various comics features under different pen names, including Jack Curtiss, before settling on Jack Kirby. In 1940, he and writer-editor Joe Simon created the highly successful superhero character Captain America for Timely Comics, predecessor of Marvel Comics. During the 1940s, Kirby regularly teamed with Simon, creating numerous characters for that company and for National Comics Publications, later to become DC Comics. After serving in the European Theater of Operations, United States Army, European Theater in World War II, Kirby produced work for DC Comics, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crusty Bunkers
Crusty Bunker, or the Crusty Bunkers, was the collective pseudonym of a group of comic book inkers clustered around Neal Adams' and Dick Giordano's New York City-based art and design agency Continuity Studios from 1972 to 1977. The group was also occasionally credited as Ilya Hunch, Chuck Bunker, or The Goon Squad. Theakston, Greg and Nowlan, Kevin, et al., at Many Crusty Bunkers team members went on to successful individual careers in the comics industry. Around 2020, Adams opened a Burbank, California, comics retailer called Neal Adams Crusty Bunkers Comics and Toys. The store is managed by Adams' son Joel Adams. On occasion, Neal Adams would create and sell items such as variant covers, called "Crusty Bunker" editions, which were offered exclusively at the store or from Adams himself. History According to former member Alan Weiss, the name "Crusty Bunker" was first coined by Adams in relation to his children: "It was like calling someone a name that wasn't really dirty. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Garvey (comics)
Brian Garvey (born September 18, 1961) is a comic book artist, known primarily for inking. Along with his inking partner, Ian Akin, Garvey worked on many superhero comics (mostly for Marvel Comics) from 1982–1988. Biography Garvey met Akin in San Francisco in the late 1970s, through the community around Gary Arlington's San Francisco Comic Book Company.Akin, Ian"In Memory of Ray," Akin & Garvey blog (Mar. 15, 2011). Joining Akin's small studio, the pair began working together. Their first professional job was on '' ROM Spaceknight'' #34 (Sept. 1982), inking over Sal Buscema's pencils. Akin & Garvey became the regular ''ROM'' inkers for almost two years, until 1984. During that time, they also provided the inks for the 1982 Marvel mini-series ''The Vision and the Scarlet Witch''. Also in 1984, the pair inked the four-issue mini-series '' Starriors'' for Marvel. Moving over to DC Comics in 1985, the inking team worked on ''Firestorm'' for five consecutive issues. Back at Marvel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ian Akin
Ian Akin (born July 28, 1959, in California) is a comic book artist, known primarily for inking. Along with his inking partner, Brian Garvey, Akin worked on many superhero comics (mostly for Marvel Comics) from 1982 to 1988. Biography Akin grew up in southern California, in Riverside County. At age 13, he and his mother and sister moved to San Francisco. Akin's first professional job was producing artwork for Larry Fuller's ''New Funny Book'' in 1978.Who's Who of American Comics: 1928 - 1999 by Bails, Jerry G. and Ware, Hames. Accessed September 12, 2008 Around this time he met [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joe Simon
Joseph Henry Simon (born Hymie Simon; October 11, 1913 – December 14, 2011) was an American comic book writer, artist, editor, and publisher. Simon created or co-created many important characters in the 1930s–1940s Golden Age of Comic Books and served as the first editor of Timely Comics, the company that would evolve into Marvel Comics. With his partner, artist Jack Kirby, he co-created Captain America, one of comics' most enduring superheroes, and the team worked extensively on such features at DC Comics as the 1940s Sandman (Wesley Dodds), Sandman and Sandy the Golden Boy, and co-created the Newsboy Legion, the Boy Commandos, and Manhunter (comics), Manhunter. Simon and Kirby creations for other comics publishers include Boys' Ranch, Fighting American and the Fly (Archie Comics), Fly. In the late 1940s, the duo created the field of romance comics, and were among the earliest pioneers of horror comics. Simon, who went on to work in advertising and commercial art, also found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penciller
A penciller (or penciler) is an artist who works on the creation of comic books, graphic novels, and similar visual art forms, with a focus on the initial pencil illustrations. In the American comic book industry, the penciller is the first step in rendering the story in visual form, and may require several steps of feedback with the writer. These artists are concerned with layout (positions and vantages on scenes) to showcase steps in the plot. Tools and materials A penciller works in pencil. Beyond this basic description, however, different artists choose to use a wide variety of different tools. While many artists use traditional wood pencils, others prefer mechanical pencils or drafting leads. Pencillers may use any lead hardness they wish, although many artists use a harder lead (like a 2H) to make light lines for initial sketches, then turn to a slightly softer lead (like a HB) for finishing phases of the drawing. Still other artists do their initial layouts using a ligh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Letterer
A letterer is a member of a team of comic book creators responsible for drawing the comic book's text. The letterer's use of typefaces, calligraphy, letter size, and layout all contribute to the impact of the comic-book-reading experience. The letterer crafts the comic's "display lettering": the story's title lettering, creator credits, and any specialized captions that appear on the story's first page. They also craft the lettering that appears in the word balloons, also designing the various sound effects that appear within the comic book story. Many letterers also design logos for the comic book company's various titles. History Origins By the time comic books came of age in the 1940s, the huge volume of work demanded by publishers had encouraged an assembly-line process, dividing the creative process into distinct tasks: writer, penciller, letterer, inker, and colorist. By the late 1940s, it became possible to make a living just lettering comic strips and comic books ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adobe Illustrator
Adobe Illustrator is a vector graphics editor and Computer-aided design, design software developed and marketed by Adobe Inc., Adobe. Originally designed for the Apple Inc., Apple Mac (computer), Macintosh, development of Adobe Illustrator began in 1985. Along with Creative Cloud (Adobe's shift to a monthly or annual subscription service delivered over the Internet), Illustrator CC was released. The latest Software versioning, version, Illustrator 2025, was released on October 14, 2024, and is the 29th generation in the product line. Adobe Illustrator was reviewed as the best vector graphics editing program in 2021 by ''PC Magazine, PC'' ''PC Magazine, Magazine''. History Versions 1–1.6 (Illustrator 88) Development of Adobe Illustrator for the Apple Inc., Apple Macintosh began in 1985 (shipping in January 1987) as Adobe's second software product after PostScript. Adobe co-founder and CEO John Edward Warnock, John Warnock created Illustrator in late 1986 to automate many of the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Inc., Adobe for Microsoft Windows, Windows and macOS. It was created in 1987 by Thomas Knoll, Thomas and John Knoll. It is the most used tool for professional digital art, especially in raster graphics editing, and its name has become Generic trademark, genericised as a verb (e.g. "to photoshop an image", "photoshopping", and "photoshop contest") although Adobe disapproves of such use. Photoshop can edit and compose raster images in multiple layers and supports Mask (computing), masks, alpha compositing and several color models. Photoshop uses its own PSD and PSB file formats to support these features. In addition to raster graphics, Photoshop has limited abilities to edit or render text and vector graphics (especially through clipping path for the latter), as well as 3D graphics and video. Its feature set can be expanded by Photoshop plug-in, plug-ins; programs developed and distributed independentl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comic Book
A comic book, comic-magazine, or simply comic is a publication that consists of comics art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panel (comics), panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by descriptive prose and written narrative, usually dialogue contained in word balloons emblematic of the comics art form. ''Comic Cuts'' was a British comic published from 1890 to 1953. It was preceded by ''Ally Sloper's Half Holiday'' (1884), which is notable for its use of sequential Cartoon, cartoons to unfold narrative. These British comics existed alongside the popular lurid "penny dreadfuls" (such as ''Spring-heeled Jack''), boys' "story papers" and the humorous ''Punch (magazine), Punch'' magazine, which was the first to use the term "cartoon" in its modern sense of a humorous drawing. The first modern American comic book, American-style comic book, ''Famous Funnies: A Carnival of Comics'', was released in the US in 1933 and was a reprinting of earlier newsp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inkscape
Inkscape is a vector graphics editor. It is used for both artistic and technical illustrations such as cartoons, clip art, logos, typography, diagrams, and flowcharts. It uses vector graphics to allow for sharp printouts and renderings at unlimited resolution and is not bound to a fixed number of pixels like raster graphics. It is free and open-source software released under a GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0 or later. Inkscape uses a file format defined by a technical standard named Scalable Vector Graphics ( SVG) as its main format, which is supported by many other applications including web browsers. It can import and export various file formats, including Adobe Illustrator (AI), Encapsulated PostScript (EPS), PDF, PostScript (PS) and PNG. Inkscape can render primitive vector shapes (e.g. rectangles, ellipses, polygons, arcs, spirals, stars and 3D boxes) and text. These objects may be filled with solid colors, patterns, and radial or linear color gradients, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adobe Inc
Adobe Inc. ( ), formerly Adobe Systems Incorporated, is an American software, computer software company based in San Jose, California. It offers a wide range of programs from web design tools, photo manipulation and vector creation, through to video/audio editing, mobile app development, print layout and animation software. It has historically specialized in software for the creation and publication of a wide range of content, including graphics, photography, illustration, animation, multimedia/video, motion pictures, and print. Its flagship products include Adobe Photoshop image editing software; Adobe Illustrator vector-based illustration software; Adobe Acrobat Reader and the Portable Document Format (PDF); and a host of tools primarily for audio-visual content creation, editing and publishing. Adobe offered a bundled solution of its products named Adobe Creative Suite, which evolved into a subscription-based offering named Adobe Creative Cloud. The company also expanded into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
