India–European Union Relations
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India–European Union Relations
Relations between the European Union and the Republic of India are currently defined by the 1994 EU–India Cooperation Agreement. The EU is a significant trade partner for India and the two sides have been attempting to negotiate a free trade deal since 2007. Indo-EU bilateral trade (excluding services trade) stood at US$104.3 billion in the financial year 2018–19.http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2006/september/tradoc_122530.pdf Trade The EU is India's largest trading partner with 12.5% of India's overall trade between 2015 and 2016, ahead of China (10.8%) and the United States (9.3%). India is the EU's 9th largest trading partner with 2.4% of the EU's overall trade. Bilateral trade (in both goods & services) reached €115 billion in 2017 EU exports to India have grown from €24.2 billion in 2006 to €45.7 billion in 2018. India's exports to the EU also grew steadily from €22.6 billion in 2006 to €45.82 billion in 2018, with the largest sectors being engineerin ...
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European External Action Service
The European External Action Service (EEAS) is the diplomatic service in charge of executing all Foreign relations of the European Union, international relations of the European Union. The EEAS is led by the Vice-President of the European Commission, vice-president of the European Commission for High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR/VP), who is also President of the Foreign Affairs Council, and carries out the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), including the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). The EEAS does not propose or implement policy in its own name, but prepares acts to be adopted by the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, High Representative, the European Commission or the Council of the European Union, Council. The EEAS is also in charge of EU diplomatic missions (List of diplomatic missions of the European Union, delegations) and intel ...
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Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ...
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Bulgaria–India Relations
Bulgaria–India relations, (Bulgarian language, Bulgarian: Българо-индийските отношения; Hindi:बल्गेरिया-भारत संबंध), also known as the Indo–Bulgarian relations, are the international relations that exist between the Republic of Bulgaria and the Republic of India. Bulgaria has an embassy in New Delhi and honorary consulates in Hyderabad, Kolkata, and Mumbai. The embassy is jointly accredited to Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Bhutan, and also observes the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). India has an embassy in Sofia that is also jointly accredited to North Macedonia. In 1954, preliminary negotiations were held between Bulgaria and India in Moscow, and diplomatic relations were established in December 1954. Bulgaria opened a diplomatic mission (Legation) in New Delhi in April 1955. The mission was re-organised into an embassy in March 1961. India's diplomatic representatives ...
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Austria–India Relations
Austria–India relations or Indo–Austrian relations are the international relations that exist between Austria and India. India maintains an embassy in Vienna, which is concurrently accredited to Montenegro, The Holy See, and the United Nations Office at Vienna. Austria is represented in India by its embassy and trade commission in New Delhi, an Honorary Consulate General in Mumbai and Honorary Consulates in Kolkata, Chennai and Vasco da Gama, Goa. History The Habsburg monarchy, and later the Austrian Empire, made three attempts to colonize and settle the Nicobar Islands. Only the first of these, launched in 1778, was successful.Steger, Philipp (2005). "The Nicobar Islands: Linking Past and Future". ''University of Vienna''. Archived from the original on 2005. Retrieved 16 December 2018. The second attempt was canceled, and the third, in 1886, was abandoned due to prior colonization by the British in 1868. Diplomatic relations between Austria and India were established in M ...
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Aljazeera
Al Jazeera Media Network (AJMN; , ) is a private-media conglomerate headquartered in Wadi Al Sail, Doha, funded in part by the government of Qatar. The network's flagship channels include Al Jazeera Arabic and Al Jazeera English, which provide coverage of regional and international news, along with analysis, documentaries, and talk shows. In addition to its television channels, Al Jazeera has expanded its digital presence with platforms such as AJ+, catering to younger audiences with formats and content tailored for online consumption. Al Jazeera broadcasts in over 150 countries and territories, and has a large global audience of over 430 million people. Originally conceived as a satellite TV channel delivering Arabic news and current affairs, it has since evolved into a multifaceted media network encompassing various platforms such as online, specialized television channels in numerous languages, and more. The network's news operation currently has 70 bureaus around the w ...
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Galileo (satellite Navigation)
Galileo is a satellite navigation, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) created by the European Union through the European Space Agency (ESA) and operated by the European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA). It is headquartered in Prague, Czech Republic, Czechia, with two ground operations centres in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany (mostly responsible for the control of the satellites), and in Fucine Lake, Fucino, Italy (mostly responsible for providing the navigation data). The €10 billion project began offering limited services in 2016. It is named after the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei. One of the aims of Galileo is to provide an independent high-precision positioning system so European political and military authorities do not have to rely on the United States Global Positioning System, GPS or the Russian GLONASS systems, which could be disabled or degraded by their operators at any time. The use of basic (lower-precision) Galileo services is free and open ...
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Green Hydrogen
Green hydrogen (GH2 or GH2) is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water, using renewable electricity. Production of green hydrogen causes significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than production of grey hydrogen, which is derived from fossil fuels without carbon capture. Green hydrogen's principal purpose is to help limit global warming to 1.5 °C, reduce fossil fuel dependence by replacing grey hydrogen, and provide for an expanded set of end-uses in specific economic sectors, sub-sectors and activities. These end-uses may be technically difficult to decarbonize through other means such as electrification with renewable power. Its main applications are likely to be in heavy industry (e.g. high temperature processes alongside electricity, feedstock for production of green ammonia and organic chemicals, as direct reduction steelmaking), shipping, and long-term energy storage. As of 2021, green hydrogen accounted for less than 0.04% of total hydrogen production. Its ...
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Solar Energy
Solar energy is the radiant energy from the Sun's sunlight, light and heat, which can be harnessed using a range of technologies such as solar electricity, solar thermal energy (including solar water heating) and solar architecture. It is an essential source of renewable energy, and its technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on how they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic systems, concentrated solar power, and solar water heating to harness the energy. Passive solar techniques include designing a building for better daylighting (architecture), daylighting, selecting materials with favorable thermal mass or light-dispersing properties, and organizing spaces that ventilation (architecture), naturally circulate air. In 2011, the International Energy Agency said that "the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technolo ...
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Global Issues
A global issue is a matter of Social issue#Types of social issues, public concern worldwide. This list of global issues presents problems or phenomena affecting people around the world, including but not limited to widespread social issues, economic issues, and environmental issues. Organizations that maintain or have published an official list of global issues include the United Nations, and the World Economic Forum. Global catastrophic risks Not all of these risks are independent, because the majority, if not all of them are a result of human activity. * Biodiversity loss * Climate change * Existential risk from artificial general intelligence, Destructive artificial intelligence * Environmental disaster * Nuclear holocaust * Pandemic * Biotechnology risk * Gray goo, Molecular nanotechnology * Societal collapse United Nations list The United Nations, UN has listed issues that it deems to be the most pressing : As part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the ...
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Shiv Shankar Menon
Shivshankar Menon (born 5 July 1949) is a retired Indian diplomat of Indian Foreign Service who served as National Security Advisor of India to the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. He had previously served as the Foreign Secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs. Prior to that he was Indian High Commissioner to Pakistan, and Sri Lanka and ambassador to China and Israel. He is currently Distinguished Fellow at the Centre for Social and Economic Progress. He is also Visiting Professor of International Relations at Ashoka University. Early life and education Shivshankar Menon hails from Ottapalam in the Palakkad district of Kerala. He comes from a family of diplomats; his father, Parappil Narayana Menon, served as the ambassador to Yugoslavia in his last days. His grandfather K. P. S. Menon (senior) was India's first Foreign Secretary, while his uncle K. P. S. Menon (junior) was the former Indian ambassador to China and the 15th Foreign Secretary. His great-grandfather, Sir ...
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Manmohan Singh
Manmohan Singh (26 September 1932 – 26 December 2024) was an Indian economist, bureaucrat, academician, and statesman, who served as the prime minister of India from 2004 to 2014. He was the fourth longest-serving prime minister after Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and Narendra Modi. A member of the Indian National Congress, Singh was the first Sikh prime minister of India. He was also the first prime minister since Nehru to be re-appointed after completing a full five-year term. Born in Gah, Pakistan, Gah in what is today Pakistan, Singh's family migrated to India during Partition of India, its partition in 1947. After obtaining his doctorate in economics from Nuffield College, Oxford, the University of Oxford, Singh worked for the United Nations during 1966–1969. He subsequently began his bureaucratic career when Lalit Narayan Mishra hired him as an advisor in the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India), Ministry of Commerce and Industry. During the 1970s and 1980s, ...
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