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Idriss Déby
Idriss Déby Itno ( '; 18 June 1952 – 20 April 2021) was a Chadian politician and military officer who was the sixth List of heads of state of Chad, president of Chad from 1991 until his death in 2021 during the 2021 Northern Chad offensive, Northern Chad offensive. His term of office of more than 30 years makes him Chad's longest-serving president. Déby was a member of the Bidayat dialect, Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa people, Zaghawa ethnic group. A high-ranking commander of President Hissène Habré's military during the 1980s, Déby played important roles in the Toyota War which led to Chad's victory during the Chadian–Libyan War, Chadian-Libyan War. He was later purged by Habré after being suspected of plotting a coup, and was forced into exile in Libya. He took power by leading a 1990 Chadian coup d'état, coup d'état against Habré in December 1990. Despite introducing a multi-party system in 1992 after several decades of one-party rule under his predecessors, througho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshal
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated offices, such as in military rank and civilian law enforcement. In most countries, the rank of Field marshal, Marshal is the highest Army rank (equivalent to a five-star General of the Army (United States), General of the Army in the United States). Etymology ''Marshal'' is an ancient loanword from Old French ''mareschal'' (cf. Modern French ''maréchal''), which in turn is borrowed from Old Frankish *' "stable boy, keeper, servant", attested by Medieval Latin ''mariscalcus'' from a Proto-Germanic ''*maraχskalkaz'' (cf. Old High German ''marahschalh'')p. 93b-283a, T. F. Hoad, ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology'' (Oxford University Press, 1993) being still evident in Middle Dutch ''maerscalc'', ''marscal'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bada Abbas Maldoum
Bada Abbas Maldoum (1952-2006) was a politician from Chad who served as Vice President of Chad from December 1990 to February 1991. He has also served as Minister of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice, is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a ... from 1995 to 1996 and served as Interior minister of Chad in 1991. He died in 2006. References Vice presidents of Chad Justice ministers of Chad Date of birth missing Place of birth missing Date of death missing Place of death missing 1952 births 2006 deaths 20th-century Chadian politicians {{Chad-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinda Déby Itno
Hinda Déby Itno (; born 5 April 1980) is a Chadian former First Lady who served from 2005 to 2021. She was the wife of former President Idriss Déby. Biography Itno was born in the Chadian capital N'Djamena in 1980 to Mahamat and Mariam Abderahim Acyl. Her father was a diplomat who had worked at Chad's embassy in Washington D.C. He was Secretary of State for Public Health, Labor and Social Affairs from July 1976 to September 1978. Her father retired after serving several years as a consultant N'Djamena, but he was appointed Ambassador of Chad to Sudan in 2010. Positions On 2 October 2005 she became the wife of Chad's President and she was identified as the First lady, First Lady as he already had other wives. In 2014 Chad's national council of women, Chad's National Council of Women (CONAF-TCHAD) was formed with her strong support. Achta Djibrine Sy became the vice-president of that organisation which campaigned against discrimination. Itno admired Sy for her hard work. On 11 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patriotic Salvation Movement
The Patriotic Salvation Movement (, MPS; ) is the ruling political party in Chad. History After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the 1 April Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing and carried out attacks across the border into Chad. The MPS was founded in Sudan on 11 March 1990 through the merger of the 1 April Movement with other anti-Habre groups in exile. After a successful offensive in November 1990, Déby and the MPS came to power on 2 December 1990, when their forces entered N'Djamena N'Djamena ( ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Chad, largest city of Chad. It is also a Provinces of Chad, special statute region, divided into 10 districts or ''arrondissements'', similar to the city of Paris. Originally calle ..., the Chadian capital. Idriss Déby was the MPS candidate in the 1996 presidential election and won ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amdjarass (city)
Amdjarass or Am-Djarass () is the capital city of the province of Ennedi Est in northern Chad. It is also the capital of the second level administrative division, the Amdjarass department. It is the largest city in the region and the fourth largest in Saharan (Northern) Chad. The city is presently mapped in OpenStreetMap, but many atlases do not put this city on the map. Despite formerly being an isolated Saharan oasis, its population as of the 2009 census is 20,850, and has grown considerably from just 657 residents in the 1993 census. Since 1990, it has been the home town of Chad's ruling Déby family. On July 3, 2015, Chadian president Idriss Deby visited Amdjarass. It is the city in which he would be buried 6 years later. The town has a hotel called the Toumai Hotel Amdjarass and a fortress. There is a boomerang-shaped rock with the town's name at the entrance to the town. The mayor is Ismael Miss. Declan Walsh of The New York Times has reported that in 2023, during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Died Of Wounds
Killed in action (KIA) is a casualty classification generally used by militaries to describe the deaths of their personnel at the hands of enemy or hostile forces at the moment of action. The United States Department of Defense, for example, says that those declared KIA did not need to have fired their weapons, but only to have been killed due to hostile attack. KIAs include those killed by friendly fire during combat, but not from incidents such as accidental vehicle crashes, murder, or other non-hostile events or terrorism. KIA can be applied both to front-line combat troops and naval, air, and support forces. Furthermore, the term died of wounds (DOW) is used to denote personnel who reached a medical treatment facility before dying. The category ''died of wounds received in action'' (''DWRIA'') is also used for combat related casualties which occur after medical evacuation. PKIA means presumed killed in action. This term is used when personnel are lost in battle, initially li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
N'Djamena
N'Djamena ( ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Chad, largest city of Chad. It is also a Provinces of Chad, special statute region, divided into 10 districts or ''arrondissements'', similar to the city of Paris. Originally called Fort-Lamy, it was founded in 1900 by the French during their colonization of Central Africa. The city was renamed N'Djamena in 1973, reflecting its local Chadian heritage. Throughout its history, N'Djamena has grown from a small trading hub into the Politics of Chad, political and Economy of Chad, economic center of Chad, playing a vital role in the country's development. Its strategic location near the borders of Cameroon and Nigeria has historically made it an important Crossroads (junction), crossroads for trade and cultural exchange in the region. N'Djamena is situated on the Chari River in the southwestern part of Chad, near Lake Chad. The city lies within a semi-arid region characterized by a Heat wave, hot climate with a distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chad
Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central African Republic to Central African Republic–Chad border, the south, Cameroon to Cameroon–Chad border, the southwest, Nigeria to Chad–Nigeria border, the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to Chad–Niger border, the west. Chad has a population of 19 million, of which 1.6 million live in the Capital city, capital and largest city of N'Djamena. With a total area of around , Chad is the fifth-largest country in Africa and the List of countries and dependencies by area, twentieth largest nation by area. Chad has several regions: the Sahara desert in the north, an arid zone in the centre known as the Sahel, and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the second-largest wetl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Equatorial Africa
French Equatorial Africa (, or AEF) was a federation of French colonial territories in Equatorial Africa which consisted of Gabon, French Congo, Ubangi-Shari, and Chad. It existed from 1910 to 1958 and its administration was based in Brazzaville. History Established in 1910, the Federation contained four colonial possessions: French Gabon, French Congo, Ubangi-Shari and French Chad. The Governor-General was based in Brazzaville with deputies in each territory. In 1911, France ceded parts of the territory to German Kamerun as a result of the Agadir Crisis. The territory was returned after Germany's defeat in World War I, while most of French Cameroon, Cameroon proper became a French League of Nations mandate not integrated into the AEF. French Equatorial Africa, especially the region of Ubangi-Shari, had a similar concession system as the Congo Free State and similar atrocities were also committed there. Writer André Gide traveled to Ubangi-Shari and was told by inhabita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fada, Chad
Fada () is the capital of the Ennedi-Ouest Region of Chad, which was created in 2012 from the western half of the Ennedi Region. Lying in the Ennedi Plateau, it has a population of 23,786 (as of December 2005). It is known for the surrounding cave paintings and rock formations, while the Guelta d'Archei and a wood growing in a wadi are local attractions. During the Toyota War phase of the Chadian–Libyan War in 1987, the town saw fighting during the Battle of Fada. The town is served by Fada Airport. History Rock paintings and archaeological artifacts at nearby Guelta d'Archei, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, show evidence that humans occupied the area around 10,000 BCE during the African humid period. Idriss Déby, a former military officer and president of Chad, was born in the village of Berdoba, about 190 kilometres from Fada. As a student, he attended the École-Francaise in studying the French language. On 2 January 1987, during the Toyota War, Fada was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpha Condé
Alpha Condé (N'Ko: ; born 4 March 1938) is a Guinean politician who served as the fourth president of Guinea from 2010 to 2021. He spent decades in opposition to a succession of regimes in Guinea, unsuccessfully running against then-President Lansana Conté in the 1993 and 1998 presidential elections and leading the Rally of the Guinean People (RPG), an opposition party. Standing again in the 2010 presidential election, Condé was elected president in a second round of voting. Upon his election, he said he would strengthen Guinea as a democracy and fight corruption. When Condé took office in December 2010, he became the first freely elected president in the country's history. He was reelected in 2015 with about 58% of the vote, and again in 2020 with 59.5% after a constitutional referendum which allowed Condé to "reset" his term limit and seek two more terms. The move was controversial and sparked massive protests before and after the referendum, which were brutally re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Mugabe
Robert Gabriel Mugabe (; ; 21 February 1924 – 6 September 2019) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987 and then as President from 1987 to 2017. He served as Leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) from 1975 to 1980 and led its successor political party, the ZANU – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF), from 1980 to 2017. Ideologically an African nationalist, during the 1970s and 1980s he identified as a Marxist–Leninist, and as a socialist during the 1990s and the remainder of his career. Mugabe was born to a poor Shona family in Kutama, Southern Rhodesia. Educated at Kutama College and the University of Fort Hare in South Africa, he then worked as a schoolteacher in Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia, and Ghana. Angered by white minority rule of his homeland within the British Empire, Mugabe embraced Marxism and joined African nationalists calling for an independent state controlled by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
